Chapter 43 Appendix and Conspiracy
What does the so-called "attachment" mean in article writing? For example, when writing an article, whether it is planned before the draft or adjudicated after the draft, when coordinating or reviewing the whole article, there should be a coherent beginning and end, a careful selection and consideration, taboo restrictions, and rational positioning, so that the words, chapters and sentences and their paragraph levels can be expressed in an orderly manner in terms of overall structure, rather than chaotic and chaotic.
Regarding the "annex" in the creation of the article, if we use the analogy of building a house, it is the drawing before building a house, or the main body frame structure that must be built first when building a house; If we use the analogy of cutting clothes, it is a question of how to stitch and sew after being cut according to the body or the required style.
In the process of literary creation, according to specific needs and personal talents, the genre of the article should be selected first, and once the style and format to be used are determined, then it is necessary to take feelings and aspirations as the brain, intentions and facts as the marrow, rhetoric and literary style as the skin, and tone and rhythm as the honor, that is, similar to a doctor's dialectical treatment of fiction and reality, and like a painter to mix colors and paintings, and just like a musician to create harmonious and pleasant music, it is necessary to achieve a relaxed and pleasant ideal effect through careful comparison and through the trade-offs. In fact, the whole process of "attaching to the association" like this is also a common law that all artistic creations must follow.
As an organic whole, the article is like a tree full of life, from top to bottom, not only with branches, but also with intertwined roots. If we analyze the reason why it is tall and lush, it is actually that "the root has the end" and "the stem has the main and the second". That is to say, all the stumps and complicated branches and leaves on the tree must be attached to the main root, otherwise it will be useless, and it will be difficult to survive for a long time without the root. Therefore, the so-called postscript, also known as the "postscript meeting", is to follow some established article style format, on the basis of referring to a certain type of classic example in the past, it is necessary to make the new creative style of reasoning and style closely around the theme and idea formulated in advance, just like the tree must be around the trunk of the tree.
In "Zhou Yi • Under the Resignation", there is a sentence "The world is the same but different, the same and the hundred considerations." Moral warning. If it is implemented in literary creation activities, it means that the words and phrases in the article, no matter how complicated the emotions contained and expressed, must be prioritized and prioritized, and the cart cannot be reversed; In the same way, no matter how rich and colorful the rhetoric is, it cannot be grandiose and dominate. So how do you get to this point? This must be like what Cui Chuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty said in "Da Zhi", we must follow the principle of "supporting the yang to come out and enter with the yin." Spring is in full bloom, and autumn is actually harvested. "The laws of nature. That is to say, in the overall structure, we must not only follow the trend of the times, but also be consistent from the outside to the inside, and we need to have a beginning and an end. This is the specific method that should be followed in the "annex" of the article. As for how to deal with the relationship between the details and the central topic as harmoniously and perfectly as possible in the article, in this regard, it is necessary to point out as pointed out in Huainanzi Shuo Lin Xun that "the painter is cautious and loses his appearance, and the shooter is small and leaves the big behind", the main purpose of which is not to be overly carved into details, or blindly pursue technical perfection, which will lead to unrecognizable or completely lose the goal; On the other hand, it should be like Confucianism's advocacy of "believing in the ruler of the inch, and being small and straight." The central meaning of "looking straight for the ruler in vain, if it is possible", is to dare to be informal, the courage to sacrifice local interests, to win the ideal and beautiful overall results. These are the two principles that must be clarified in the whole planning of the article.
Since ancient times, all articles and books have always varied in style and format, and they are even more complex in terms of content and ideas. As far as the planning of a certain article is concerned, if it is monotonous and uniform in terms of overall form or specific content, its words must give people the impression of being boring and boring; If it is broad and profound, its sentences must be varied and verbose; If you write in a hasty manner, there will be omissions and regrets; If the hesitation is slow to become a plan, it is easy to make mistakes and turn into disasters. In addition, between people, not only are they different in temperament and talent, but also in their thoughts and concepts. When writing an article, some people are particularly good at echoing from beginning to end, while others have the habit of progressing layer by layer. However, on the whole, there are fewer writers who take into account the rigor of the overall structure, and only focus on the beginning and end or the cohesion between paragraphs. In fact, once the overall structure of the article is not rigorous, there will inevitably be discontinuity of the topic ideas, which will lead to the disorder of the whole text. This is like the human body has a bad vein, and there will definitely be a scorched body. On the contrary, if the article can take into account the whole, and be smooth and consistent, there will definitely be a seamless integration of the meaning and charm of the word. This will be like the glue glue glued to the wood, and the beans of the ancestors and gods, so be sure to respect the yellow tone.
Normally, like the four horses in the driver's house, although their strength is different, the six reins of the car, as long as they can be as harmonious as plucking the strings, can make the vehicle move forward and backward freely. However, the key to the fact that the two wheels of the carriage can move forward and retreat in unison is that the axles run through them. Therefore, all the tricks and spells of article creation are similar to driving a vehicle, and once the pen is in hand, it is like manipulating the reins of a carriage, advancing and retreating rapidly, and making trade-offs, and can never be separated from the dominant position and decisive significance of the "axis".
It is not difficult for those who are well versed in the status and value of "annexation" in the creation of articles, and it is not difficult to understand that "attachment" is like the liver and gallbladder of the human body, which ensures the health of the body by regulating the five flavors of food. In fact, if you don't understand the importance of "annexation" to article writing, it is like not understanding that there are thousands of differences in life and customs between Beihu and South Vietnam.
In addition, even if you understand the value and significance of "attachment" in article writing, how to improve this specific ability? What is the key point of "attached" in article writing? Some confusions and questions like this are also thorny questions that ordinary article writers usually "empathize with". In this regard, there is a sentence that can be summed up better, that is, "it is difficult to change a chapter to make an article, and it is difficult to change words than to pronoun a sentence", that is, if you modify an article, sometimes it is more difficult than writing a new one; If you deliberately change a word in an article, it is often more troublesome than rewriting a sentence. Practical examples like this are not uncommon. For example, in the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered Zhang Tang (?-116 BC when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a cool official Du Lingren) to draft a chapter, but it was repeatedly returned; In the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty, Yu Song (Cao Wei official Shumao Chen Liuren) was reprimanded many times for being commissioned to conceive a chapter table. The main reason for this is that the rationale is not clear enough, or the overall language is not coherent enough. However, the former rewrote the manuscript for Zhang Tang through Ni Kuan, while the latter Zhong Hui replaced five words for Yu Song. As a result, one was finally praised by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the other was the most satisfactory to Sima Shi. At the root of it, it goes without saying, if it is not for the reason to become prominent and distinct, it must be after the words and sentences have been modified, like the finishing touch. It can be seen from this that the clumsiness of the "postscript meeting" is not only different from person to person, but also far from person to person, and the slightest mistake is thousands of miles, which is really not to be underestimated. Therefore, in the middle of article writing, the end of the pen and the sentence are broken, like a boat rocking; And sticking to reason and polishing the rhetoric is just like holding the reins and waving a whip. Like these joints, they are not only to ensure the smooth and safe operation and start and end, but also to ensure the ultimate realization of the direction and goal.
Needless to say, if an article is majestic and magnificent at the beginning, but the sentences and paragraphs connected in it are far-fetched and haggard, then during the reading period, it will inevitably give people a sense of obscurity or suffocation, and the whole article is doomed to be poor and overshadowed in the final effect. In this case, just like the "Ninety-Fourth" in the forty-third "Hexagram of Zhou Yi", "the buttocks have no skin, and their lines are numerous." (To the effect that his buttocks were injured and he lost his flesh and staggered when he walked.) Therefore, as this sentence emphasizes, any local defect, especially a discrepancy in key parts, will inevitably affect the overall image, trends, and results. Therefore, when writing an article, it is important to take into account the style of the whole article, and the beginning and end should not only echo each other from afar, but also run through smoothly, and on the whole, it must be consistent from the outside to the inside. This article emphasizes the essential meaning of "second-membership", which is nothing more than that.
All in all: the article is planned to focus on the whole article, and it is difficult to connect the beginning and the end; Even if you have thousands of thoughts, don't forget the thread in your heart. The roots are deep and the leaves are lush and the trunk is strong, and the fast horse whip does not deviate; The eight tones are harmonious and "Tao" is beautiful, and the spirit runs through Changhong's "De" chapter.