-- "Getting rid of poverty: the basic skills of cadres - close contact with the people" and other articles

■Interpretation

In life, it is inevitable to encounter all kinds of difficulties. In society as a whole, the proportion of people in difficulty may not be large; But when it comes to a person or a family, the difficulty is 100% difficult. Therefore, for social governance, in order to let the masses live and work in peace and contentment, the most important thing is to solve the immediate difficulties of the masses. When Comrade Xi Jinping met with Chinese and foreign journalists for the first time after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he emphasized that "the people's yearning for a better life is our goal", which includes "better education, more stable jobs, more satisfactory incomes, more reliable social security, higher levels of medical and health services, more comfortable living conditions, and a more beautiful environment". "The way to reassure the people lies in observing their suffering", if they only say that they serve the people, but they can't observe their sufferings in action, if they only write about the people's livelihood in the document, but they can't benefit the people's livelihood in policy formulation, then they can't understand where the people's woes and worries are, and they will only pay lip service but not to the truth, how can we talk about the people's governance? Let alone win the hearts and minds of the people? As long as we understand and handle the people's woes well, and "remove the people's troubles as if they were to get rid of the diseases of the heart," and as long as we can truly represent the fundamental interests of the people, we will be able to attract and unite millions of people around us and gather together powerful forces for building the country and rejuvenating the nation.

■Original text

The only way to reassure the people is to reassure the people, and the way to reassure the people is to observe their suffering. …… However, there is still one thing for the people who are sick, and it is also necessary to bring money and food. The so-called levy bearers will be in arrears for many years, with points, and the same annual money and food, together with the levy. …… In addition, now that the law has been tested, the public and private accumulation, there is quite a surplus, that is, this accumulation, there is no damage at the beginning of the national endowment, and the anointing Ze is in harmony with Li Shu, the ode is overflowing in the world, the people's hearts are consolidated, the state is ben Jining, and the way of long-term peace and long-term governance is not convenient for this, and the holy judgment of Fu begs is implemented.

——(Ming) Zhang Juzheng, "Please accumulate to settle the people's livelihood"

■Definition

"The key to governing the government lies in reassuring the people, and the way to reassure the people lies in observing their suffering", which is the application of Zhang Juzheng's phrase "the key to reasoning, but only in the way of reassuring the people, and the way to reassure the people, is to observe their suffering". To: Achieve, achieve. To: Critical. It means that the key to achieving national stability is to enable the people to live and work in peace and contentment; And in order for the people to live and work in peace and contentment, it is necessary to be aware of their suffering. Zhang Juzheng's view inherited and developed Confucian populism.

In the tenth year of Wanli (1582), Zhang Juzheng submitted to Mingshenzong "Please accumulate money to settle the people's livelihood", asking for a nationwide stop collecting money and grain, and no longer pursue the part owed by the people. 蠲 (juā

): remove, exempt. 瀋 (bū): Tired money and grain. The money and grain levied "will be in arrears for many years, with points, and the money and grain of the same year, together with the collection", and even if the people encounter a good year, the harvest of grain is only enough to pay the money and grain of the year; In the event of a disaster year, it will inevitably be impossible to pay the full amount in that year. And those who levy money and grain, in order to pay the money and grain to the imperial court, "often see the year of the levy (

uó) as the number of levies, called the completion of the old debt, in fact, the reduction of the new income". And so year after year, the people will owe more and more money and food, and they will eventually be unable to bear it. Zhang Juzheng proposed a specific solution: only need to pay the amount due in the current year, and no longer make up the arrears of previous years. This not only lightens the burden of the people, but also alleviates the associated ills of the officials. And said that "the way to long-term peace and long-term governance, there is no one who is convenient for this".