The mortise and tenon joint is like a soul hidden in two pieces of wood, when the ancient craftsmen chiseled off the excess, the two pieces of wood would hold each other tightly and never separate.

Theoretically, the mortise and tenon joint in one direction will automatically loosen under the traction of natural forces for a long time without interference, maybe 10 years, maybe 15 years, which is the result of the influence of these forces on the moisture contained in the wood, just like the principle of the ebb and flow of the tide:

However, when the mortise and tenon structure is connected in different directions, the tensioning and loosening forces cancel each other out. As is the case with a mortise and tenon joint, when countless mortise and tenon joints are combined, an extremely complex and delicate balance occurs.

The mortise and tenon structure is tightly knit and without traces, implying the values and worldview of the ancients.

The mortise and tenon structure first appeared in the wooden building, and the dougong on the common ancient building today is the load-bearing member made of the mortise and tenon structure, which is self-evident in the role and status of the ancient Chinese wooden structure building, and the mortise and tenon joint is also inherited from the wooden building to the wooden furniture, and has become a classic in the traditional skills.

Classical Chinese wooden architecture is an example of the harmony between man and nature, and ancient wooden furniture can be said to be the epitome of wooden architecture, with a tenon and tenon structure that fits tightly without traces, implying the values and worldview of the ancients.

Classical furniture components and components are combined with mortise and tenon structures, and compete with each other under the force of different angles to produce occlusive force, thus shaping the solid and solid load-bearing capacity of the furniture, and from the appearance it seems to be neat and symmetrical, the strength is contained but not exposed, and the mutual restraint is balanced by the system; Rather than using metal objects such as copper skin and nails to maintain its sturdiness, it is full of a worldview that is made in harmony with nature in accordance with the nature of wood.

Mr. Wang Shixiang, an expert in furniture research in the Ming and Qing dynasties, once summarized in "Ming Style Furniture Research": "Traditional furniture uses standing wood as the pillar and horizontal wood as the connecting material, absorbing the style and technique of the large wooden frame and the door pedestal.

"Like houses and pedestals, the plan, longitudinal and horizontal sections of the furniture, with the exception of a few variants, are square. The square structure is variable and unstable, but because the traditional furniture uses the 'edge board', a variety of fir, tooth strips, tooth heads, corner teeth, short columns and mud dragging, etc., strengthen the stiffness of the node, force the angle to remain unchanged, fix the bracket, eliminate the defect of structural instability, and at the same time can also transfer the weight load to the legs and feet evenly and reasonably. ”

Legend has it that in the Spring and Autumn Period, in order to test whether his son was smart, Lu Ban made a toy that could be assembled and detached with 6 wooden strips and asked his son to open it. The son was busy all night and finally took it apart. This kind of toy is called Luban lock by later generations, also known as Kong Ming lock, don't stuffy stick, Liuzi Lianfang, Mo Naihe, difficult wood, etc.

In ancient China, as long as wood was used, whether it was a house, a door or window or a piece of furniture, no metal nails were used at all, and all the mortise and tenon joints could be connected up and down, left and right, and the thickness of the oblique and straight was reasonable, and all aspects were comprehensive.

The precision of the process and the tightness of the fastening are seamless.

It is widely used in columns, beams, bucket arches, etc. in traditional buildings, and is also applied to various joints of furniture.

The level of craftsmanship of ancient craftsmen can be clearly reflected through the mortise and tenon structure. Therefore, the mortise and tenon structure is the soul of the carpenter.

You can go to see the mortise and tenon joint this literary film, the film uses the cultural essence of traditional Chinese ancient architecture "mortise and tenon" to refer to the relationship between tradition and modernity, Chen Wenyuan, an expert in ancient architecture, is in awe of traditional culture, sometimes the rhythm of life is easy to make us ignore the most fundamental emotions, after all, the technological renewal is dazzling, feel the inheritance, feel the mortise and tenon joint is a stunning millennium of Chinese beauty!

The mortise and tenon structure is a combination of tenon and tenon, which is between more and less, high and low, and ? A clever combination with a short one, which effectively restricts the twisting between the pieces of wood in all directions, which is not possible with iron nail connections.

Mortise and tenon structure, ancient Chinese architecture with wood, bricks and tiles as the main building materials, wood frame structure as the main structural mode, by columns, beams, purlins and other main components of the construction, the nodes between the components to the mortise and tenon coincidence, forming a flexible framework.

The mortise and tenon joint is a very ingenious invention, this component connection method, so that the traditional Chinese wood structure has become a special flexible structure that surpasses the contemporary building frame, frame or rigid frame, which can not only bear a large load, but also allow a certain deformation, and offset a certain amount of seismic energy through deformation under the seismic load, and reduce the seismic response of the structure

We will now find that there is no carpenter master using mortise and tenon structure, many people feel that the current carpentry master is "stupid", unwilling and will not use the traditional mortise and tenon structure construction, many people begin to miss the traditional mortise and tenon structure, and even question the technical level of carpentry.

The furniture of mortise and tenon structure is the world cultural heritage of China's traditional furniture, and it is a miracle made by our decoration craftsmen for thousands of years, especially in the late Ming Dynasty, it has reached the peak of art.

In the world, if we say that our mortise and tenon technology level is second, it is estimated that no one dares to say first, it is so good. However, now it is missing in our lives, why don't the current carpenters continue to use the mortise and tenon structure decoration? Let's analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the mortise and tenon structure compared with the current decoration.

The first point. The mortise and tenon structure is a product of a specific period in ancient times. At that time, there were not many metal parts, and they were so expensive that the common people could not afford to use them. It was the preserve of the nobles and rulers, and the only iron tools of the common people were also used for farming, and the rulers were keen to use rare iron tools to make axes, hooks and forks, so as to expand their territory.

In this case, the carpenters only used their ingenuity to create a mortise and tenon structure suitable for furniture, and later continued to improve and enrich the form of the mortise and tenon structure.

The second point. The wood used in the ancient mortise and tenon structure is either high-density wood or high-grease wood, which has a long growth cycle and high density, and of course the wood grain structure is strong and not easy to crack. The original Huanghuali, sandalwood, ebony, iron wood, red sour branches, and even the nobles' exclusive golden silk nanmu, you now go to buy and try, to build a piece of furniture cost not to mention the top of a house, at least a high-end car is no problem. Just buying materials is bankrupt, let alone decorating.

What kind of wood is used now? Cheaper pine, fir, paulownia, poplar, rubberwood, etc., and slightly better walnut, beech, oak, fir, hemlock, beech, birch, etc. These timbers have a fast growth cycle and low density, which is not suitable for mortise and tenon structures.

The third point. The problem of decoration cost is, to put it bluntly, a question of how much money is. The mortise and tenon structure is complex, the accuracy of the size is extremely demanding, and the difficulty of mechanized production is very high, all of which must be completed by the carpenter's hands, which will seriously affect the decoration cycle, and finally lead to a sharp rise in decoration costs, which is unacceptable for us to live in this fast-paced era.

Fourth point. The mortise and tenon structure is art, and what we need is life. The mortise and tenon structure now belongs to the category of art, it is difficult to integrate into our daily life, a Huanghuali Taishi chair made of mortise and tenon, the cost of hundreds of thousands or even millions, are you for it? Or sitting? I don't dare to do it anyway, I'm afraid I can't afford to pay if I sit down.

Fifth point. Now the hardware connector is more in line with the technical requirements of decoration. Just imagine, if you use the current nails or hardware to connect the ancient rosewood, what will be the result? I make a bold guess that nine times out of ten it will be split, because the wood is too hard for the nails to smash into, if the carpenter comes to a bully to make a hard bow, the consequences are very simple, it is estimated that the carpenter will cry and faint in the toilet.

Sixth. If the furniture with mortise and tenon structure is broken, it is difficult to repair and the maintenance cost is high. Now the decoration is cost-effective, not blindly pursuing the mortise and tenon structure. Now some children's puzzle games have a mortise and tenon structure, playing a Luban lock at a time (some people call Kong Ming lock), but after dismantling it, it has not been able to assemble it, and the difficulty can be seen from this.

Point 7. The mortise and tenon joint structure is complex, and the training of professional carpenters has a long cycle. If the carpenter wants to learn the mortise and tenon structure, it is not two or three years to train, and now the carpentry is built by electric tools, the construction is factory, and many of the decoration sites are responsible for installation, generally 1 year can be proficient in construction technology, and the teacher is very fast. Unlike the mortise and tenon structure, which requires such a long training cycle, coupled with the difficulty of learning and the small market, many young carpenters are reluctant to learn the mortise and tenon structure, which is also an important factor affecting the development of the mortise and tenon structure.

As the traditional mortise and tenon structure should not disappear, we should not rest on our laurels, we need to closely combine the two, give full play to their respective advantages, develop their strengths and avoid weaknesses, and complement each other. Now some high-end furniture is still using a simple mortise and tenon structure, which makes the furniture have a high degree of integration, beautiful and good-looking, which is very in line with our aesthetic vision. For example, the most common mahogany furniture in our lives now, and some high-end furniture, still use the mortise and tenon structure.

Now carpentry does not use mortise and tenon structure, it is not that carpentry is "stupid", but that "the situation creates heroes" is the choice of carpentry to accept the times and follow the trend!

In ancient times, ordinary people could not afford to use these things, and at most there was a cabinet, a bed, a table, a few benches, and a full set of furniture that the richest man in the local area could afford.

A traditional carpenter craft full of Chinese wisdom, some people say that the mortise and tenon craft is the soul of China's traditional furniture craft. The protruding part is called "tenon", and the concave part is called "mao", and the whole piece of utensils is not connected by a nail or a trace of metal, and all of them are composed of mortise and tenon joints that are combined with concave and convex, and the mortise and tenon joints are occluded, so that the wood and the wood are perfectly connected.

Theoretically, the mortise and tenon joint in one direction will automatically loosen in more than ten years without interference. This is because the moisture contained in the wood is affected by the force of nature for a long time, just like the ebb and flow of the tide.

However, when the mortise and tenon structure is connected in different directions, the tensioning and loosening forces cancel each other out. When a mortise and tenon joint is like this, when countless mortise and tenon joints are combined, there will be a very complex and delicate balance, which will not fall off after thousands of years. This coincides with the philosophical principle of "Yin and Yang complement each other, and virtual and real coexist", which is not only the crystallization of Chinese wisdom, but also the continuation of Chinese culture.

The mortise and tenon craft can be said to be full of the great wisdom of the ancient Chinese, one yin and one yang, one profit and one loss, complementary symbiosis, and indispensable. Moreover, the mortise and tenon process also embodies the philosophy of "not doing things absolutely, not blocking the road", and the turning point is a live buckle, and the disassembly and assembly do not hurt the utensils.

Strict, intermittent, after thousands of years and existence, known as "the quintessence of China". In ancient times, craftsmen used the mortise and tenon structure to make each piece of wood penetrate and combine with each other to create a natural and seamless harmonious world.

In today's world, the richness of material life, the delicate expression of emotions, people's pursuit of high quality of life, the inheritance and development of the harmony and unity of traditional furniture culture and architecture and environment, these are well reflected in the buildings and furniture displayed in the mortise and tenon structure, and the cultural essence of Taoist thought has also been well interpreted in the connection structure of these concave and convex combinations.

Every ancient wooden house, after experiencing infinite wind, frost, rain and snow, every piece of wood in the house, and even the tenon and tenon of every piece of furniture seem to be still grateful for the existence of each other. Mao said to the tenon: grow old with the son. It is precisely because of the cooperation of "yin and yang complementarity, virtual and real" of tenon and tenon that wooden utensils can be accompanied by heaven and earth.

The mortise and tenon design of classical Chinese furniture is different from traditional handicrafts, such as jade carving, ivory carving, snuff inner painting pot, etc., which are completely skillful, decorated for the sake of decoration, and pleasing people's visual pleasure.

The design in the furniture must meet people's visual beauty, but also require scientific rationality to make it durable for a long time. This requires that each wood mortise and tenon must be accurately judged according to the shape combination of furniture, from the mechanical bearing capacity of each wood in the ancient carpentry master in many years of visual experience.

Traditional Chinese furniture has entered the peak of craftsmanship since the end of the Ming Dynasty. Since then, it has been passed down from generation to generation, and now traditional Chinese furniture culture has become part of the world cultural heritage. It is recognized all over the world and is fragrant for a long time.

The soul of traditional Chinese mahogany furniture is the mortise and tenon structure. The whole set of furniture and even the whole house do not use a single iron nail, but can be used for hundreds or even thousands of years, which is a miracle in the history of human light manufacturing. This traditional national craftsmanship is the reason why people at home and abroad are sought after.

The mortise and tenon structure means that the furniture cannot be disassembled, cannot be packaged in flat plates, and the entire furniture must be packed and transported upstairs;

The conclusion is basically correct, but the purpose of mortise and tenon joints is not to be disassembled, at least not at first. Proper mortise and tenon joints should be reversible, because the material properties of the wood itself must take into account the repair or replacement of parts.

For example, the wooden structure of the building can be disassembled.

The purpose of mortise and tenon is to link and stabilize and ensure strength.

Reasonable mortise and tenon joints are removable! The problem is that it is not possible for ordinary users to disassemble, because ordinary users do not understand the connection sequence of mortise and tenon joints, and in addition, they need to use tools. In the past, mortise and tenon joints also used glue, but animal glue was the mainstay. There are 2 kinds, one is fish bladder, which is boiled out of the bubbles of fish, and there is also pigskin glue.