120 - Find your way

After arranging the plan to make a movie, Chen Chen came to the project team of "Alzheimer's Disease Reversal Treatment" and asked for all the research results of the current project team and a few mice.

The "Alzheimer's Disease Reversal Therapy" project team does exist, led by Evans, another neurology professor invited by Chen Chen, who has participated in several clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease, and this project is also his old job.

However, Chen Chen didn't plan to experiment with Evans, because Chen Chen's side needed to use NZT-48 for experiments.

Until his strength completely surpasses the mundane, Chen Chen will not tolerate NZT-48 being known to any outsider.

Therefore, Chen Chen could only carry out experiments alone.

The mice were genetically modified mice carrying a mutated form of human tau that began to develop tau tangles in their brains at 6 months of age and showed signs of neurological damage at 9 months.

This is a genetically modified mouse that has been created by humans to resemble the Alzheimer's symptom model.

Chen Chen reopened a laboratory on the fifth floor, and after moving all these materials in, he began to watch Professor Evans' research results during this period one by one.

More than 100 years ago, a doctor named Alzheimer's dissected the brain of a patient who died of Alzheimer's disease and discovered a shocking phenomenon.

Not only did the deceased's brain shrink severely, but even the cerebral cortex, which was responsible for memory, thinking, and language, was completely depleted, replaced by necrotic brain cells and abnormal and strange brain deposits......

From this day on, humanity officially engaged in Alzheimer's disease, the disease of the century.

However, because of the insidious nature of Alzheimer's disease, people did not pay attention to this disease at first, until the last two or three decades human life expectancy has become longer and longer, and there are more and more patients with Alzheimer's disease, which has been thoroughly taken seriously by the medical community.

However, as human beings investigate more and more, they find that Alzheimer's disease is far more terrifying than human imagination......

According to the statistics of the Earth Federal Pharmaceutical Research and Development Association, from 1998 to 2017, top pharmaceutical groups including Bayer, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Pfizer invested more than 600 billion US dollars, and tested Alzheimer's drugs a total of 146 times.

In 2018 and 2019, the world's top scientists have failed 154 times in the face of Alzheimer's disease in the past 20 years.

One of the most shocking is that in January 2018, the world's largest pharmaceutical company, Pfizer, announced that it would suspend the research and development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's drugs due to insufficient technical capabilities......

In the face of this disease of the century, the world's top medical forces are at a loss.

Chen Chen's expression was calm, and he swiped his fingers across the stacks of materials, all of which were sandwiched in folders, one of which was five centimeters thick, and at this time there was a mountain as high as a hill in front of Chen Chen.

However, as Chen Chen flipped through the books one by one, in just a few hours, the information beside him was reduced by half, and the pile of information that represented the reading of the book was accumulating higher and higher, and getting thicker and thicker.

If someone gets closer to observe at this time, they will find that the more information they look through, the brighter Chen Chen's eyes will be, and finally it seems that they can shine in the dark!

It wasn't until he finished reading the latest issues of the experimental materials that Chen Chen finally exhaled, turned on the computer again, and compared it with the most cutting-edge results on the Internet.

After reading these, Chen Chen thoughtfully closed the webpage.

It's good, the direction is already there.

A smile appeared on the corner of Chen Chen's mouth, and then he took out a finger-sized piece of chocolate, peeled off the tin foil, and stuffed it all into his mouth.

NZT-48 can make the brain work at high speed, but it also burns a lot of fat, carbohydrates, and protein, and chocolate can replenish these substances, while theobromine can also strengthen the nervous system and help increase the amount of oxygen in the blood.

Therefore, Chen Chen has recently developed the habit of eating a few pieces of chocolate after taking medicine.

As the chocolate slowly melted in his mouth, Chen Chen also began his own experiments.

He first put on a sterile gown and disinfected his whole body, and then put on disposable rubber gloves in the laboratory, took out a pill of NZT-48, and slowly dissolved it in glucose.

At the same time, Chen Chen took out several mice with the most obvious signs of nervous system damage, poured them with the same proportion of NZT-48 solution according to the grouping method, and then put them into each observation cage.

This is just one of the experiments.

In addition to the efficacy of NZT-48 on Alzheimer's disease, Chen Chen is also conducting another experiment at the same time, but unlike the current experiments on the market, Chen Chen intends to study from the side of inflammation.

You know, science and technology now generally believe that the cause of Alzheimer's disease is "β amyloid deposition" and "abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein", so scientists put forward the hypothesis of the etiology of Alzheimer's disease - β amyloid theory.

Most of the current clinical trials target β amyloid in an attempt to break down or prevent the formation of β amyloid deposits.

However, as mentioned before, all the treatment experiments targeting amyloid β in the world have failed.

So Chen Chen decided to start with the inflammation hypothesis and brain immune cells.

There are several hypotheses about Alzheimer's disease, including the hypothesis of inflammation, and a 2018 study in the journal Neurology found the presence of the herpes virus in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Then, in 2019, a team published a paper in the journal Science, in which they found Porphyromonas gingivalis in the brains of patients, and through mouse experiments, the bacteria invaded the brains of mice, and after the mice died, they found dead neurons in the brains of the mice, and at the same time, the level of amyloid β increased.

At the end of '19, a team in the journal PNAS found that a protein called TOM1, a substance critical to the inflammatory response, was dramatically reduced in the brains of patients.

After the expression of TOM1 decreased, the β-amyloid in the brain of the mice increased significantly, and the mice also experienced cognitive decline, and the cognitive ability of the mice was restored by increasing the TOM1 in reverse.

This is the recent study of the inflammatory hypothesis, and even Professor Evans is working in this direction.

In addition to the direction of the inflammation hypothesis, Chen Chen also added the immune cell deficiency hypothesis.

Because one of the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease is the formation of "β deposits" and "tau" tangles in the brain, and an immune cell called microglia protects the brain by removing these deposits and tangles.

They surround these harmful substances, engulfing sediments and tangles piece by piece.

However, recent research has found that microglia, while limiting the accumulation of harmful substances, can be a double-edged sword.

Because microglia can secrete a substance called apoe, which in turn enhances the formation of β deposition, and in the later stages of the disease, once the tau tangles form, the microglia attack the tangles may harm nearby neurons, leading to the development of neurodegeneration.

Studies have found that without microglia, or if microglia are not activated, tau tangles and β deposition do not accumulate and progress to advanced stages, and the nervous system is not damaged......

This is Chen Chen's research direction, with these directions, even if Chen Chen still can't cure Alzheimer's disease, at least he can be sure to limit the deterioration of the disease and lock this disease of the century in the early stage!