Guqin commonly used in the five strings, slow three strings, tight five slow and other tunes.

Its expressiveness is particularly rich and mellow, using different playing techniques, can play a lot of artistic expression characteristics, its loose sound (empty string sound) is loud, rich, macro like a copper bell, overtones are transparent like beads, rich and colorful, due to different sound areas and differences. The treble is light and crisp, like a bell in the wind, and the midrange is bright and sonorous, like striking a jade chime.

The sound is solid, also called "real tone", and the timbre of each sound area is also different, the bass area is thick and powerful, the middle range is grand and wide, and the high range is crisp and slender.

The various portamentos in the press note are soft as a song, and also have a deep and detailed expressiveness.

One string belongs to the earth for the palace. Saturn divides the four seasons. The chord is the largest. With eighty-one branches. The voice is heavy and respectful. Therefore, it is said to be a king.

The second string belongs to gold as a quotient. Venus should be the festival of autumn. Next to the palace. Seventy-two threads are used for the strings. I can decide. Therefore, it is said to be a minister.

The three strings belong to the wood for the horns. Jupiter's Spring Festival. The strings are made of sixty-four filaments. Touched for it. Therefore, it is said to be for the people. It is humbled to be under the king's ministers. Therefore, the three strings and the lower eight are also for this.

The four strings belong to fire. Mars celebrates the summer festival. Strings with fifty-four filaments. All things are beautiful. That's why it's a thing.

The five strings belong to the water as the feather. Mercury is the festival of winter. The strings are made of forty-eight filaments. Gather the appearance of pure things. Therefore, it is said to be a thing.

Common fingering of the guqin:

The right fingering method is mainly for breaking, supporting, wiping, picking, hooking, ticking, beating, picking and different combinations, such as: wheel, lock, stacking, pinching, rolling, whisking, calendar, double spring, rounding, etc.

There are two main types of left finger method: press and portamento. There are kneeling, bringing up, banging, pushing, clawing, pinching, and singing in unison. Glissandos include groaning, slashing, colliding, calling, advancing and reversing, retreating, and separating.

The guqin should be placed with the wide head facing to the right, the narrow head facing to the left, the thinnest line facing itself, and the emblem point and the thickest string on the opposite side.

The shaft of the guqin, that is, the wide end, is to be suspended outside the right side of the table.

The guqin has a beautiful shape, and the common ones are Fuxi style, Shennong style, etc. It is mainly differentiated according to the item of the body and the shape of the waist. The lacquer has broken lines, which is a sign of the ancient age of the guqin.

Due to the vibration of long-term performance and the difference between wood and lacquer bottom, a variety of broken lines can be formed, such as plum blossom breaks, cow hair breaks, snake belly breaks, ice cracks, turtle lines, etc. The piano with broken lines has a clear sound and beautiful appearance, so it is more precious.

The ancient famous pianos include Luqi, Jiaowei, Spring Thunder, Bingqing, the Great Sage's Relic, Jiuxiao Huanpei and so on.

The structure of the guqin is extremely exquisite, and the qin is generally about 3 feet 6 inches 5 inches long, symbolizing 365 days in a year. It is generally about six inches wide and about two inches thick. The lower part of the body is flat, and the upper part is arc-shaped and convex, symbolizing heaven and earth respectively, corresponding to the ancient saying that the sky is round and the place is in harmony.

The overall shape is made according to the shape of the phoenix body, and its whole body corresponds to the phoenix body, which can also be said to correspond to the human body, with a head, neck, shoulders, waist, tail, and feet.

The guqin has five strings, the inner combination of five elements, metal, wood, water, fire, earth, the outer combination of five tones, palace, Shang, horn, Zheng, Yu (later King Wen was imprisoned in the Jinli, missing his son Bo Yi Kao, adding a string, is for the Wen string; King Wu fell, adding a string, is for the martial string. Collectively known as the Wenwu lyre).

The upper part of the "headstock" is called the forehead. The lower end of the forehead is inlaid with hardwood with strings, called "Yueshan", also known as "Linyue", and is the highest part of the qin.

There are two sound grooves at the bottom of the piano, the larger one in the middle is called "Dragon Pond", and the smaller one in the tail is called "Fengnuma".

This is called going up the mountain and going down, and there are dragons and phoenixes, symbolizing all the things in heaven and earth. There is a strip of hardwood on the forehead side of the mountain, which is called "Chenglu". There are seven "string eyes" on it, which are used to tie the strings. There are seven "pianos" for tuning. At the side end of the headstock, there are "phoenix eyes" and "guards". From the waist down, it is called the "tail". The tail is inlaid with a shallow grooved hardwood "gum" to set the strings. The trim on both sides of the gum is called the "crown horn", also known as the "scorched tail".

Wandering on the seven strings from the exposed part, through the Yue Mountain, the dragon gum, turn to the bottom of the pair of "goose feet", symbolizing the seven stars.

In the belly of the piano, there are two dark grooves on the head, one is a "tongue point", one is a "sound pool", and one is a "Nayin" There is also a dark groove at the end, which is called "Yunnuma". Corresponding to the dragon pond and the phoenix swamp, there is often a "Nayin" for each.

There is a "heavenly pillar" on the head side of Longchi Nayin, and an "earth pillar" on the tail side. When the voice is spoken, "the voice wants to come out and is narrow, and it lingers, but there is an aftertaste."

Because the piano does not have a "fret" or "yard", it is very easy to play flexibly, and it has the characteristics of particularly long effective strings, large amplitude of strings, and long aftersounds, so it has its unique hand sound.

In terms of structure, the structure of each part of the piano is very reasonable. Its size is not too large, it is not small, it is easy to carry, and it is square and elegant.

There is a heart to taste the piano, and its shape is enough to make people happy.

From the naming of the various parts of the qin, it can also be seen that the qin system was influenced by Confucianism.

The front of the piano is wide and the back is narrow, symbolizing the difference between respect and inferiority. The five strings of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu symbolize the five social levels of king, subject, people, affairs and things (the sixth and seventh strings added later are called Wen and Wu, and the two strings symbolize the unity of the monarch and the minister). The thirteen emblems symbolize the month of December, and the largest emblem in the center represents the leap month.

Guqin has three kinds of timbres: overtone, scattered sound and press tone, the overtone method of heaven, the sound of the earth, and the legal person of the sound, which symbolizes the harmony of heaven, earth and man respectively.

The symbolic meaning of the names of these guqin forms reflects the Chinese people's idea of ritual music and the harmony they attach importance to.

Because the role of etiquette is to protect the individual, so that the personality can be brought into play, and the role is to harmonize with the group.

The combination of ritual and music can make individuals and groups reconcile with each other, forming a peaceful and reasonable life between people.

Therefore, the implementation of these two sets of ostensibly opposite skills of ritual music is actually to achieve the purpose of complementing each other. From the names of the social order and hierarchy borrowed from the naming of the guqin system, it can be seen that the production form has the deep meaning of educating people.

Guqin notation refers to the process of playing the music according to the score.

Since the score does not directly record the musical notes, but only the string positions and fingerings, the rhythm has a large room for flexibility.

Therefore, the scorer must be familiar with the general rules and performance techniques of the music, figure out the mood of the music, and recreate it, so as to reproduce the original appearance of the original music.

Scoring is very time-consuming, so the piano industry uses "three years for big songs, three months for small songs" to describe this process.

In the long historical stage of ancient society, the guqin has always been regarded as the only way for literati to cultivate their self-cultivation.

Because of its pure, harmonious, light and elegant musical character, it embodies the arrogant and otherworldly mentality of the literati, and ranks first among the arts.

"The piano is lovely, and the piano is forbidden. ”

Because of its elegant charm contains rich and profound cultural connotations, it has been a favorite utensil in the hands of Chinese people for thousands of years.

The special identity makes qin music a form of music with high cultural attributes in the whole Chinese music structure.

"Harmony and elegance" and "lightness" are the aesthetic tastes flaunted and pursued by qin music, and "the purpose outside the taste, the rhyme outside the rhyme, and the sound outside the strings" are the essence of the far-reaching artistic conception of qin music.

The charm of the guqin is quiet and elegant, and in order to achieve such an artistic conception, it is required that the player must combine the external environment with the peaceful and leisurely inner state of mind, so as to achieve the artistic realm of the harmony of heart and object and the unity of people and piano pursued in the qin song.

Guqin is regarded as a representative of "Chinese Zhengsheng" and "vowel music".

Whenever the literati were depressed, they usually chose to enter the Tao and draw their attention from the chaotic outside world back to the rich heart, to be at ease, to be affectionate with the mountains and rivers, and to get close to the vast nature.

As one of the ways of self-cultivation, Fuqin has made the literati of all generations intoxicated and relieved. This is just as the Taoist people said: "Things have ups and downs, but the guqin has not changed; the taste is good, and this is not strong, it can guide the spirit, declare harmony and sentiment, and those who are poor and lonely are not boring, and they are not close to the sound."

If it is too old to be insufficient, then the chant will be wanton, and if the chant is insufficient, it will be sent to the broad meaning."

In the simple, low, quiet and distant sound of the guqin, the player moves from restlessness to silence and then forgets about things.

The reason why the guqin art can be unique and highly respected, in addition to the "best qin morality", but also because of its musical characteristics can conform to nature, intriguing, in line with the Chinese culture to pursue the artistic conception, advocating the inner and implicit characteristics, it contains the core of the Chinese national cultural spirit, embodies the virtue of the ancients of self-cultivation and enlightenment, and has become an important way and means of personality cultivation and spiritual sublimation.

The sound of the guqin, both pure and elegant, but also clear and far-reaching, elegant, happy but not lewd, sad but not sad, resentful but not angry, gentle and generous, the form is peaceful, no fault, "the piano is the instrument, virtue is in it", the piano is to let the literate people pursue for a lifetime.

Guqin music is an art with a profound historical and cultural background, and it attracts people's infinite yearning and pursuit with its elegant qualities of multiple beauties.

In an era when people's hearts are prone to impetuousness, there is an urgent need for such tranquil and peaceful music as the guqin, so that people's hearts can settle down and be quiet, and return to the rich spiritual world in their inner nature.