The construction of ecological civilization is a revolutionary change involving the mode of production, lifestyle, way of thinking and values.

Such changes must rely on institutions and the rule of law. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that on the issue of ecological and environmental protection, it is necessary not to take a step beyond the thunder pool, otherwise it should be punished.

Only the implementation of the strictest system and the strictest rule of law can provide a reliable guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization.

At present, most of the outstanding problems in China's ecological and environmental protection are related to imperfect systems, imperfect mechanisms, and incomplete rule of law.

It is necessary to take institutional construction as the top priority in promoting the construction of ecological civilization, accelerate the reform of the ecological civilization system, and strive to break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the construction of ecological civilization.

To deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system, it is necessary to establish the four pillars of the ecological civilization system as soon as possible, and put the construction of ecological civilization into the track of institutionalization and rule of law.

The "Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System", which was presided over by General Secretary Xi Jinping, clearly focuses on the eight systems, and accelerates the establishment of an ecological civilization system with clear property rights, multiple participation, equal emphasis on incentives and constraints, and a complete system.

It is necessary to build a property rights system for natural resource assets with clear ownership, clear rights and responsibilities, and effective supervision, and strive to solve the problems of natural resource owners not being in place and the boundaries of ownership being blurred.

Construct a land space development and protection system based on spatial planning and with use control as the main means, and strive to solve the problems of excessive occupation of high-quality cultivated land and ecological space, ecological damage, and environmental pollution caused by disorderly development, overdevelopment, and scattered development.

Construct a spatial planning system with spatial governance and spatial structure optimization as the main content, and a national unified, interconnected, and hierarchical management system, and strive to solve the problems of overlapping and conflicting spatial planning, overlapping and duplicative responsibilities of departments, and sudden changes in local planning.

We should build a comprehensive, scientific, standardized, and strict management system for total resource management and comprehensive conservation, and strive to solve the problems of serious waste of resource use and low utilization efficiency.

Construct a system of paid use of resources and ecological compensation that reflects market supply and demand and resource scarcity, reflects natural value and intergenerational compensation, and strives to solve the problems of low prices of natural resources and their products, production and development costs lower than social costs, and unreasonable returns for ecological protection.

Construct an environmental governance system guided by improving environmental quality, unified supervision, strict law enforcement, and multi-party participation, and strive to solve the problems of weak pollution prevention and control capabilities, overlapping regulatory functions, inconsistent rights and responsibilities, and low costs for violations.

Build a market system that uses more economic levers for environmental governance and ecological protection, and strive to solve the problems of lagging development of market entities and market systems, and low social participation.

Construct an ecological civilization performance evaluation and accountability system that fully reflects resource consumption, environmental damage and ecological benefits, and strive to solve the problems of incomplete development performance evaluation, inadequate implementation of responsibility, and lack of accountability for damage.

Practice has proved that the key to whether or not ecological environmental protection can be implemented lies in the leading cadres. Behind some major ecological and environmental incidents, there are problems of irresponsibility and inaction of leading cadres, problems of weak awareness of environmental protection in some localities, failure to perform duties, and lack of strict implementation, and problems of law enforcement and supervision of relevant environmental protection departments not in place and insufficient coercive force.

This requires the implementation of the responsibility system for the construction of ecological civilization during the tenure of leading cadres, the implementation of the audit of natural resource assets after leaving office, and the earnest implementation of the principles of law and regulations, objectivity and fairness, scientific identification, consistency of power and responsibility, and lifelong accountability; In view of the responsibilities in decision-making, implementation, and supervision, clarify the circumstances under which leading cadres at all levels are held accountable; Leading cadres who are responsible for causing damage to the ecological environment must be held accountable, regardless of whether they have been transferred, promoted, or retired.

The most crucial thing is that party committees and governments at all levels attach great importance to and strengthen leadership, and discipline inspection and supervision organs, organization departments, and relevant government supervision departments should fulfill their responsibilities, form a joint force, and pursue their responsibilities to the end.