"In the past, people were thrifty, and the spirit of frugality in food and clothing was also stable, but now the more developed the economy, the more wasteful people are, and waste is also a pattern of behavior......"

"Grandpa, do you people there never take a bath all year round?"

The old horse, who was suddenly interrupted, heard that the boy was like this, and first said in surprise: "Hu jacket! Immediately after that, he snorted inexplicably and couldn't stop laughing, and Gui Ying and Xingbang also laughed.

"Who's with you?" Lao Ma asked his grandson.

"My mother's own! She never took a bath all year round, and Xia could rub off the mud lumps the size of red beans! Later, when she went to junior college, the girls in the dormitory laughed at her! "Tsai Tsai is justified.

"That was the early years! Twenty years ago! It's inconvenient to take a bath, and it costs money! The key is not that habit! Gui Ying defended herself, and He Zhiyuan on the side laughed silently when he heard his son and wife arguing like this.

"This is a matter of history, a hundred years ago there were no toilets in China! Majiatun is on the plateau, not to mention that the northwest is an arid region, and the draft is very tight - your students didn't learn this? The tap water in the village is given to people first, two washing materials are given to pigs, cattle and sheep, and three washing rags are washed. Twenty years ago, when the tap water came and went twice, one or two times, how could it be enough! It's not like a water cellar was built in front of the house - for storing water. Several villages share a water tower, which is also used to store water. One place and one custom, now it's good, the tap water is sufficient, and the daughter-in-law who loves cleanliness in Tunli loves to bathe more than you! Lao Ma Wan pointed in the air and wished to congratulate him

"And where are you bathing—the village bathing center?" When the person was finished, the adults laughed.

"I built a sealed house, one or two square meters in size, with porcelain tiles on the top and bottom, left and right, an stretched glass door, a solar energy on it, and a headlamp in it for heating and lighting - not much like in the city."

"It's really difficult for us to take a bath at that time, and we only use one or two iron basins of water to take a bath. Winter is the most inconvenient, wash your hair and take a bath by yourself have to go to the stove to hold firewood to boil hot water, and then I would rather go to the bathhouse in the town than take a bath at home, it is really inconvenient! Thinking of the inconvenience of taking a bath in the past, Xingbang scratched his head and frowned.

"Hmmm! I don't like bathing! Originally, the girl's family wanted to love cleanliness, but I was afraid of taking a bath - it was really annoying, washing my hair was like a war, and it was very annoying! I only got used to taking a bath after I got to the south, and the hot and humid air here forced you to take a bath! Gui Ying smiled to herself.

"There are a lot of bathhouses in the north now! The provincial capitals in the northwest and northeast are not all washed! "Ma Xingbang's nephew, who was born in the south, popularized the common sense of bathing in the north.

"At that time, I must have a big wash before the Chinese New Year! Now I usually wash it, and it seems that the New Year is not interesting. In the past, the Chinese New Year was the New Year, and many things were done once a year, only during the New Year! Now there is no New Year's flavor at all, and there is no New Year's flavor in the village! The old horse couldn't hide his loss.

"How the hell did you celebrate the New Year? Grandpa, you have to be very mysterious and grand! Tsai Tsai was puzzled.

"Oh, this is a big project, it will take a month and a half!" After Ma Xingbang finished, he also lay down and lay down beside his father.

"What do you do for a month and a half - go to relatives?"

"Let your grandfather! Your grandfather has endless desires! Gui Yingwan, the middle-aged man snickered.

"The Chinese New Year is a time period, not a point in time. Your young people's New Year only refers to the first day of the Lunar New Year, that is, the first day of the Lunar New Year. The traditional Spring Festival begins with the sacrificial stove on the 23rd and 24th day of the lunar month and ends on the 17th day of the first lunar month or even the second day of the second lunar month. The span is large and the time is long, so the Spring Festival is the most solemn festival in China. Starting from around the twenty-third day of the lunar month, the village basically officially kicked off the New Year. The women began to get busy, the dolls went on winter vacation, and the men who worked outside the home came back one after another. What's the deal? Washing bed sheets and quilts, cleaning, beating stone buns, steaming steamed buns, buying New Year's goods, frying oil fruits, roasting meat, making dumplings, etc...... Split the work to be prepared for the New Year, do the same as the previous year, and count the good days until Chinese New Year's Eve. ”

"Big cleaning, big cleaning, steamed buns...... It seems like it's just one thing, and you have to ask someone to help you do it! Good guy, at that time, the steamed buns that were steamed every year were piled up like mountains! There were several thick and thin bags of stones—the big snakeskin bag for wheat! Now think about it, what an exaggeration! Gui Ying gestured with her hands in the dark.

"Every family is like that! The light came to clean up, and after the morning meal, the family began to work. First move all the things in the house to the yard, the wooden cabinets, boxes, quilts, mats in the house, the water cooker, oil man, clay pot, wooden bucket, vinegar jar, and large basin in the kitchen, as well as the long and short farm tools in the grass house! Lord and your uncle are responsible for cleaning, putting on straw hats and rotten clothes, and being armed, from the houses where people live, empty houses, to kitchens, front yards, backyards, cattle pens, toilets, ...... Your grandmother, your mother, and your second uncle are responsible for cleaning, and the kettle, sewing machine, cabinet corner, box cover, scale rod, Weng bottom, chopstick holder, basin holder, soap cover... Wash it all over. There are not enough people in the house, so it takes two or three cleanings. "The old horse's eclipse in the air is counting.

"Oops, it's so tiring to think about cleaning back then! When the house is cleaned, there are things piled up at the door, and those who don't know think they are moving or demolishing the house! After cleaning, there was black mud in my fingernails and nostrils, and I remember that my mom and I had a layer of white dirt stuck to our hair! Gui Ying grinned silly, and Lao Ma and Xingbang also laughed.

"There were a lot of things in the house at that time! Pots and pans, pots, pots, pots, pots, ploughs, cabinets, tables and chairs, pliers, wrenches, screwdrivers, pigsty, cattle pens, sheep pens, chicken pens, ...... You have to have everything! When you are in a hurry, you can't borrow it. So in order to save money, one thing was passed from my grandfather's hand to my eldest brother, from my big hand to me, and from my hand to your second uncle. At that time, things were also durable, to be honest, there was a problem that could be repaired for decades, so it was normal for a piece of furniture to be used for more than ten years or even decades, unlike now, the refrigerator is broken for three or five years, and the mobile phone has to be replaced in one or two years! Not in use! Things are not used, and they are not used in this era! The old man sat up, touched his hookah, and prepared to smoke a pot.

"I remember that the earliest basin in our house, the pottery one, was...... My mom got married, right? Ma Xingbang asked his father.

"Hmmm! It's not new, your mom gave it to her uncle. When I married your mother, I didn't have anything, and the basin was used for decades, and when I finally built a new house, I thought about it, I didn't need that thing, it took up space, the purpose was single, and the lid was not easy to match. Actually, it's quite reluctant! Lao Ma took a puff of hookah, and the smell of smoke came and went in the nostrils of Xingbang and Guiying, as if they were on the big kang in the old house when they were children.

Ma Guiying has always acquiesced to her father's smoking, knowing that her 70-year-old father could not quit smoking, and secondly, she also wanted to take her back to her childhood or hometown through the unique smell of hookah. The same behavior or the same thing that stimulates a certain sense, after repeated reinforcement in the early part of life, will bring people a sense of happiness or hatred and disgust in the second half of life, because it will instantly bring people back to the situation of childhood, Zheng There are many things that make people's minds detached from reality, such as opera, music, movie screens, old furniture, a certain smell of food, a certain smell of alcohol... You don't need a ticket for a spiritual tour.

"There are a lot of things in the house that my mother brought with her to marry, such as dou, the pair of wooden pillows, and the dinner table," Gui Ying said to ......the old man.

"Well, yes! The old one, worthless but lacking, that's it, I've used it for many years! The old horse nodded in affirmation.

"Things were really durable back then. Now the sturdy and durable goods are high-end goods, and the low-end goods are short-lived, and people keep updating, just like the roads and bridges on the street, constantly renovating......" He Zhiyuan's words came to an abrupt end.

"Fight GDP?" Tsai interjected.

Zhiyuan smiled lightly and said nothing.

Seeing that no one was talking, the old horse who was born in the old era spoke again: "Our Tutuo Bun and Bo Bo Bao (synthetic stone bun) over there are the most famous, and the boy may not know that the original one was specially used to sacrifice to the god of the stove." Set a day to do, borrow stones from the people in the village who have gravel in advance, put the stones into a pan and heat them on a high fire, wait for the stones in the pot to reach the temperature of the burning, then take out some of the stones, put the dough cake made in advance and lay it, and finally put another layer of stones on the dough cake, and use the high temperature of the upper and lower layers of stones to cook the cake and dry it. ”

"The most important thing about Tuotuo Bun and Bo Bo Bao is the ingredients inside! Now what is sold outside has nothing to show for itself, but it doesn't taste good! Mom used to mix the noodles with cooked oil, salt, black sesame seeds, pepper noodles, large noodles, fennel, and minced green onions. I remember my second aunt also put lard, eggs, and chili powder in the noodles, and she made them a little crispy and spicy. Xingbang finished and swallowed his saliva.

"The heat is also very important, the third aunt's house is always hot! Her family's stone buns are the driest roasted, and her family's hemp candy is also the oldest, and I eat the third aunt's hemp candy cutely! Oops, I haven't eaten it in years. When I was a boy, I once went back to catch up with Xingcheng's daughter-in-law for confinement, and my relatives sent a lot of buns, and I ate them at his house several times in a row. Gui Yingwan smiled sweetly.

"I seem to be a little impressed!" The boy who was sleeping on his stomach and holding the pillow turned his head towards his mother.

"No one does it now, last year's New Year, there was no fried hemp candy on both sides of your second aunt and third aunt! Ay! The old horse sighed and shook his head.

"Why?" Xingbang asked.

"Your two aunts are too old to do anything! The daughters-in-law don't know how to do it and don't want to do it - it's too much work and troublesome! Don't fry hemp candy, there are not many people in the village who can make stone buns and pinch flower buns! If you can buy something to eat, if you can't buy it, you just don't eat it! In today's rural areas, either the old people and dolls are working in the village, the young two are working in the city, or the three are living in the city and the two old people are farming in the village, and there are very few families in the village! There are many people who don't come back for the Spring Festival, and on the first day of the New Year, take a look in the alley and count, few are full of people! Let's ...... Ay! At first, it was someone else, thinking that his two sons and one daughter had not spent a Spring Festival together for more than ten years, the old horse insisted that he would not speak, so he could only sigh and use hookah to resist his sorrow.

"Grandpa, why do you want to sacrifice the god of the stove?" Tsai Tsai had a question in his heart.

"The god of the stove has given you food! This is an old custom in the village, offering to the god Vesta every year, sacrificing the land lord and ancestors on Chinese New Year's Eve, and going to the grave several times a year ago to make sacrifices. This is also the process of the New Year, the people in the village connect the dedication to the gods with the festival, and it has been like this for hundreds of years! When the Lord was like Yangyang, he began to kneel to the God of the Stove and the Lord of the Land, and knelt for a lifetime. The old horse finished and raised his head and spat out a cigarette.

"Originally, when the god of the stove was sacrificed, the portrait of the king of the stove was pasted, and under the statue there were sweets, fruits, buns, incense burners, incense, and I went to other people's houses to see new things - oranges, raisins, snacks...... I can't help but want to eat it secretly and I don't have the guts! Gui Ying took a breath between her teeth, and then snickered like a child.

"Originally, people still had faith, but now that the economy is developed, people don't believe in God and begin to worship material! From worshipping animals to worshiping gods and ancestors, thousands of years have passed in between; From worshipping gods and ancestors to worshipping materials and money, it only took 20 years! I used to be young, and I felt that it was particularly ridiculous for rural people to kneel on the ground to recite scriptures, worship gods, and sacrifices, but now as I get older, I feel that modern people have nothing to worship and trust, and it is quite sad. He Zhiyuan finished, and the father-in-law, brother-in-law and wife each snorted.

"Yingying, do you remember the seventeenth day of the first lunar month - sending insects and dodging mice-?" Ma Xingbang asked the girl with a smile.

"What? What to send worms? Tsai Tsai was very curious when he heard that he had never heard of it, and he couldn't wait to make his grandfather and uncle laugh.

"It's also a custom of the Spring Festival! On the 17th day of the first lunar month, at night, every house does not light or turn on the lights, and then the adults tie a ball of cotton wrapped in rags of cloth on a wooden stick that is more than a meter long and has thick wrists, make it into a torch, and then dip it in some kerosene and light it. I remember that every year I hold a torch, starting from the back wall of the backyard, and the horns of the house are illuminated with fire, which means that the snakes, rats, crickets, and scorpions in the house are illuminated...... Send it out so that your own people don't get bitten. ”

"I remember! My second brother and I followed your ass, shouting all the way Worm Oh Shh......h When I went out to the alley, there was a fire on the dark road, and adults and dolls were laughing around the fire! Gui Yingwan laughed heartily, and sent away the sleepy worm in everyone's brains with a smile.

"Why 'oh shhhh Childlike, curious about everything like a spark.

"'Oh shh When you get to the door, light the firewood that your grandmother has prepared in advance with a torch and make a fire. Starting with your grandmother, everyone in the family stepped over the fire one by one, symbolizing a peaceful new year. Xingbang finished, grinning secretly.

"And this custom! This- I love it! Next time I go to my grandfather's house, I'll hold a torch and let Yangyang follow behind! Tsai Tsai quickly flicked his hands in the air a few times, making the adults laugh out of their noses.

"In the past, during the Chinese New Year, I remember that there were always people in the countryside who played social fire, sang big operas, and held temple fairs, and people from dozens of villages in a radius poured out to see the excitement, not generally grand, but more powerful than the big stars coming! Eh, is there still a social fire in the village now? Gui Ying asked the old man.

"Yes! Few! The year before last, our town also did it, and asked each village to publish a column. The old horse finished, and his nostrils laughed with smoke.

"So, what is social fire?" Sure enough, it's not an era or a region, Tsai Zai raised his head and asked busily.

"Activities in the countryside to celebrate the Spring Festival. Invite someone to perform a special show, or a show in the village, and play the social fire in the town or on the main road of the village, set up a high platform, step on stilts, row a dry boat, lion dance, dragon dance, twist Yangge, beat drums, gongs and suona, and pretend to be a pig Bajie Sun Wukong...... Wherever the performance team goes, the crowd follows, thousands of people, and the most lively social fire during the Spring Festival. If there is one in the town next time, the lord will call you in advance. ”

"Okay!" Tsai Tsai crutched his chin and readily agreed.

"It's okay to take the college entrance examination next year! After going to college, I took a winter break to see it, but my dad never saw it. Zhiyuan to himself, sneering.

"When I was making dolls, I could watch shadow puppets at the meeting every year, but now I can't watch it, it's gone!" When the old horse finished, he sighed again, put out the smoke, and lay down again.

"There are fewer temple fairs, no shadow puppetry, and the process of the New Year is simpler – it's not what it used to be. In the past, I paid special attention to reunion, but now there are not enough people to make up for the New Year! Ma Xingbang looked at the flower board with his hands on his chest, sad for a vanishing era

"In our generation, as long as the family or elders are there, the people below can always get together, but now it is really different." The old horse lowered his eyebrows.

"Listening to you for the New Year, I feel so troublesome, isn't it better to streamline it now?" The boy is straightforward and fast-talking.

"In the past, it was just hard work before the year, but after the year, I had to eat, entertain relatives or something, and it was very convenient to prepare!" The old horse defended the tradition.

"Isn't it more convenient to have a Chinese New Year's Eve dinner in a restaurant now?" Gui Ying made fun of the old man.

"It's convenient! The meaning is different. The old horse sighed again.

"It's definitely different! The economy is developing, culture is changing, the concept of education has changed, the way of hiring talents has changed, and the type of society has changed! Now it is an economic society, not the original clan society! It's an old man like you who clings to the past. In our generation, in Tsai's generation, you see that he is sixteen years old and doesn't even understand what social fire is! So what's the use of your generation holding the tradition firmly in its hands! Gui Ying lay on her side with her head on her left hand, and pointed in the direction of the old man with her right hand.

Zhiyuan followed his wife: "In the past, the child was disobedient and could not fight at every turn, but now how can there be a beating!" Originally, people gave birth to four, five, seven or eight in their lives, but now four grandparents, two parents and one child are spoiled! used to pay attention to filial piety, but now there are more people who have no settlement in their later years than in any era, and there are many people who are still making money for their children at the age of sixty or seventy! It turns out that it is physical strength to endure hardship, and in the new era, it is mental strength to endure hardship, so which one of the sudden deaths is tired from doing physical work? ”

"It came down from the era when women bound their feet, we came from the reform and opening up, and we became a new human being two thousand years later! In that era, the bitter thing was that there was not enough food and clothing, and what our generation was worried about was the house, and when we got to Zaizai, maybe it was something else! Times are different, and so are the tangled things. Xingbang finished, and smiled helplessly.

Everyone was silent for a long time, and the old horse suddenly said to his grandson happily: "Boy, when grandpa dies in the future, will you mourn him?" How about you be a filial son for the top basin? ”

"Huh?" Tsai Tsai obviously didn't understand, Xingbang's heart trembled, and Gui Ying yelled anxiously: "Why did you call him here!" Is my eldest brother and second brother ornaments? ”

Seeing that the grandfather asked a strange question, the mother suddenly shouted, and the boy propped up the ground with both hands and asked the grandfather, "So, what is a top basin?" ”

"Huh! I don't even know about it! What a baby you taught! Lao Ma laughed and accused Gui Ying.

"Who in our generation still uses a top basin? Anyway, we won't need him in the future! Gui Ying was a little excited.

"Eh, what is a top basin?" He Zhiyuan asked the brother-in-law beside him. Although he has been silent although he is the son-in-law of Shaanxi Rao, he has been born in the city and does not know much about many customs in Shaanxi.

"Our funeral customs. When the family is gone, there must be a son or grandson to be a filial son, and when he is buried, he will put a clay pot on his head, and that pot is called a cornucopia. After death, the clay pot is placed in front of the coffin in the mourning hall, and the villagers, relatives or friends who come to pay their filial piety burn paper in the clay pot. When the coffin is out of the ground, after the memorial ceremony is over, the basin will follow the coffin. On the way to the cemetery, it is generally the eldest son who carries the basin on his head along the way, and before the burial, the basin should be broken according to the rules, the more broken the better, the more broken the previous generation will give the next generation more blessings. Therefore, it is called a top basin, and it is also called a falling basin. Xingbang explained seriously, and Tsai listened with pricked ears.

"Uncle, shouldn't you be the one who put the basin on it?"

"When the family is willing, there are many people who let the eldest grandson carry the pot! Your grandfather is willing to let you put a basin, so you can do it! ”

"But......" Gui Ying gritted her teeth and shut up, not knowing what to say against it.

"Hey! Let me tell you something, in the early years, the black dog in the village died, he had no daughter-in-law, no son, no brothers, and the family members in several of our alleys discussed, and the family contributed a laborer, and each of them went to the field with an iron to dig the grave; One more woman in the family, and each woman cooks the same dish. Anyway, there are no relatives, just the people in our alley finally did things for him, buried people, two or three years of effort, not a penny spent, and things are not done coldly! What am I thinking? I came to Shenzhen for two funerals, hey, that thing was not as decent as the fool in the village. In the future, when I leave, I don't have to rely on the two of you, you two decide, your second brother does things, and you seal... If Tsai is willing, he will give me a basin best! The old horse finished and laughed.

Everyone listened to it depressed and aggrieved, and tears from the corners of Gui Ying's eyes quietly flowed out.

"If I put a pot on it, then I'm so stressed! In the next few decades with my mother, I will do the funeral for my eldest uncle and the second uncle, and I will give them two filial sons. Am I good quality and durable? After the boy, everyone choked up and laughed, and the crying heart was released by laughter.

"What do you mean?" The old horse asked with a smile.

Gui Ying explained with a smile: "In the past, if his second uncle had no children, he would let him hold a funeral for his second uncle when he was old in the future, he could do it, and his uncle would also give his uncle a funeral when he was old!" Now you let him carry the basin again, baby...... At that time, it was a joke of small talk. Gui Ying finished laughing dryly.

"Boy, do you count?" Ma Xingbang asked his nephew.

"Count! I have the money to do a good job, if I don't...... I will try to do it decently. Tsai raised his eyebrows, sincere but not confident.

"Then my uncle will be relieved!" Xingbang snickered and was full of relief.

"Okay, okay, let's not embarrass other people's dolls! The five of us are holding a baby! The old horse finished with a silly joy and a sigh.

"Tsai Tsai is responsible, this is very similar to when Yingying was in the past! People are not big, but they have a big heart and a big mouth! In the future, if you practice your skills, your ability will be greater! "Xingbang Qizai's eyes lit up in the dark night.

"In the future, when your eldest uncle is gone, and your second uncle is gone, there will be no one in our house, and the old house will be left to you! Yang Yang can not be counted on to get married, you will make money when you get married in the future, make a mess at home, and when it comes to Qingming and National Day, take your doll and come to Majiatun for vacation! We have all kinds of electrical appliances at home, which is as convenient as a hotel in the city! Lao Ma couldn't help but feel sad when he thought of his third and fourth generations and the future of the old house.

"Eh, how did my grandfather and his wife die?" In order to divert her attention, Gui Ying asked a question that she had always been curious about.

"Angry! How can you still die? Your grandfather is so good, he just loves to, and he is almost seventy years old and followed your Uncle Jianmin to live in the city, and he got along with the nanny! Hey, your mother-in-law is so angry that she didn't come up in one breath and fell down! Your Uncle Jianmin ...... now Filial piety is filial piety, and I hold a grudge in my heart! ”

"Why did my uncle leave Baihutun? I couldn't figure it out, and I wanted to ask it several times, but I forgot it when I got home. Xingbang asked his father.

"Your Uncle of Baihutun - pitiful! I didn't deal with my daughter-in-law and made trouble for a lifetime. His death...... Anyway, I can't figure out all kinds of laws. Later, I inquired about the people in Baihutun, and they should have starved to death! The daughter-in-law put the old man in the cattle pen and starved to death! There's no way, my son is gone, and your mother's nieces are dying of old age, and no one cares. The daughter-in-law is over sixty, and she is tired of serving, and your uncle lives to ninety-five or sixteen, which is worth it! ”

"What about the uncle on the Lei family wall - my mother and her cousin?"

"Car accident! The man rode so fast that he crashed into it, and he didn't have to go long! ”

"Oh!"

……

The family was tossing and turning, not knowing that the clock hand on the wall was pointing to two o'clock in the morning. He Zhiyuan was so tired that he snored lightly, and the boy was also confused, and the father and son surnamed Ma were still chatting, from this year's autumn harvest to the dandelion at the door, from the neem tree in the old house to the four dogs at home, from the pig cub that had just been sold to a relative...... Reunions, reunions in places that are not in one's hometown, are often difficult and precious.

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