At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the gradual collapse of the Kushan Dynasty, the Kushan refugees moved into the Tarim Basin, and the Luwen declined in India, where it was produced, but suddenly became popular in several countries in the ancient Western Regions and became the Chinese language at that time, so it began to spread in Khotan, Shanshan and other places. By the 5th century or so, the script was not used in any country and became a dead script.

So the question arises -

Why did the Loulan dynasty use this script, which is extinct in Central Asia?

Could it be that the "Loulan people" are "foreigners" who migrated from Central Asia?

So what kind of migration route did they take?

Was the area inhabited by indigenous people before they moved in? What is their relationship with the indigenous people?

In China, there are two types of Lu writing systems, one is expressed in Khotanese and the other is in Shanshan. There are four main types of documents found in Xinjiang: the king's edicts, official and private letters, various contract scrolls, and a small number of household tax books.

The language used in Khotan was not suitable for the use of the Lu language, so it was not used among the people and was only used among the nobles and religious figures.

Just like in modern times, there are many people who have doubts about the ancient Chinese language.

In fact, in ancient times, the way of speaking of those high-ranking officials and nobles was also very normal, and the difference from the modern vernacular was not very huge, and the common people could understand it, and the reason why the written writing left was so peculiar was due to the feudal class system.

In ancient times, the number of people who could receive knowledge education was not as large as it is now, so there is a saying that "everything is inferior, only reading is high", which is about the superiority of intellectuals, just like even in the Republic of China period, Kong Yiji went to buy fennel beans and was ridiculed, but he couldn't help but say, "The matter of reading people, can it be regarded as stealing?" ”

These educated, read for a few years, think that the level of education has become higher, in order to distinguish themselves from ordinary people, so from ancient times, the convention has become a set of "written language" like a doctor's wolf, this kind of written language is initially obscure, the written communication between literati, the ruler of the letter all rely on this set, and later through the continuous system improvement of writers, added a lot of people, grammar and sentences, this began to have a preliminary readability.

Speaking of which, I have to talk about Shakespeare, who has made outstanding contributions to several major English clauses.

It is this outstanding dramatist who has been dead for hundreds of years, long before the Renaissance, in his tragicomedy, spontaneously adjusted the words and sentence patterns of English that are chaotic and blurted out, and obtained the clauses and more than 1,700 English words that frightened the flowers of the motherland, forming a situation that is now a headache for countless young saplings receiving nine-year compulsory education.

In his later years, Galileo was criticized by his students for not daring to adhere to heliocentrism: "A country without heroes is unfortunate. ”

"No, a country that needs heroes is unfortunate." Galileo replied.

But even if Galileo said so, however, in any great country, there is never a shortage of heroes, and the real heroes are never made, but spontaneously walk in the forefront of countless people, leading the people to progress.

Shakespeare of the Renaissance was a hero, Hu Shi and Lu Xun were also heroes, and Ji Xianlin, a master of Chinese studies who can truly convert Lu Wen, who has become a dead character thousands of years ago, can still be remembered today, is undoubtedly a hero.

From archaeological finds, we know that the official script used by the Loulan people is the Lulu script.

Of course, the Tiluwen found in Loulan is only a religious and official language, not a living language. The language spoken by their own people is Tocharian, which is also an Indo-European language that has long since become a "dead language".

According to the statistics of later generations, Ji Xianlin, a master of Chinese studies, had ten academic achievements in his life, and interpreting and studying Tocharian is the third of his ten academic achievements.

It is generally believed that the initial success of the Tocharian Script was marked by the publication of the Tocharian Fragments by a German professor in 1921. They first determined that Tocharian belonged to the Indo-European language family on the basis of the fact that its numerals, the names of relatives, the names of domestic animals, and the names of parts of the human body corresponded exactly to other Indo-European languages. Ten years later, in 1931, the publication of the tome Tocharian Grammar, which was a collaboration with Ze, meant that there was a pattern to follow in the interpretation of Tocharian. However, in Tocharian, there are still quite a few words whose semantics and grammar cannot be determined.

In 1939, a professor in his 80s was temporarily appointed to supervise Ji Xianlin's doctoral dissertation, which was studying at the University of Göttingen in Germany. clearly told Ji Xianlin that he would give him 4 unique skills, one of which was to interpret Tocharian Luowen.

But it was all the efforts of Ji Xianlin, a master of Chinese studies, that made this language, which should have become a "dead language", live again on the written record, and learned about it for Jiang Yunsu, who was born that year, and quickly mastered this language, and then taught Li Luant.

Li Luant caressed the familiar words with his hand, and there was an unprovoked familiarity lingering in his heart.

These words are distorted and strange, and the difficulty of reading is no less than that of the unpredictable water book.

Jing Qiongshuang's eyebrows moved slightly, and when she saw that Li Luant's face was not confused, but a look of remembrance, she immediately whispered, "What, have you found anything?" ”

A word wakes up the dreamer.

Li Luant slightly restrained his emotions, stood up straight, swept the whole audience, commanded Ruoding, and stretched out four fingers.

"There are four."

Well?

The eyebrows of the dark glasses moved, and it was a little unexpected: he only found two unusual places, and Li Green Ant had four?

Immediately looked at what he was going to say.

"First, this is not an ordinary burial chamber, this should be an altar."

Black Glasses and Jing Qiongshuang were noncommittal, and they could see this.

"Second, the object of worship on this altar is nothing else, the object of worship is the figure in the sarcophagus, the reason why this character is enshrined is unknown, but the status is not low, it can be imagined."

Jing Qiongshuang was slightly surprised: she could see that it was an altar, but she didn't have the audacity to guess the contents of the sarcophagus with the main body of the sacrifice. And the reason why she also thinks that what Li Luant said is true is because of the number of stone steps, the layout of the surrounding area, and most importantly-

Looking at the flat land below, it seems to be flat, but in fact there are small long snake-like curves, intertwined with each other, like snakes in heat intertwined, and finally point to a center point in the middle, and that center point is a small hole the size of a thumb.

The intertwined curves are stains of red blood that have dried up after more than a thousand years, pooling along the recesses and eventually flowing towards a common destination.

What is buried in this sarcophagus?

"What else?"

The black glasses said in a hoarse voice: He was waiting, waiting for Li Luant to say the key point.

"My advice is that it is best not to open this sarcophagus, because according to my guess, there is a good chance that the contents of this sarcophagus are still alive, and it is by no means good, and it is very likely that we cannot resist it."

In addition to those patterns on the outside of the sarcophagus, there was nothing that hinted at the internal information of the sarcophagus, Li Luant suddenly said this, and for a moment Wogua, Jing Qiongshuang, and black glasses were stunned.

"What is alive for thousands of years?"

Li Luant shook his head slightly, "I don't know, it's just intuition." ”

"I don't know—"

The black glasses chewed carefully on the sentence that Li Luant had just said, and continued, "Then what is the last point you said?" ”

Pointing to the pattern on the side wall, "This is it, this is not an ordinary pattern, it is prevalent in Loulan, a religious and official term called Lu Wen." ”

"You can tell what's going on on there!"

This is an affirmative sentence of dark glasses, not an interrogative sentence.

Sure enough, Li Luant nodded, "This is exactly what I got after observation, and with these words, I can say the third point just now." ”

What is it?

So what exactly is written?

Seeing the expectant eyes of the three of them, Li Luant immediately stopped selling Guanzi, but when he saw these words again, his trembling soul was still hot.

He opened his mouth with difficulty, but found that his throat was as painful as if it had been burned, and he could hardly make a sound, and only his soul remained awake, so as not to be burned by these words, as if these curses and vicious murmurs had eroded his face and his internal organs.

So far, there are four scripts left in the world, and they can no longer be deciphered.

One is the Proto-Elamite script of Susa.

The Proto-Elamite script is as old as the earliest writing systems used by humans. In other words, it belongs to the same period as the Sumerian script, which is considered to be the earliest writing system of mankind. But about 500 years before the appearance of the Elamite script, the proto-Elamite script appeared in Susa, the capital of the Elamite dynasty.

Archaeologists have uncovered about 1,600 inscriptions inscribed with the Proto-Elamaic script, which is likely somehow related to Protocuneiform, the direct predecessor of the Sumerian molded script, because of the striking similarities in some respects. Unlike Sumerian cuneiform, Proto-Elamite has existed for a shorter period of time, only about a century or two. It is difficult to tell which of these two writing systems appeared earlier. In any case, among the known texts, the Proto-Elamite script is the oldest that has yet to be deciphered.

The second is the Proto-Sinai writing system.

This alphabet system predates the birth of the Xenekhi alphabet by 6 centuries, and due to its resemblance to the original Canaanite alphabet and hieroglyphs, scientists have deciphered a small number of letters, but most of them remain unsolved. It is likely that the Canaanite miners, who lived in exile, brought the alphabet to Syria-Palestine, where the later Canaanite alphabet was born.

The third is the linear A. and the Cretan hieroglyphs.

Crete was a bridge between ancient Greece and the Middle East, and the Phoenician script was introduced to ancient Greece from this entrance to Crete in order to facilitate documentation in trade and rituals. It is a much older language, also derived from Crete, which evolved after the influence of the Greek language, and this older script is known as Linear A.

The fourth is the Iberian script.

The pre-Roman culture of the Iberian Peninsula is full of mysteries, and there are very few descriptions of Iberian and Celtic Iberian civilizations in the classics. It was not until the end of the 3rd century BC, after the Carthaginian invasion of the Iberian Peninsula and the Second Punic War between Carthage and Rome for supremacy in the Mediterranean.

In the eyes of historians, the history of the Iberian Peninsula before this point in time has been obscure, and it is difficult to reconstruct this history. It is only from archaeology that a partial understanding of the inhabitants who lived in the Iberian Peninsula before that can be obtained.

Before these four major characters were completely deciphered, Lu Wen and Shui Shui were jointly ranked at the top of their list, but because there has never been a shortage of heroic characters in the world, the most aggrieved mystery is now in the hands of a few.

Li Luant held back the tremors in his heart and the tremors in his whole body, and the words he spit out softly were like the most terrifying spells and vicious proverbs in the world.

Whoever enters this altar shall be cursed by me: thy blood shall be my blood; Your bones shall be my bones. No separation.

If there is a disgrace or disrespect, his life will be fixed for this moment, and he will fall into hell, and he will not be able to be reborn forever.

In hell, your heart should be my heart; Your soul should be my soul. No free pleasure.

All of your lifelines will be bait for the messengers of the underworld immediately, and I will achieve thousands of generations, immortal flesh!

It is said that the annual Halloween Festival is the most yin day of the year.

On this day, the ghost door is wide open, and countless stragglers and brave souls in the underworld will come to the yang world to forage for food, which can be described as a yin qi, but every door is guarded by a door god, so as long as you don't go to the street on this day, there is generally nothing to do.

The yin energy of the yang world on that day can be said to be tens of thousands of times better than the underworld on weekdays, and the miserable and miserable sound can be felt everywhere.

Where the yin qi is cramped, there are often visions, so wherever the yin qi is at its peak on Halloween, there are often abnormal weather, or light rain, or drought, or hail, or earthquake......

All in all, it was the day with the most ghosts that ordinary people could encounter for no reason.

However, after Li Luant whispered this paragraph, a gust of yin wind poured into the backbone of the air, making people's minds feel as if they were in the middle of winter and the cold winter.

"Huh-"

Wogua laughed twice, "shell lang, you, the translator, are you guilty of appendicitis, why are you so bluffing?" ”

He didn't doubt the accuracy of Li Luant's translation, but such a curse made anyone who heard it feel terrible.

The black glasses and Jing Qiongshuang took a step back from the sarcophagus without a trace: Obviously, such a curse is a challenge for anyone, if a person can still be calm and calm in such an environment, his complexion does not change, and he is not even a normal person.

The black glasses were not frightened by this curse, he looked around with some scrutiny, and said to Li Luant, "Putting aside this sentence is a curse, in terms of content alone, he said that this place is an altar, and it has indeed proved that our observation is correct as we expected; The Evil Barrier is an intruder who can destroy everything here, and then Hell—"

glanced at Li Luant, "What you just said, the things in the sarcophagus are the objects of worship, and they are also based on this sentence?" ”

Li Luant nodded and shook his head, "The reason why I guess that the things in the sarcophagus are the objects of worship is because the places where those pits converge, there are also the same words as here, and that point is obviously going to flow somewhere, as far as the eye can see here, there is only this sarcophagus, and naturally it can only be for this sarcophagus." "Not to mention the immortal body, if it were not really intended, the contents of this sarcophagus must still be alive in some form after a thousand years.

If all imaginary fingers are not imaginary fingers, but tangible entities that can find a basis—

Jing Qiongshuang's face turned pale, "The messenger of the underworld mentioned above is-"

All of your lifelines will be bait for the messengers of the underworld immediately, and I will achieve thousands of generations, immortal flesh!

"Ordinary messengers of the underworld, the first instinct is black and white impermanence."

Wogua is right, but it is obvious that there can be no black and white impermanence in the world, so the messenger it refers to, if it exists, is likely to be another kind of thing that kills people.

Everyone glanced around, and there was nothing that threatened human life except stones and stones.

Could it be that this group of stones will become essence, and they will come to take their own lives at any time?

Doesn't it mean that species after the founding of the People's Republic of China are not allowed to become spermatological?

Then this stone must be considered one of the "species".

For a while, everyone's hearts were worried, no one could get the most authoritative facts, the scene fell into a stalemate, a "grunt" came out, everyone followed the source to look, but saw that Wogua was holding his stomach a little shyly.

"I'm sorry, brother, I've been running around for a long time, and I'm a little hungry."

Jing Qiongshuang pursed her mouth, but her stomach also made a "grunt" sound at this time, everyone looked at each other and blinked their eyelashes: from the last meal to now, it has been more than ten hours without sleep, if it wasn't for the underground river to drink a stomach of water, I really couldn't stand being hungry, now it's normal to be hungry, and I don't know if there is time to eat later.

"Rest for a while, since this place is evil, we will go out after we have eaten enough."

This proposal is decent, not arrogant or impatient, for a while it was very affirmed by the three of them, Wogua sat down with a big grin, took out canned food and biscuits and feasted on it, Jing Qiongshuang ate the biscuits slowly and methodically, while drinking water, in the end women and men are completely different.

Li Green Ant bit on the compressed biscuit while looking around, hoping to find any more clues, but found nothing but what he saw.

This altar space is said to be underground, but Li Green Ant has a hunch: this heaven and earth is not born like this, but after some drastic changes, it accidentally sank into the ground, just like Atlantis.

In other words, if the altar was originally on the ground, there should be something else to consider.

Just as he was about to join Wogua and Jing Qiongshuang, his brows furrowed, "Which of you has seen the black glasses?" ”