Jiang Hanxuan sometimes discusses the guqin song "Alpine Flowing Water" with Han Yu, saying that it makes full use of fingering techniques such as "overtones, rolling, whisking, squeezing, note, up, and down" to depict the various dynamics of flowing water, and express the meaning of aiming for flowing water and enjoying water for wise men.

The first paragraph is the introductory part. The melody is constantly jumping and changing the pitch in a wide vocal range, and the faint finger shift and the real tone are alternated, and the melody is hidden and appearing. I still see the top of the high mountain, the clouds and mist are shrouded and uncertain.

The second and third sections are clear overtones, lively rhythms, like "the cold current of the secluded world; Clear and cold, the trickle of pine roots. "Listen quietly, and the feeling of pleasure arises spontaneously. The third segment is a repetition of an octave of the second segment, which omits the tail of the second segment.

The fourth and fifth stanzas are like a song-like melody, "its rhyme is melodious, like flowing clouds." ”

The sixth section begins with a melody of ups and downs, with large upshits and slides. Then the continuous "rolling, slow whisking" as the sound of running water, and above it played a rising and descending tone, the two cleverly combined, really like "the extremely boiling and surging view, with the image of the dragon's roar." Listen quietly, as if sitting on a dangerous boat across the Wu Gorge, dizzy, thrilling, several suspects that this body has been running in the mountains, when thousands of ravines are contending. (See the afterword to the Qing edition of Qin Xue Series: Flowing Water, 1910)

In the seventh section, the overtone group in the high-pitched area is beaded, first descending and then rising, and the sound momentum is greatly reduced, just like "the light boat has passed, and the momentum is like a feint, sometimes the aftermath is a rock, and sometimes the swirl is slightly wet." (Postscript to "Piano Studies: Flowing Water")

The eighth variation reproduces the previous song-like melody with the addition of new musical material. Slightly fast and powerful, the music is full of enthusiasm. The sound of flowing water at the end of the paragraph is recalled, which is evocative.

The ninth ode-like melody is evoked from low to upward, full of passion. At the end of the paragraph, the seed material from the fourth paragraph appears again, and finally ends on the palace tone.

The overtones of the epilogue make people immersed in the thoughts of "Yangyang, the hope of the ancient tune".

There is a guqin platform located at the west foot of Guishan Mountain, Hanyang District, Wuhan City, on the east side of the Moon Lake, and it is said that Yu Boya, the qin master of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, is here to express his nostalgia. Guqin Taidong faces Turtle Mountain, north of Moon Lake, the lake scenery reflects each other, the scenery is beautiful, quiet and pleasant.

The reason why "Mountains and Flowing Water" and the eternal story of the Boya Zhongzi period have been widely circulated for more than 2,000 years is because it contains profound Chinese cultural heritage. The ancient Chinese cultural spirit of "the unity of heaven and man" and "forgetting things and self" is fully reflected in this good story.

Zhu Quan's "Magical Secret Score" in the Ming Dynasty made a fine interpretation of this: "The two songs of "High Mountain" and "Flowing Water" are only one song. The original ambition is to care about the mountains, and the meaning of the benevolent people is happy with the mountains. Hou Zhi cares about flowing water, and the meaning of the wise man is happy with water. "The benevolent man enjoys the mountain, the wise man enjoys the water, "Alpine Flowing Water" contains the vastness of heaven and earth, the spiritual charm of mountains and rivers, and it can be described as the highest level of Chinese ancient music theme performance.

However, Boya's "Mountains and Flowing Water" piano music has not been handed down to the world, and future generations will not be able to appreciate the wonders of Boya's music. Therefore, although later generations continue to sing the story of "Mountains and Flowing Water", they are completely "yearning for it", and they have no personal experience of music.

Thinking that Na Boya must also be a proud and outstanding person, his qin music is high and low, and ordinary people naturally find it difficult to understand the subtlety of his music. That's why Boya feels lonely, and he will sigh that it is difficult to find a soulmate.

Jiang Hanxuan longed for the legendary four famous ancient Chinese pianos, including the "Horn Bell" of Qi Huangong, the "Winding Beam" of King Chuzhuang, the "Green Qi" of Sima Xiangru and the "Jiaowei" of Cai Yong.

"Horn Bell" is the famous piano of the Zhou Dynasty. The sound of this piano is so loud that it is like a bell ringing and a horn ringing for a long time, which is deafening. Legend has it that the outstanding ancient pianist Boya once played the "Horn Bell" harp.

Later, the "bell" was passed to the hands of Qi Huangong. Duke Huan of Qi was a wise monarch of the Qi State and was well versed in music and rhythm. At that time, he collected many famous instruments, but he especially cherished this "bell" instrument. He once ordered his subordinates to beat the horns of the ox and sing to help the music, and he himself played the "trumpet bell" to echo it. The sound of the horn and the song were poignant, and the "trumpet bell" played a sad melody, which moved the waiters on both sides to tears.

"Winding the beam" has the saying "the aftermath of the beam, three days endlessly". Its language originates from a story in "Liezi": During the Zhou Dynasty, the famous Korean female singer Han E went to Qi and ran out of money and food when she passed by Yongmen, so she had no choice but to sing and beg for food. Her mournful song echoed in the air, like a lonely goose. Three days after Han E's departure, her singing still reverberates between the beams of the house, which is unforgettable.

The name of the piano is "winding beam", which shows the characteristics of the timbre of this piano, and it must be a continuous aftersound. It is said that "Winding Liang" was a gift from a man named Hua Yuan to the king of Chuzhuang, and the age of its production is unknown. Since King Chuzhuang got the "winding beam", he played the piano and made music all day long, and reveled in the piano music.

Once, King Chuzhuang did not go to court for seven consecutive days, leaving all the major national affairs behind. Princess Fan Ji was extremely anxious, and persuaded King Chuzhuang: "King, you are too immersed in music! In the past, Xia Wei loved Yu Xi Zhise, and caused the disaster of killing; The king misheard the sound of the delight, and lost the country. Now, the king is so fond of the 'Liangliang' piano that he is not in court for seven days, is he willing to lose his country and his life? ”

King Chuzhuang fell into deep thought when he heard this. He couldn't resist the temptation of "winding the beam", so he had to endure the pain of cutting his love, and ordered someone to beat the piano with Tie Ruyi, and the body of the piano was broken into several sections. Since then, the famous piano "Winding Beam", which is envied by tens of thousands of people, has never sounded.

"Luqi" is a piano played by Sima Xiangru, a famous literati in the Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru originally came from a poor family with four walls, but his poetry was extremely famous. King Liang asked him to make a gift, and he wrote a "jade endowment" as a gift. This is a magnificent rhetoric and an extraordinary charm. King Liang was extremely happy, so he gave back his collection of "Luqi" piano.

"Luqi" is a famous piano, and there is an inscription in the piano that says "Tongzi Hejing", that is, the essence of the combination of paulownia wood and catalpa wood. It is like getting "green Qi", like getting a treasure. His exquisite piano skills and the wonderful timbre of "Lu Qi" made the "Lu Qi" famous for a while. Later, "Luqi" became another name for the guqin.

Once, Sima Xiangru visited a friend, and the rich and wealthy King Sun set up a banquet to entertain him. When the wine was in full swing, everyone said: "I heard that you play 'Luqi' very well, please play a song, let my generation feast on it." ”

Xiangru had long heard that Wenjun, the daughter of King Zhuo, was talented and proficient in the piano, and admired him very much. Sima Xiangru played the piano song "Phoenix Seeking Phoenix" and courted her. After listening to the piano, Wen Jun understood the meaning of the piano song, and couldn't help blushing and being fascinated. She fell in love with the literary talent, and in order to reward the "bosom friend encounter", she went to the residence of Xiangru at night to conclude a good relationship. Since then, Sima Xiangru pursued Wenjun with the qin, which has been rumored to be a good story for the ages.

"Jiaowei" is a piano made by Cai Yong, a famous writer and musician in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When Cai Yong was "dying in the rivers and seas and going to Wuhui from afar", he once rescued a section of plane wood that had not been burned out and had an abnormal sound in the fire.

According to the length and shape of the wood, he made a lyre, and sure enough, the sound was extraordinary. Because there are still scorch marks left at the end of the piano, it is named "scorched tail".

"Jiaowei" is famous all over the world for its pleasant timbre and unique manufacturing method. At the end of the Han Dynasty, after Cai Yong was brutally killed, the "Jiaowei" qin was still well preserved in the royal inner library. More than 300 years later, during the reign of Emperor Qi Ming, in order to appreciate the superhuman piano skills of the guqin master Wang Zhaoxiong, he specially ordered someone to take out the "Jiaowei" piano that had been stored for many years and play it for Wang Zhongxiong.

Wang Zhongxiong played it continuously for five days and improvised "Song of Regret" to dedicate to Emperor Ming. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Fengnian, a native of Kunshan, still collected the "Jiaowei" piano made by Cai Yong.

Compared with the other three qins, the name of the "Jiaowei" piano is straightforward, but its life experience is extraordinary, all of which were created by Cai Yong, a famous person in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Jiang Hanxuan still remembers that the first time he learned the guqin, he was taught by his uncle Wang Peng himself. His uncle told him that the guqin score was first recorded in words, that is, the text score. Notation is a notation method that uses words to describe the fingerings, string sequences and phonemes of the guqin.

The only existing text spectrum in our country is "Jieshi Tune Youlan", which was passed down by Qiu Ming in the Liang Dynasty of the Six Dynasties, and the original spectrum was a hand-copied volume of the Tang Dynasty. Due to the complexity of the text notation and the inconvenience of use, it was reduced by the pianist Cao Rou in the Tang Dynasty and developed into a subtractive character notation.

Today we can see the guqin score, also known as the minus word notation, according to legend for the late Tang Dynasty Cao Rou invention, the subtraction of the word notation is generally four parts, the upper part of the record of the left finger, the lower record of the right finger, the upper left for the left hand to press the strings with the fingers, the upper right for the emblem, the lower outside for the right fingers, the inside for the playing, press the strings.

There are also sequels and annotations in the subtractive notation, which are generally used to mark subtle changes in sound. However, due to the inability to record the duration of each note, a large number of pieces have been lost. There are more than 150 guqin scores, including more than 3,000 guqin songs.

Jiang Hanxuan stroked the seven strings of the guqin with his young palm:

One string belongs to the earth for the palace. Saturn divides the four seasons. The chord is the largest. With eighty-one branches. The voice is heavy and respectful. Therefore, it is said to be a king.

The second string belongs to gold as a quotient. Venus should be the festival of autumn. Next to the palace. Seventy-two threads are used for the strings. I can decide. Therefore, it is said to be a minister.

The three strings belong to the wood for the horns. Jupiter's Spring Festival. The strings are made of sixty-four filaments. Touched for it. Therefore, it is said to be for the people. It is humbled to be under the king's ministers. Therefore, the three strings and the lower eight are also for this.

The four strings belong to fire. Mars celebrates the summer festival. Strings with fifty-four filaments. All things are beautiful. That's why it's a thing.

The five strings belong to the water as the feather. Mercury is the festival of winter. The strings are made of forty-eight filaments. Gather the appearance of pure things. Therefore, it is said to be a thing.

The six-string Wensheng is the main young palace. Wen Xingrou responded to rigidity. It is also added by King Wen.

The seven-string martial arts master Shaoshang. Wu Xing just responded to the softness. It is added by the warrior king.

Wang Peng asked Jiang Hanxuan to put the piano on the table, plucked the strings with his right hand, and pressed the strings with his left hand to make sounds. There are many guqin techniques, there are more than 1,000 kinds in ancient times, and there are only dozens of fingering methods commonly used today, such as wiping, picking, hooking, ticking, beating, picking, breaking, and supporting (i.e., "right hand eight***** dialing, chopping, pinching, locking, such as one, rolling, whisking, double playing, etc., the left hand up, down, advancing and removing, retreating, groaning, stinging, gang, kneeling fingers, pulling up, bringing up, claw up, bumping, pulling, full support, half support, gong, hook, turning fingers, soling and so on.

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