Nian Fu said: "What is this virtual step? ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "Buxu is a dynamic of Taoist priests singing and reciting words and chapters in the ritual altar while circling around or facing the divine seat in the ritual altar, and it is a religious form that expresses the respect, praise and gratitude to the Taoist gods through the "Buxu Spiral". ”

Nian Fu said: "Buxu is the Taoist priest dipping the altar ceremony, spinning and wandering, is it with our onmyoji, when the funeral is recited, it is a reason to turn the bran city?" ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "Hehe," Helan Mountain is in the bran city, and it is the land wall for the soul of the dead. Without wind and frost, there is no autumn, and the wilderness is reincarnated and lit up. ”

Nian Fu smiled and said: "Yes, this poem is well done!" What did you do? ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "I didn't do it, I accidentally saw someone else do it, and I also went to it, at the funeral ceremony here in Ningxia, the sacrifice and respect and mourning for the ancestors ......"

Nian Fu smiled and said: "Hehe, that's a good point, leading the soul of the dead to break through the city can be regarded as extradition to the place of belonging!" ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "The tune and tone played and sung in the process of Buxu is said to come from the "Sanqing Tianzun" or "Jade Emperor Tianzun" and other great gods when preaching, the gods in order to express their emotion and admiration, around the Tianzun Buxu around the performance of chanting fairy music. And it does sound like the immortals ethereal spiraling in the void, so it is named "step void sound" or "step void song". At the same time, because not only music must be played, but also chanted when the step is empty, there are corresponding lyrics. As a result, from Taoist believers to officials, literati and even emperors, they all created lyrics for Buxu, and such stylistic works are called "Buxu words". Most of the words convey the author's yearning for the world of immortals or the pursuit of monastic life, or praise the gods and the beauty and sacredness of the world from the perspective of believers, express pious religious feelings or tortuously reflect the author's dissatisfaction with the real world. However, for various reasons, most of these numerous Buxu words did not enter the Taoist rituals of later generations, and were chanted by Taoist priests in Buxu. ”

Nian Fu smiled and said: "Hehe, we also have to chant scriptures when we turn to Bran City!" With wheat bran, sprinkle a city, south, south, north, and west gates, each turning, led by the onmyoji filial sons and grandsons, grandmen and daughters, together to lead the souls of the dead through the capital city, so that they will not get lost and go astray......"

Xiao Tianshu said: "According to the Southern Dynasty Song Liu Jingshu's "Alien Garden": Chen Siwang Cao Zhi traveled to the mountains, suddenly heard the sound of chanting in the air, Qingyuan was bright, and the interpreter wrote it, which was the sound of the gods. The Taoist priest followed suit and made a false sound. Qing Tian Lanfang's "Penglai (Yuan Keli Biye) Ji Sheng Miscellaneous Introduction": "Huanghuanghu, endowed with adult poems and strides, between the lines such as hearing the sound of Magu, the sentence can send the jade girl's jade." However, the "step sound" at that time is now unknown. Most of the existing Buxu music in Taoist ceremonies in various places is soothing and melodious, stable and beautiful, which is suitable for Taoist priests to chant in the march around the altar and wearing flowers. The words filled in according to the Buxu music are called "Buxu words". Volume 78 of "Yuefu Poems" quotes "Yuefu Solution" and says: "Step empty words, Taoist songs, and prepare for the beauty of the ethereal actions of the immortals." "The latter words have become a kind of poetic style, or five words, or seven words, eight sentences, ten sentences, and twenty-two sentences. Among them are the works of emperors, as well as the works of literati and Taoist priests. The earliest classical Taoist music in China is the "Nine Songs", which was originally the name of an ancient song in the legend. There is a long tradition of using song and dance to entertain the gods in the worship of ancient Chinese gods. There is also the practice of singing and dancing to entertain the gods. Qu Yuan, a Taoist scholar in Chu in the later Warring States period, adapted or processed the nine songs that are now circulating according to the folk songs of sacrificing to the gods. This kind of poetic style originates from Taoist immortal thought, which can be traced back to Qu Yuan's "Far Travel". As early as the pre-Qin Zhuzi era, with the emergence of the concept of immortals, people have boldly fantasized about "a thousand years of misanthropy. Go to the immortals: take the white clouds, as for the emperor's hometown. ”

Nian Fu smiled: "Isn't there no step in the early days? ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "Ancient Chinese religion and early Taoism did not have a step-and-void ritual. In the Southern Dynasty, the Taoist priest Lu Xiujing's "Dong Xuan Lingbao Said Light Candle Punishment Lamp Wishing Instrument" has the word "step void", pointing out that the Taoist priest's "step void" is an imitation of the chanting voice of the immortals in the heavenly palace, saying that "the saints and the natural wonderful real people, all three o'clock a day, swirl around the palace, pay tribute, fly in the void, scatter flowers and burn incense, hand the ten uniques, chant the cave chapter, praise the spirit of the nine heavens, and respect the mystery of the Xuanwen." Today, when the Taoist priest is fasting, so he patrols around the high seat and recites the step of the void chapter, which is the root of the law, and the saints and real people also feast on Yujing. Worship on the road, all should be Anxu, Yabu neat, the order of the pitch, Qi Tong can not, uneven patrol, step void are all the board beware, the winter moon is not to arch the heart, the summer month is not to put the fan, only the body is forward, the eyes are looking inward, the storage is on the high seat, pay attention to the Xuanzhen, so that the heart is the same". ”

Nian Fu said: "Then this, I don't think it necessarily didn't have it at the beginning, for example, there is no such form of step void, but there must be one like the bran city of our onmyoji, otherwise how can we bring the soul of the leader back to his hometown!" Any form of religion or art originates from life, and it is because of the needs of people in life that such things are created, and I think this should be the very beginning of the evolution of Buxu......

Xiao Tianshu smiled: "What you said is also right, hehe, if it weren't for the awe and distress of the living for their ancestors, how could there be such a thing!" ”

Nian Fu said: "Since Buxu wants to sing, is there any chanting rule? ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "Ask the Taoist priest to be safe and careful when he is weak. The Taoist priest Lu Taigu of the Song Dynasty said in the "Daomen Tongjiao Must Use Collection": "Lu Tianshi said: Recite the words of the Void Sutra, first knock the teeth three ways, and the pharyngeal fluid three times; Keep the sun and the moon in your heart, and be on your own face; From the nostrils into the cave room Jinhua Palace, after the light out of the item, the glow of nine colors, the circle is thin into the jade pillow, through the ten directions, with me around the meridian cycle and walking, percussion tooth tee, pharyngeal fluid three over. It is pointed out that when the Taoist priest is in the void, he should use the percussion method and the memory method, as if facing the pious and elegant reincarnation of the gods. Usually the number of steps is based on three turns (three turns). The full name of the "Duren Sutra" is "Lingbao Wuliang Ren Shangpin Sutra", although it is not the most ancient scripture in Taoism, but it was born as late as the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but it was regarded as "the ancestor of all scriptures" by later generations of Taoists. It has laid the foundation of Taoism after the Northern and Southern Dynasties, especially its immortal genealogy and cosmology, the early Tang Dynasty compiled the "Book of Sui", and its "Chronicles" narrated the primitiveness of Taoism, almost all based on the "Duren Sutra". The annotation, use and derivation of the people have been in the past dynasties, the original book is only 1 volume, to the Song Dynasty has been extended to 61 volumes, the Ming orthodox "Taoist Collection" is placed in the position of the first scripture, which shows that its influence on the history of Taoism is huge. ”

Nian Fu said: "Hehehe, our Bran City also has a law of chanting......"