1: Necessary essay materials for the deeds of social hot figures

The relatively easy to write an argumentative essay in the college entrance examination Chinese essay is an argumentative essay, and what everyone lacks most when writing an argumentative essay is typical and novel composition materials. The following "Necessary Composition Materials for the Deeds of Social Hot Figures" compiled by the editor of the high school network is for your reference only.

The essence of the college entrance examination essay material

High school argumentative essay universal material

A complete collection of high school Chinese composition materials

Universal material for Chinese composition in the college entrance examination

【Part 1】Bicycle sharing needs to be co-managed

At the two sessions, bicycle sharing became a small hot spot. Li Xiaopeng, Minister of Transport, said that bicycle sharing is a model innovation, and it is necessary to actively encourage and support it, and work together to develop well. From the profit model and market prospect to the impact of the traditional bicycle industry, from whether it belongs to the sharing economy to civilized and safe vehicles...... After the popularity of shared bicycles, it can be said to have sparked a national discussion.

【Part 2】Feel cultural confidence from the "taste of China".

There are thousands of joys in life, and for many post-90s generations like me, food is a different color in life. By chance, I participated in the production of CCTV's "Taste of China" program, and together with many peers who love food like me, I traced the traces of Chinese cuisine in the long river of 5,000 years of traditional culture and felt the inheritance of Chinese taste.

【Part 3】Ensuring educational equity with "precise irrigation".

In four years, 1,824 counties have passed the education supervision and evaluation. A few days ago, the Ministry of Education released the "2016 National Compulsory Education Balanced Development Supervision and Evaluation Work Report". Behind the numbers, what stands out is the advancement of educational equity. Since 2013, when the state launched the supervision, evaluation and identification of counties and districts with a basic balance in the development of compulsory education, more than sixty percent of counties (districts and cities) in China have achieved a basic balance in education development. More rural children have the same educational resources as urban children.

[Chapter 4] Subtract her daughter's fingers, not to mention "child abuse"

According to the Southeast Morning Post, on the evening of March 8, Xiaolian, a 12-year-old girl, ran away from home after being threatened by her mother, and she went to an electronics factory to find a job, but the factory manager found Xiaolian with scars, and the factory leader called the police. In front of the police, Xiaolian told about how she was abused by her mother, and her mother scolded Xiaolian when she didn't like it, and even burned her with cigarette butts, and three or four years ago, she actually cut off a finger of her daughter with scissors. The police said: When Xiaolian was talking about these processes, her father listened beside her, neither denying nor affirming. At present, the police have intervened in the investigation.

【Chapter 5】Economic upgrading, counterfeits must not be allowed to run rampant

There are many foreign purchasing cats, how to break through the bottleneck of supervision? Counterfeit goods are rampant in the township, how to rectify the phenomenon of famous brands? How to get out of the vicious circle of "checking and punishing, punishing and releasing the old business"? Once again, International Consumer Rights Day meets us. Nowadays, "March 15" is not only a festival for consumer rights and interests, but also an opportunity to gather anti-counterfeiting wisdom.

【Chapter 6】How artificial intelligence can open up the future

"Come on! Try this robotic pour-over coffee. "It only takes about ten seconds from placing an order to picking up coffee, and in San Francisco, USA, a coffee robot has recently received widespread media attention. Many people believe that the machine's pour-over coffee is comparable to hand-made. Whether it is a barista, a chef, a waiter, or a cleaner, artificial intelligence represented by "robot +" has gradually entered our lives and seems to have become an attractive choice.

[Chapter 7] embarrassing is read as "supervision", which is not embarrassing

Recently, some netizens discovered that in the "Revised Chinese Dictionary" recompiled by the Taiwan Education Department, the pronunciation of "embarrassing" can be pronounced as "jiānjiè" in addition to "gāngà". Many netizens said that this was very embarrassing.

【Chapter 8】The goodwill of the media is inseparable from journalistic justice

An octogenarian drove an unlicensed motorcycle to see a 100-year-old mother to see a doctor, and was fined by the traffic police on the road. The news published by a media in Nanjing made public opinion praise the old man's benevolence and filial piety to save his mother, and the doubts about the traffic police involved were endless. Another Shanghai media reported the follow-up progress of the incident at the same time: the traffic police not only notified the family members of the elderly, but also drove the two elderly people to the hospital, and the matter was successfully resolved, and all parties applauded.

【Chapter 9】The reform of after-school services should pursue win-win results

The child is out of school at three or four o'clock in the afternoon, and the parents can't pick it up on time, so they have been scratching their heads for a long time. In order to solve this practical difficulty, the Ministry of Education recently issued the "Guiding Opinions on Doing a Good Job in After-school Services for Primary and Secondary School Students", making it clear that primary and secondary schools should take the initiative to assume the responsibility of after-school services for students. At the same time, it is emphasized that the content of after-school services is mainly to arrange students to do homework, independent reading, physical education, as well as entertainment games, outward bound training, watching children-friendly films, etc., and resolutely prevent after-school services from becoming group teaching or "make-up classes" in disguise. On March 7, Minister of Education Chen Baosheng also said during a discussion with the Education Sector Joint Group of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) that he would consider implementing flexible school hours for this purpose.

【Chapter 10】Rectification tourism can not simply "talk about business"

On March 27, the measures for the rectification of the tourism market in Yunnan Province were announced to the public, involving 22 new regulations in 7 aspects, including shopping markets, travel agencies, tour guides, scenic spots, industry associations, supervision, and government responsibilities. Whether the "strictest governance measures in the history of Yunnan" promised by the leaders of Yunnan Province during the two sessions of the National People's Congress this year can effectively curb the chaos of tourism in Yunnan as soon as possible has once again aroused great concern.

【Chapter 11】The promotion of traditional culture should be based on great education

At this year's National People's Congress and the National People's Congress, the promotion of the excellent traditional Chinese culture has once again become a hot topic, and the deputies and committee members have put forward many good opinions and suggestions, such as "inheriting the excellent traditional culture should start with education", "traditional culture should enter the campus", "revising the textbooks of all types of schools at all levels, and increasing the curriculum content of the excellent traditional culture".

【Chapter 12】Listen to China's story in the recital of the two sessions

Time series changes, and China in early spring is about to enter the time of the two sessions. This annual event attracts the attention of all walks of life and tugs at the heartstrings of hundreds of millions of people.

Farmers who run small farms are most concerned about the land transfer policy, the courier brother hopes most about improving the employment security of the industry, and the housekeeping aunt is most concerned about the education of left-behind children...... People are eager to hear the message of spring here.

2: A selection of excellent essay topics with full scores in the college entrance examination over the years

The charm of the college entrance examination lies in the hard work, in the fact that you have watered your future with sweat, and in the fact that you fight every minute and every second.

College entrance examination essay universal beginning and end

The essence of the college entrance examination essay material

College entrance examination essay universal opening 50 examples

College entrance examination essay material about celebrity examples

1. Thought is timeless beauty

2. A smile is a magic key

3. Cheer for feelings

4. Carry out the dedication to the end

5. Taste regrets

6. Preview youth

7. Forgetting teaches you to be free

8. Take refuge in nature

9. You can't be subservient to life

10. Hit the road with your dreams

11. I am the most important

12. Wait for the spring of the soul

13. Diligence and thrift start here

14. Cheers to the past

15. There is a kind of failure called success

16. Don't lose

17. Let the soul rest in the book

18. Love is refined in this way

19. Deep love without a trace

20. Savings of the soul

21. Listen to the bell of the heart

22, if the moon is loved, the moon will be long

23. The heart star is lit up

24. Walk with integrity

25, sword gall and piano heart

26. The lightness of unbearable culture

27. Beauty on the starting line

28. Listen to your own heartbeat

29. Give yourself a smile

30. Go over the wall in your heart

31. Enjoy the pain

32. Regret is also a kind of beauty

33. Hand in hand in the sunset

34. Bow your head by courage and raise your head by strength

35. Applaud your opponents

36. Caring for yourself is equally important

37. You give me a light in the dark

38. I was hit by youth on the waist

39. Hold the breeze and moon in your hands

3. High school physics multiple-choice question masking skills and formulas

For many students with poor physics scores in high school, it is very necessary to know how to improve their physics scores.

1. How to cover multiple choice questions in high school physics

Exclusion. For multiple-choice questions, it is the luckiest to be able to exclude three, even if you can't exclude three, you can also increase the probability of guessing correctly; For multiple-choice questions, if two can be excluded, the other two must be correct.

Data validation. For the given expression, it can be replaced with a number for verification.

Special Value Method. Various boundary values can be taken, such as 0, maximum, and which two quantities are equal...... If this option is not true for a special value, there is a high probability that this option will not be true.

option association. For multiple-choice questions, if it can be determined that hypothesis A must be right for B, then AB must not be able to choose either; If it is two opposite options, the correct option must be among the two. Multiple-choice questions can also be used to increase the probability of guessing correctly.

Overall option distribution. Generally speaking, the proportion of each option selected in the whole volume is about the same, and if there is the last question left, the number of times a certain option is selected is relatively small, and the probability that this option is correct will be higher. (This method is the least reliable.)

2. How to take the high school physics multiple-choice questions

Rectilinear motion problems

Overview of question types

The problem of linear motion is a hot topic in the college entrance examination, which can be examined separately or comprehensively with other knowledge. If the individual test appears in a multiple-choice question, it focuses on the basic concepts and is often combined with images. It often appears in the first sub-problem in the calculation problem, which is of medium difficulty, and the common forms are monomer multi-process problem and catch-up encounter problem.

Problems with the motion of the parabola

Overview of question types

The projectile motion includes flat throwing motion and oblique throwing motion, whether it is flat throwing motion or oblique throwing motion, the research method is to use the orthogonal decomposition method, which is generally to decompose the velocity into two directions: horizontal and vertical.

Problems with circular motion

Overview of question types

The problem of circular motion can be divided into circular motion in the horizontal plane and circular motion in the vertical plane according to the force situation, and can be divided into uniform circular motion and variable speed circular motion according to the nature of the motion.

Problems with the comprehensive application of Newton's laws of motion

Overview of question types

Newton's laws of motion are the key content of the college entrance examination, which will appear in the college entrance examination every year, Newton's laws of motion can combine mechanics and kinematics, and the comprehensive application of linear motion common models include connectors, conveyor belts, etc., generally multi-process problems, and can also examine critical problems, periodic problems, etc., which are more comprehensive. The topics of celestial motion are comprehensive topics of Newton's laws of motion, gravitation and circular motion, which have been examined frequently in recent years.

3. What are the ways to improve the score of multiple-choice questions in physics?

Spikes are based on the accurate grasp of knowledge, for example: the following statement is correct: ABCD, if you see A, you are absolutely sure that it is right, and the last three can not be watched, and your speed will rise. If you can't see it, pick the wrong one out of the four, and the last three are all faulty, so choose A, then you can't get up.

Find the way, your level is stuck in the introductory stage.

The exam questions must be completed in 20 minutes, and you will be close to the level of second killing that you envy.

Read the book carefully, don't drop a word, there is always something you don't understand, sit still, think, can't figure it out and then think, I really can't figure it out and ask the teacher to ask my classmates, and then come again, I don't understand more places, sit down and think about ......it, and then come back for the third time, it's impossible to learn without a pain in the head, don't sit there and think about food. Don't feel like a waste of time, it's not ten or eight times more efficient than you to find a way. It is not three or five times more efficient than doing exercises.

5. What are the types and characteristics and distribution of climate in China?

There are 13 climate types in the world, so what are the climate types in China, which provinces and cities are distributed, and what are their characteristics.

1Distribution of climate types in China

1. Tropical monsoon climate.

It includes the southern part of Taiwan Province, the Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island. The annual accumulated temperature is > = 8000 °C, the average temperature of the coldest month is not less than 16 °C, the annual extreme minimum temperature is not less than 5 °C, the extreme minimum temperature is generally not less than 0 °C, and there is no frost all year round.

2. Subtropical monsoon climate.

North and South China belong to this type of climate. The annual accumulated temperature is between 4500-8000 °C, and the average temperature of the coldest month is -8--0 °C, which is the transition zone between the subtropical zone and the temperate zone, and the summer temperature is quite high (the average temperature of Hou is >). = 25 ° C for at least 6 years, i.e. 30 days), winter temperatures are quite low.

3. Temperate monsoon climate.

Inner Mongolia and northern Xinjiang in China belong to this type of climate. The annual accumulated temperature is lower than 1600--3400 °C, the average temperature of the coldest month is -28--8 °C, and the average temperature in summer is still more than 22 °C, but it is rare to exceed 25 °C.

4. Temperate continental climate.

Generalized temperate continental climates include temperate desert climates, temperate steppe climates, and subarctic coniferous forest climates. It includes temperate desert climate, temperate steppe climate.

5. Plateau and mountain climate.

China's Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and some high mountains belong to this type of climate. The annual accumulated temperature is below 2000°C, the average daily temperature is below 10°C, and the hottest temperature is also below 5°C or even below 0°C. The diurnal range of temperature is large and the annual range is small, but the solar radiation is strong and the sunshine is abundant.

2. What are the climatic characteristics of our country?

(1) China's climate is cold and dry in winter, and hot and rainy in summer.

(2) In winter, China is colder than the same latitude in the world; Summers are hotter than the same latitudes in the world. Therefore, the annual temperature range in most parts of China is relatively large.

(3) The monsoon climate is significant. In winter, the northerly winter monsoon prevails in China, and the airflow from the middle and high latitude continents is cold and dry; In summer, the southerly summer monsoon prevails in China, and the air flow from the low-latitude Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean is warm and rich in water vapor, so most areas of China are cold and dry in winter, and warm and rainy in summer, this climate is called monsoon climate.

(4) The climate is complex and diverse. The eastern part of China is a monsoon climate zone, and the northwest is far from the sea, which is a non-monsoon region and belongs to a temperate continental climate. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belongs to the plateau climate zone due to its high altitude. Due to the large number of temperature zones spanned by the eastern monsoon region, it is bounded by the Qinling-Huaihe River line and the Tropic of Cancer, and has a temperate monsoon climate, a subtropical monsoon climate and a tropical monsoon climate from north to south.

To sum up, China's climate has three major characteristics: the monsoon climate is significant, the rain and heat are at the same time, and the climate is complex and diverse.

Six: Summary of high school biophotosynthesis knowledge

Many students want to know the summary of the relevant knowledge points of photosynthesis that have been talked about in biology class, and the following is the welfare time for everyone in the editor, hoping to give students some help.

1. Knowledge points related to biophotosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the most basic material metabolism and energy metabolism of organisms, and the energy fixed by it and the organic matter formed by it are the direct or indirect sources of material and energy for almost all living organisms. It occupies a very important position in the college entrance examination, and the following summarizes the knowledge points of photosynthesis.

1. The concept, reaction formula and process of photosynthesis

1. Concepts and their reactions

Photosynthesis refers to the process in which green plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter that stores energy and release oxygen.

Total reaction formula: CO2 + H2O - ─→ (CH2O) + O2

The following points should be paid attention to when writing the reactive formula: (1) photosynthesis has water decomposition, although the product side of the reaction formula does not write water, but there is actually water generation; (2) "─→" cannot be written as "=".

The concept and reaction formula of photosynthesis should be grasped from the place of photosynthesis - chloroplasts, conditions - light energy, raw materials - carbon dioxide and water, products - sugars and other organic matter and oxygen.

2. The process of photosynthesis

(1) Photoreaction stage: a. Photolysis of water: 2H2O→4[H]+O2 (providing hydrogen for dark reaction); b. Formation of ATP: ADP+Pi+Light Energy─→ATP (providing energy for dark reactions)

(2) Dark reaction stage: a. CO2 fixation: CO2+C5→2C3;; b. Reduction of C3 compounds: 2 C3 + [H] + ATP→ (CH2O) + C5

To review the process of photosynthesis, it should be noted that: first, the division basis of the two stages of photosynthesis - whether light energy is needed; Second, the differences and connections between the two reaction stages in terms of place, conditions, raw materials, results, and essence should be clarified (the following table).

Chlorophyll, light, enzymes, and water require enzymes, ATP, [H] (nadph), CO2 to distinguish between conditions

The site is on the chloroplast thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast matrix

Substance 1.Photolysis of water: 2H2O→4[H]+O21. CO2 fixation: CO2+C5→2C3

Conversion 2. ATP formation: ADP+Pi+ energy→ ATP2.C3 reduction: C3→ C5+(CH2O)+H2O

Energy→ Light Energy→ Electrical Energy, Active Chemical Energy Stored in ATP, Active Chemical Energy in ATP, and Stable Chemical Energy in Active Chemical Energy → (CH2O).

invert

Substantial light energy is converted into active chemical energy, and O2 is generated, CO2 is formed, and energy is stored

Connection: (1) The light reaction provides [H] and ATP for the dark reaction; The dark reaction provides ADP, Pi, and NADP+ for the light reaction;

(2) The light reaction prepares matter and energy for the dark reaction, and the dark reaction cannot be carried out without the light reaction; Dark reaction is the continuation of light reaction, is the process of forming organic matter, and finally storing energy, without dark reaction, organic matter cannot be synthesized; Therefore, the two are a whole, closely related and indispensable.

2. The significance of photosynthesis

1. Biological evolution: first, the O2 produced by photosynthesis provides the possibility for the emergence of aerobic organisms; Second, the ozone (O3) formed by O2 under certain conditions absorbs ultraviolet rays, weakens the impact of solar radiation on organisms, and provides the possibility for aquatic organisms to reach the land. Third, the large amount of organic matter produced by photosynthesis provides the possibility for the emergence of higher heterotrophic organisms.

2. Practical significance: improve the efficiency of photosynthesis and solve the problem of food shortage. The main conditions for photosynthesis should be met, the internal conditions - various mineral elements required by the plant, the area of photosynthesis (appropriate dense planting), the external conditions - sufficient raw materials (CO2 and H2O), suitable light, and a long photosynthesis time.

2. The difference between photosynthesis and respiration in plants

The place of photosynthesis is chloroplast, the condition is to have light, the raw materials must have CO2 and H2O, and after the reaction, organic matter (mainly starch, the initial component is glucose, and then converted into starch, fat, protein, etc.), the material change is to synthesize organic matter (mainly in the form of starch) and release O2, and the energy change is to absorb light energy, convert it into chemical energy, and store it in organic matter.

The respiration is in living cells, with and without light, the raw materials required are O2 and organic matter, the products are CO2 and H2O, the material change is to decompose organic matter into inorganic matter (CO2 and H2O), and the energy change is conserved.

Seven: Translation of 18 imaginary words in high Chinese dialect

There are many high school students who are very curious to know how to translate the 18 imaginary words in high Chinese, and the editor has sorted out the relevant information, I hope it will help everyone!

1. What is the translation of high Chinese words?

One. [And]

(1) Used as a conjunction.

1. Indicates a juxtaposition. It is generally not translated, but sometimes it can be translated as "again".

(1) The crab is six kneeling and the two are clawed, and there is no one to send it in the cave of the non-snake eel ("Persuasion") (2) The Sword Pavilion is magnificent and Cui Wei, one husband is the pass, and ten thousand people are not open ("Shu Dao Difficult")

(3) Save Zhao in the north and Qin in the west, the five hegemons are also defeated ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

2. Indicates a progressive relationship. It can be translated as "and" or "and".

(1) The gentleman is erudite and self-conscious. ("Persuasion") (2) King Huai of Chu was greedy and believed in Zhang Yi, so he rejected Qi ("The Biography of Qu Yuan")

(3) Looking back at the west peak of the sun, or the sun, or not, the color of the sky, and all of them are like a thin ("The Story of Mount Tai")

(4) With the depth of its thinking, it is also ubiquitous ("The Story of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain")

3. Indicates the undertaking relationship. It can be translated as "on", "on", or not at all.

(1) Therefore, he gave up your body and traveled to Beijing to eat the master, in order to fight for the Lu of Hu ("Chen Qing Table") (2) Put it in the place, draw a sword and break it. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(3) People who are not born to know can be free from confusion ("The Teacher Said")

4. Indicates a turning relationship. It can be translated as "but" and "but".

(1) Qing, taken from the blue, and the green is in the blue ("Persuasion") (2) There is such a trend, and it is robbed by the prestige of the Qin people ("The Theory of the Six Kingdoms")

(3) Xinye, my brother's virtue and death of his heir ("Chen Qing Table")

5. Indicate a hypothetical relationship. It can be translated as "if" or "if".

(1) The monarchs are interested in looking forward to the horse's head. (Feng Wanzhen)

(2) Death and knowledge, its geometry is separated ("Sacrifice Twelve Lang Wen")

6. Indicates the modifier relationship, that is, the connecting adverbial. It can not be translated.

(1) I try to look forward to it, it is better to climb the heights of the broad view ("Persuasion") (2) Fill the drums, the blades are connected, abandon the armor and drag the soldiers away ("The Widow in the Country")

(3) King Xiang pressed his sword and said, "What is the guest?" ("The Feast of the Hung Gate")

7. Indicate causation,

(1) Yu Yi regretted that he could not be able to travel to the pleasure of the extreme husband ("The Story of Traveling to Bao Zen Mountain") (2) Expressing his evil ability and not using it ("The Battle of Red Cliff")

8. Indicate the purpose relationship,

(1) Manli is far-sighted, and looks at Xingyan ("A Fang Gong Fu")

(2) The officials and the people, seal the treasury, and wait for the general ("Hongmen Banquet")

(2) Tong "er", used as a pronoun, in the second person, translated as "your"; Occasionally, it is also used as the subject, translated as "you".

(1) And Weng Gui, since and you recalculate the ear ("Promoting Weaving") (2) Yu said: "Somewhere, and the mother stands in Zi ("Xiang Zhi Xuan Zhi")

(3) "Such as": as if, as if.

(1) The army is frightened and ruined. (Cha Jin)

[That's it] is placed at the end of the sentence to indicate the limited mood particle, which is equivalent to "just".

(1) Those who shake their heads and pause their feet are only dozens of people ("The Story of Tiger Hill") (2) There is a sequence of hearing the Tao, and there is a specialization in the art industry, and it is just like that ("Shi Shuo")

(3) I decided to fly, the gun stopped, the time did not come, but the control of the ground ("Getaway")

[And then] only, only later.

(1) The minister bowed and did his best, and then died. (2) March and then success.

"And the situation" is "what's more", and the tone of rhetorical questions is used to express a further meaning.

(1) Now the bell chime is placed in the water, although the wind and waves cannot sound. And the situation is stony! (2) The technology has not been tasted, and the situation is very big!

(3) Although the minister is foolish, he knows that he can't, and the situation is clear and philosophical ("Ten Thoughts of Emperor Taizong")

[and] soon, for a while.

(1) Even if the rebellion of Wu Min was invited to the court, five people were punished ("The Tombstone of the Five People")

(2) After getting his body in the well, he turned his anger into sorrow and rushed to despair ("Promoting Weaving")

(3) He will sue his aunt, and his aunt loves his son and can't be royal ("The Biography of Liu Yi")

Two. 【Ho】

(1) Used as interrogative pronouns.

1. As a predicate alone, there are often mood particles "ya" and "also" after it, which can be translated as "why" and "what reason".

(1) Who? The prestige of the great country is also cultivated. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) What is it to taste the heart of the ancient benevolence, or to do something different? ("The Story of Yueyang Tower")

(3) The Qi people did not try to bribe Qin, and finally the five kingdoms were destroyed, what is it? (The Six Kingdoms)

2. The object of a verb or preposition, which can be translated as "where" or "what". When translating, "He" should be placed at the end.

(1) Where does Yuzhou want to go now? (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) Where is the king coming? ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(3) Once the mountain collapses, how can Chang'an Jun entrust himself to Zhao? ("Touching the Dragon and Saying Empress Dowager Zhao")

3. As a definite sentence, it can be translated as "what" and "where".

(1) In the meantime, when I heard something, the cuckoo cried and the blood ape wailed. (Pipa Xing)

(2) But when is it happy? ("The Story of Yueyang Tower")

(2) Used as an adverb of interrogative.

1. It is used at the beginning of a sentence or before a verb, often to express a rhetorical question, which can be translated as "why" and "how".

(1) Why don't you tie your armor and do things from the north? (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) How can Xu Gong and Jun Ye? ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

2. Used before an adjective, it indicates a deep degree, which can be translated as "how", "how", "how so".

(1) As for swearing to break your hair and weeping, how declining! (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

(3) Composition particles, equivalent to "ah".

(1) The bride's car is behind, faintly and faintly. ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

(4) He: "Heh", drink and ask.

(1) Xinchen Jing pawn Chen Libing and who is he. (Who: Oh ask him who he is.) It means to check and cross-examine. ("On the Passage of Qin")

[何如] [奈何] [若何] expresses a question or rhetorical question, which is translated as "how", "how", "why".

(1) Laughing at 50 steps and 100 steps, what is it like ("Ji's Will Cut Away")

(2) His humiliating and degrading behavior, depending on the death of the five people, is as serious as it is ("The Tombstone of the Five")

(3) Pei Gong was shocked and said, "What can I do about it?" ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(4) How to take all the baht and use it like mud and sand ("A Fang Gong Fu")

[何以] is "to what", a prepositional phrase, used as an adverbial in interrogative sentences, according to the different uses of "to", respectively, equivalent to "what to take", "on what", etc.

(1) Once the mountain collapses, how can Chang'an Jun entrust himself to Zhao ("Touching the Dragon and Saying the Empress Dowager Zhao")

(2) What is the difference between the form of the incompetent and the uncapable ("The Matter of Qi Huan Jinwen")

(3) My Wang Shu has almost no disease and, how can he drum and play ("Zhuang Violent See Mencius")

[Wuhe] is translated as "soon" and "not long".

(1) Fu Jun does not forget what he does, there is no He, Zai Yizhuo has strange news, Zai Yue, and is exempt from military service ("Promoting Weaving")

"Ho Nai" is translated as "how can it"

(1) Mother is a government official: He Naitai District ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

Three. [Huh]

(1) Used as a mood particle.

1. Express a questioning tone. It can be translated as "what" and "what".

(1) How cold? Hungry? (Xiang Zhixuan Zhi)

(2) How far is the technical cover? ("Cooking")

(3) Where do you want to be safe? (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

2. Indicates the rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "what" and "what".

(1) The friends of cloth and clothes are not deceiving each other, but what is the situation in the country? ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(2) My teacher is also the way, and the husband knows that he was born in my year? ("The Teacher Says")

(3) After the new defeat of Yuzhou, is it difficult for An to resist this? (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

3. Table measurement or negotiation tone, which can be translated as "bar".

(1) The king's pleasure is very happy, and he is almost all in the house. ("Zhuang Storm Meets Mencius")

(2) What is the reason why a saint is holy and a fool is stupid?

(3) The eclipse is drunk without decay ("Touching the Dragon and Saying the Empress Dowager Zhao")

(4) If you die now, you will die, and if you make a big plan, you will die, and if you die, will you die in the country? ("The Chen Shi Family")

(5) If there is no way, then the king? ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

4. It is used as an exclamation sentence or imperative sentence, which can be translated as "ah", "ah", etc.

(1) It is appropriate for the people to say that I love it ("The Matter of Qi Huan and Jinwen")

(2) Repentance is not noticed, and I will rebel ("Lisao")

(3) Looking at Xiakou in the west, looking at Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are sympathetic, and the sky is gloomy ("Red Cliff Fu")

(4) The return of the long gong! Out of the car ("Feng Chenke Meng Weijun")

5. Use at a pause in a sentence.

(1) So the book.

(2) Used as a preposition, it is equivalent to "yu", which has different translations in the text.

(1) The drunkard's intention is not in the wine, but in the mountains and rivers. ("The Story of Yueyang Tower") (Hu: Yu)

(2) Although I am dead now, I am more than the death of my neighbor. ("The Snake Catcher Says")

(3) Before I was born, what I heard was also before me? ("Shi Shuo") (the previous "hu": in; The latter "huh": than. ）

(4) I doubt it. (Huh: Yes.) ）

(5) The gentleman is erudite and self-conscious. (The Analects) (Hu: Yes.) ）

(6) There is no wonder that it is selfish. (Hu: for)

(7) Cover into the technology. ("Ku Ding Jie Niu") (Hu: than)

(8) One day of my life. (Er: than.) ）

(3) It can be used as an ending, translated as "...... Appearance"...... ground".

(1) With no thick into the room, there must be room for restoration in the ease ("Ku Ding Jie Niu")

(2) The vastness is like Feng Xu's wind, and he doesn't know where it stops; fluttering like a legacy of independence, feathering and ascending to immortality ("Red Cliff Fu")

Four. [Nai]

(1) Used as an adverb.

1. It indicates the logical succession of the two things before and after or the immediate succession in time, which can be translated as "cai", "cai", "just", etc

(1) Set up nine guests in the court, and the ministers dare to go up. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) Knowing that the soldiers are burdened with grass and filled, riding is passable. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) Bring me to the army, and the public will enter. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

2. Emphasizing that an act is unexpected or contrary to common sense, which can be translated as "but", "unexpectedly", "instead", etc.;

(1) To ask what kind of world it is is is not to know whether it is a man. ("The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring")

(2) Now its wisdom is beyond its reach. ("The Teacher Says")

(3) And the ugly one seeks it by striking with an axe. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

(4) The husband Zhao is strong and Yan is weak, and the king is fortunate to be the king of Zhao, so the king of Yan wants to marry the king. Today's monarch is dead, Zhao Xiangyan. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

3. It can be a restriction on the scope of things, which can be translated as "only", "only", etc.

(1) King Xiang Naifu led his troops to the east, and when he reached the eastern city, there were twenty-eight horsemen. (Xiang Yu Benji)

4. It is used in judgment sentences, plays a role in confirmation, and can be translated as "is", "is", etc.

(1) If things don't work, it's heaven. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) Yingnai Yimen is also a gatekeeper. ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

(3) There is no injury, it is a benevolent technique, and the cow is not seen ("The Matter of Qi Huan Jinwen")

(2) Used as a pronoun.

1. Used in the second person, often used as a definite sentence, translated as "your"; It is also the subject and translates as "you". It cannot be used as an object.

(1) The king set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family sacrifice was not forgotten. (Lu You's "Shi'er")

2. Used as a demonstrative pronoun, translated as "such".

(1) The husband and I do it, but I ask for it, but I can't get my heart ("The Matter of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

3. It can also be used as a conjunction, interpreted as "Ruofu", "as for", "if", etc.

(Missing examples)

[Wu Nai] table guess, translated as "I'm afraid ......".

(1) Now the king is dwelling on the top of the Huiji, and then he is seeking counsel, but there is nothing to do ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

(2) Wu Naer is too much ("Ji's Will Cut Away")

(3) Today's Shaoqing is to teach to promote the virtuous and enterprising, and it is absurd to be selfish with the servants ("Report to Ren'an")

"Nair" translates as "such."

(1) The government officials bowed again, sighed in the empty room, and made a plan to stand ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

Five. [Its]

(1) Used as a pronoun, it is divided into several situations:

1. Third-person pronouns. As a leading attribute determinant, it can be translated as "his", "its" (including plural).

(1) The ministers obeyed their plans, and the king was fortunate to pardon the ministers. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

2. Third-person pronouns. As a minor subject in a subject-verb phrase, it should be translated as "he" and "it" (including plural).

(1) The king of Qin was afraid that it would break the wall. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) His hearing is also preceded by me. ("The Teacher Says")

3. Use it in the first person or second person. Translated as "mine", "I (myself)" or "your", "you".

(1) Today's Su Yingcao, Cao should be returned to the township party, and his name is still not lost. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) And Yu also regrets that he can't enjoy the pleasure of traveling with his husband. ("The Story of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain")

(3) The old minister thought that he was short for the king of Chang'an, so he thought that his love was not as good as that of Queen Yan ("Touching the Dragon and Saying the Empress Dowager Zhao")

4. Demonstrative pronouns, indicating distant fingers. It can be translated as "that", "that", "those", "there".

(1) and its out, or the one who wants to blame it. ("The Story of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain")

(2) Jingzhou is now in its possession, and it is dying. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) If you don't marry a righteous man, what is your desire? ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

5. Demonstrative pronouns, indicating proximity, equivalent to "this", "this", "these".

(1) Those who have the Jiang family will be the third generation of Zhuanli. (The Snake Catcher Says)

(2) The present is not bearable. (Its: this)

5. Demonstrative pronouns, indicating "among them", followed by numerals.

(1) Choose one or two buckles between the rocks. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

(2) Used as an adverb.

1. Strengthen the imperative tone, which is equivalent to "may" and "still".

(1) The widow wants to use the land of 500 miles to Yi'anling, and the king of Anling is a widow! (Its: Optional)

(2) If the attack is not overcome, the siege will not continue, and I will return it. ("Candle Warrior Retreats from the Qin Division")

(3) With your three arrows, you have not forgotten the father's will! (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

2. Strengthen the speculative tone, which is equivalent to "I'm afraid", "maybe", "probably", "probably", "maybe".

(1) What is the reason why a saint is holy and a fool is stupid? ("The Teacher Says")

(2) The king's happiness is very good, then the Qi country is almost there? ("Zhuang Storm Meets Mencius")

3. Strengthen the rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "is it" and "how".

(1) With the remaining strength of the remaining years, it has not been able to destroy a single hair of the mountain, what is it like soil and stones? ("The Fool Moves the Mountain")

(2) Those who have tried their best but cannot reach it can have no regrets, who can ridicule them? ("The Story of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain")

(3) Who doesn't know if you travel thousands of miles?

(3) Used as a conjunction.

1. Indicates the choice relationship, which is equivalent to "yes...... Or ......".

(1) Is it really evil? Do you really not know horses? ("The Horse Says")

(2) Woohoo! Is it evil? Its dreams? Is it not true and evil? ("Twelve Lang Wen")

2. Indicates a hypothetical relationship, equivalent to "if".

(1) If there is no refinement in its industry, and there is no failure in morality, it is not the humility of nature, and the heart is not as good as the rest of the ear.

(2) If it rains, the seedlings will flourish. If so, who can resist it? (Mencius Meets King Xiang of Liang)

(4) Particles, which play the role of adjusting syllables, can not be translated.

(1) Lu Manman's cultivation is far away, I will go up and down and seek ("Lisao")

(2) Wear colorful and complicated decorations, Fang Fei Fei and its Mi Chapter ("Lisao")

"He" is translated as "how".

(1) As for swearing to break your hair and weeping, how declining! (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

Six. [And]

(1) Used as a conjunction.

1. Progressive relationship, and. Example:

(1) And standing stone at the gate of his tomb ("The Tombstone of the Five")

(2) Declare the decree of power, discuss the situation in the world, be courteous, and ask for preparation. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) He has no more than 1560,000 Chinese, and he has been tired for a long time. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

2. Progressive relationship, besides, again.

(1) And the strong man does not die, and when he dies, he will raise a great name. ("The Chen Shi Family")

(2) And the general trend can refuse to operate, the Yangtze River also. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) And Yan Zhao was at the time of the destruction of the Qin Revolution. (The Six Kingdoms)

3. Concession relationship, yet, also.

(1) The minister dies and does not avoid it, and the wine is peaceful! ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(2) The saint of the deceased is also far away, and he still asks from the teacher ("The Teacher Said")

4. Juxtaposition: Again, again...... ...... again, one side ......, the other side ......

(1) Show Zhao weak and cowardly. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) Life is like Nanshan stone, and the four bodies are healthy and straight ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

(3) There are also those who cough and laugh in the valley ("The Story of Shizhong Mountain")

(4) Those who worship and weep without the people of the four directions. ("The Tombstone of Five")

(2) Used as an adverb.

1. Will, will.

(1) Those who are idle and want to come out, say: "If you don't come out, the fire will be exhausted" ("You Bao Zen Mountain")

(2) And what can I do about it ("Hongmen Banquet")

(3) If they belong to all and are captured ("Hongmen Banquet")

(4) Qing but temporarily return home, I will report to the government today. ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

2. For the time being, let me be.

(1) The survivor is stealing life, and the dead are gone! (The Stone Trencher)

(2) Swear not to be separated from each other, and return home for the time being. ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

The first particle of the sentence indicates that the following is a further discussion, "besides", "again". Example:

(1) And the world is not small and weak, the land of Yongzhou, the solidity of the letter, and the self-determination ("On the Passage of Qin")

(2) Between heaven and earth, everything has its own master ("Red Cliff Fu")

(3) And the husband Zang gets a concubine, he can still be decided, and the servant has no choice but ("Report to Ren'an")

[And like] like.

(1) And this winter, the Kansai pawn is not off ("Soldier Carriage Travel")

Seven. [if]

(a) Verb, like, as if.

(1) Regarded, it is shaped like a soil dog, with plum blossom wings, a square head, and long shins, which is like a good meaning ("Promoting Weaving")

(2) I can't bear to covet him, and if he is not guilty, he will die ("The Matter of Qi Huan Jinwen")

(3) If it is, who has a royal one. (Mencius Meets King Xiang of Liang)

(2) Used as a pronoun.

1. Table symmetry, equivalent to "you" and "you"; When it is used as a final sentence, it is translated as "yours".

(1) If you are a longevity before entering and a long life, please dance with a sword ("Hongmen Banquet")

(2) No, if they belong to all of them and are captured (if the "Hongmen Banquet" belongs: you these)

(3) If you are more served, you will be given ...... ("The Snake Catcher Says" yours)

2. The table refers to the near, which is equivalent to "this", "this", "so", "so".

(1) If you do what you want, if you want to do it, you still want to ask for fish because of wood ("The Matter of Qi Huan Jinwen")

(3) Used as a conjunction.

1. Table assumptions, equivalent to "if", "assumption", etc.

(1) If there is a basis, this emperor's capital is also. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) If you are prepared to work with him and work together with him, it is advisable to be appeased and aligned with him. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) If you can't, why not tie your armor and do it to the north! (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

2. Table selection, equivalent to "or" or "or".

(1) If 10,000 people descend to a county, 10,000 households will be sealed. (The Book of Han: The Chronicles of the Emperor Gao)

3. To, as for.

(1) If the people are the people, then there is no permanent production, because there is no perseverance. ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

"Joff" is a word used at the beginning of a passage to provoke a discourse. It means "to say that" and "to be like that".

(1) If the rain is raining, it will not open for months. ("The Story of Yueyang Tower")

(2) If the husband takes advantage of the righteousness of heaven and earth, and the argument of the six qis, he will be treated with evil ("Getaway")

[Ruoding] knows in his heart, and he is calm.

(1) If the command is determined. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

[What if]?

(1) What is the leisure? (The Battle of Kun)

[several] approximate words, equivalent to "a little", "how much".

(1) A number of couriers behind the car.

Eight. 【Place】

(1) Noun, place, place.

(1) In the Cong Ancestral Hall next to Wu Guangzhi's time. ("The Chen Shi Family")

(2) Do you want to teach me to hunt insects? ("Promoting Weaving")

(3) Somewhere, and the mother stands in Z. (Xiang Zhixuan Zhi)

(2) Particles

1. Put it before the verb and the verb to form the structure of the word "so", which means "so...... of people", "...... of things", "...... and so on.

(1) Will levy and promote weaving, and dare not collect accounts, and there is no compensation ("Promoting Weaving")

(2) Where the Tao exists, so does the teacher. ("The Teacher Says")

(3) If you are promoted, you will be favored, how dare you dare to have hope ("Chen Qing Table")

2. If "so" is combined with a verb, and there is a noun structure after it, the word structure plays the role of a definite.

(1) At night, the house is surrounded by soldiers. (Appendix to the Guidebook)

(2) Zhu Hai, the butcher of the minister's house ("Xinling Jun Stealing Talismans to Save Zhao")

[For...... "for" and "so" echo, composing "for...... ......" to indicate passive.

(1) Yingwen was killed by Ji's father. ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

(2) When the servant encounters this disaster with his oral language, he is laughed at by the township party and insults his ancestors ("Report to Ren'an")

[So]

1. Expressing the manner, method, or basis on which the act is based, which is equivalent to "used to...... The method "" is used to ...... "" and so on.

(1) I will wait for the Hou Sheng, and the world will not hear about it ("Xinling Jun Stealing Talismans to Save Zhao")

(2) Teacher, so preaching and receiving karma to solve doubts. ("The Teacher Says")

2. Indicate the reason. Equivalent to "...... reasons (for sake)".

(1) The ministers go to their relatives and serve the monarch, and they admire the high righteousness of the monarch in vain. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) For this reason, I put the urgency of the country first and then the personal vendetta. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(3) Therefore, send the guards to prepare for the entry and exit of the thieves. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

[So-called] said.

(1) This so-called victory over the imperial court. ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

(2) Those who are not my so-called preaching and solving their doubts. ("The Teacher Says")

【Location】

1. Everywhere.

(1) Whoever has a sound in the stone is everywhere. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

2. The place where it is, the premises.

(1) There was such a place, and I went back to the government ("Boudoir School")

(2) Rush to it, fold over the corner of the wall, and get lost in its location. ("Promoting Weaving")

Nine. 【For】

(1) Verbs.

1. It has the meaning of "doing", "doing", "acting", "becoming" and "becoming", and the translation is more flexible.

(1) Chop wood for soldiers, unveil poles for flags. (The Passage of the Qin Dynasty)

(2) Then take Liuhe as the home, and Cuihan as the palace. (The Passage of the Qin Dynasty)

(3) Pawn and joy are friends of the neck. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(4) Ice, water for it, and cold for water. ("Persuasion")

(5) King Zhao eavesdropped on King Qin's good for (playing) Qin Sheng. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(6) Today's Yingzhi is enough to (help) the son ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

(7) Take the land of Baiyue in the south, thinking that it is (divided into) Guilin and Xiangjun. (The Passage of the Qin Dynasty)

(8) For (governing) the country to be courteous, its words are not allowed, it is the reason for it. (The Analects)

2. Think, think.

(1) The continuation of this dead Qin. Stealing is the king's don't take it ("Hongmen Banquet")

(2) The two children smiled and said: "Who knows more about you!" ("Two Children's Debate")

3. Judgment word, yes.

(1) Now people are swordsmen, and I am fish and meat. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) If it is not for weaving late, it is difficult for the wives of the group. ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

(2) Prepositions.

1. The table is passive, sometimes combined with "so", constituting "for" or "for...... So", which translates as "be".

(1) I belong to the present captivity. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(2) Then he was in charge of the regular service. ("Promoting Weaving")

(3) Death and national destruction, laughing for the world, ("On the Passage of Qin")

(4) No, if it belongs to all of them, it will be captured. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(5) The soldiers were taken advantage of by the men and horses, and many died in the mud. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

2. Introduce the reason or purpose. For, because.

(1) Be careful not to die, how thin is the noble and the lowly ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

(2) For the beauty of the palace, the dedication of wives and concubines, and the poor who know me ("Zhuang Tyranny Sees Mencius")

(3) Today is the beauty of the palace. ("Zhuang Storm Meets Mencius")

3. Introduce the objects involved. Give, substitute.

(1) So the king of Qin was not discouraged, and it was a blow. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) Please take Zhao Fifteen Cheng as Qin Wangshou. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(3) Ministers please be happy for the king. ("Zhuang Storm Meets Mencius")

4. Yes, toward.

(1) What can I do? ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(2) Ruji cries for the son ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

5. Indicates the time of action and behavior. It can be translated as "when", "wait", etc.

(1) For the sake of his coming, the ministers asked one of them to be bound to the king. ("Yan Zi Makes Chu")

(3) Modal words at the end of the sentence, indicating doubt or cross-examination. This.

(1) Now people are swordsmen, I am fish and meat, what is the word ("Hongmen Banquet")

(2) It is also the minister of the society. Why? ("Ji's Will Leave the Moment")

(3) Why did Huai Jin hold Yu and let himself go? (The Biography of Qu Yuan)

Ten. 【Yan】

(1) Conjunctive words.

1. It is equivalent to "in it", "in this", "in it".

(1) Threesome, there must be my teacher (in it). (The Analects)

(2) Mountains of soil and wind and rain (from here). ("Persuasion")

(3) The five people, Gaidang Zhou Gongzi was arrested, and he died (in this matter) because of righteousness. ("The Tombstone of Five")

2. Equivalent to "Yu He". Translated as "where", "from", etc.

(1) And put the soil and stones? ("The Fool Moves the Mountain")

(2) If it is not again, how do you know if it is?

(3) How can there be a benevolent person in power, and can do anything without regard to the people? ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

(2) Pronouns.

1. Equivalent to "of".

(1) Only those who observe the style of the husband can be satisfied. (The Snake Catcher Says)

(2) Ask questions from your teacher. ("The Teacher Says")

(3) Go to the tomb of the present and be buried, which is ten months and one month. ("The Tombstone of Five")

2. Where, how.

(1) Unknown life, unknown death (Analects)

(2) Cutting chickens with a knife (Analects)

(3) Modal words.

1。 The particle at the end of the sentence, ah, ah, what.

(1) To Dan to Jing Qing as a plan, the beginning of the disaster. (The Six Kingdoms)

(2) If you don't lift a feather, you don't use force. ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

(3) What is the choice of cattle and sheep? ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

2. Construct a modal word in a sentence that indicates a pause, which is equivalent to "also".

(1) I don't know if I read the sentence, I don't understand it, or I don't know it, or I don't know it, and I leave it behind in elementary school ("Teacher Said")

(2) Shaoyan, the moon rises above the East Mountain, wandering between the bullfights ("Red Cliff Fu")

3. Word ending, equivalent to "ran", translated as "...... Appearance"...... ground".

(1) Pan Pan Yan, embarrassed, beehive water vortex, I don't know how to fall tens of millions ("A Fang Gong Fu")

(2) Choose one or two buckles among the rocks, and you will be able to do it ("The Story of Stone Bell Mountain")

Eleven. [also]

(1) Sentence end modal words,

1. Indicate a judgmental tone.

(1) Xu Gong in the north of the city, the beautiful person of the Qi country ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

(2) Zhang Liang said: "Pei Gong's participation in Fan Xu" ("Hongmen Banquet")

2. Sentence end modal words, indicating a statement or explanatory mood. Example:

(1) That is, he can't bear to covet him, and if he is not guilty, he will die, so he will change his sheep ("The Matter of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

(2) The thunder is shocked, and the palace car is also over. ("A Fang Gong Fu")

3. Use in the middle or end of a sentence to express the tone of affirmation and exclamation.

(1) Tweet! Those who destroy the Six Kingdoms are also the Six Kingdoms, not Qin. The Qin of the clan is also Qin, not the world. (The Passage of the Qin Dynasty)

(2) As for swearing to break your hair and weeping, how declining! (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

(3) The ancients did not deceive ("The Story of Shizhong Mountain")

4. It is used at the end of the sentence to indicate a questioning or rhetorical tone.

(1) Childe is afraid of death? Why cry? ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

(2) My prince has almost no disease, how can he play drums? ("Zhuang Storm Meets Mencius")

(3) If Qin Fu loves the people of the Six Kingdoms, then the third generation can be the king of all eternity, and who will be wiped out?

5. It is used at the end of the sentence to indicate the imperative tone.

(1) If you can't conquer it, you can't continue to encircle it, and you can't return it. (The Battle of Kun)

(2) When you conspire with each other, don't let your sister worry about the end of the road ("Du Shi Niang's Angry Sinking Treasure Chest")

(2) Modal words in the sentence. Used in a sentence to indicate a pause in tone.

(1) Yes, people often doubt it. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

(2) His hearing is also before me. ("The Teacher Says")

【…… The ...... The ...... It means "what is said is...... Ahh

(1) Poetry: "Others have a heart, and they are considerate." - The Master's Title ("The Matter of Qi Huan and Jinwen")

[also] tone particles are used together, in order to strengthen the tone, there are many exclamations or rhetorical meanings. Example:

(1) Isn't it true that after a long time, there will be children who will become kings one after another? ("Touching the Dragon and Saying Empress Dowager Zhao")

(2) The time of poverty and life is also used to heal plums! ("The Story of the Sick Plum Pavilion")

(3) How can you be alone? (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

Twelve. 【to】

(1) Prepositions

1. Presentation tool. Translated: take, use, rely on.

(1) I would like to invite Yibi with fifteen cities. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru") (2) The scholar doctor finally refused to use a small boat to anchor at night. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

2. Signify by virtue of. Translated: by, by.

(1) Smell the princes with courage. ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography") (2) For a long time, he can distinguish people by his foot. (Xiang Zhixuan Zhi)

(2) They are all good words and are known for their endowment. (The Biography of Qu Yuan)

3. Indicates the object to be disposed of. Translated: put. (1) Operate to repay the township party. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

4. Indicate the time and place. Translated as: in, in, from.

(1) Killed in the city on August 13. (2) In the summer of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, he hiked into Mount Hua from Beijing as the yellow crown.

(3) If you don't return home in time, and you will be angry when you are angry.

5. Indicate the reason. Translated: because, due to.

(1) How could King Zhao deceive Qin and evil for the sake of one? ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) With this angry blow to my county, I dare not regain the rule of the plant. ("The Tombstone of Five")

(3) King Huai did not know the distinction between loyal ministers, so he was confused by Zheng Sleeve internally and deceived Zhang Yi externally. (The Biography of Qu Yuan)

6. Basis for representation. Translated as: according to, according to, according to. (1) Today, we will actually study it. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) The rest of the ships are advancing in turn. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

Note: The object of the word "to" can sometimes be preposed and sometimes omitted.

(1) Take one as ten (idiom) (2) Night and day (idiom) (3) Autumn as a period ("Book of Songs")

(2) Conjunctions.

1. Indicates a juxtaposition or progressive relationship. It can be translated as "and", "and", "and", etc., or omitted.

(1) If the husband is near, there will be many tourists. ("The Story of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain") (2) Sudden soul palpitations with courage. ("Sleepwalking in the Sky and Leaving Farewell")

2. It indicates the inheritance relationship, and the former action is often the means or method of the latter action behavior. It can be translated as "while" or omitted.

(1) Yu and four people rushed into the fire. ("The Legend of Shi Zhong Mountain") (2) Fan Hao sideways his shield to collide. ("The Feast of the Hung Gate") (3) Each one stands and listens. ("Promoting Weaving")

3. Indicates the purpose relationship, and the latter action is often the purpose or result of the previous action behavior. It can be translated as "and", "come", "use", "to", etc.

(1) Please make the crown prince the king to stop Qin Wang. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) When you ask for a few hectares of land, on top of Yi and Ying, for the rest of the year, teach my son and Ruzi ("Sacrifice Twelve Lang Wen")

(3) Looted by the prestige of the Qin people, the sun and the moon were cut to perish ("The Theory of the Six Kingdoms")

4. Indicates causality, which is often used before the clause of the table reason, and can be translated as "because". For example:

(1) Those who do not bribe will be mourned by those who bribe ("The Theory of the Six Kingdoms") (2) The so-called Huashan Cave is also named after the yang of Huashan Mountain ("You Bao Chan Mountain")

(3) The princes were virtuous and virtuous, and they did not dare to increase their troops for more than ten years. ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

5. Indicates the modification relationship, connecting the adverbial and the central language, which can be translated as "while", or omitted. For example:

(1) Mu Xinxin is prosperous, and the spring trickles and flows. (Tao Yuanming's "Words of Return")

(3) Particles

1. Verbal aid, indicating time, direction and scope. Example:

(1) Since he was ordained, he has been lamenting all night. (to: table time) ("Teacher Table")

(2) It refers to the fifteenth year of the past to Zhao. (to: direction) ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography") (3) from the prince and below is not extravagant. (to: table range)

2. As a verbal aid, it plays the role of adjusting syllables. Example: (1) Reverse to fry my arms. ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

(4) Verbs

1. Think, think. (1) The old minister thinks that he is the king of Chang'an. ("Touching the Dragon and Saying the Empress Dowager Zhao") (2) are all beautiful to Xu Gong. ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

2. Use, appoint. (1) Loyalty does not have to be used, and virtue does not have to be used. ("Shijiang")

(5) Nouns.

Translated as: cause, reason. (1) The ancients traveled with candles, and there was a good thing (Li Bai's "Spring Night Banquet Peach and Plum Garden Preface")

(6) Leave

1. Pass "already", already. (1) Stubborn and strange. (2) The days are exhausted.

2. Pass "has", stop. (1) If there is no way, then the king?

[Thought]

1. Think that put ...... Regarded or seen. (1) The tiger looks at it, and the behemoth also thinks it is a god. (2) The good treatment of the disease is not the work!

(2) Put the ...... as or made.

(1) Take the land of Baiyue in the south, and think that Guilin and Xiangjun. (Thought: Make it to.) ）

(2) Cast as the golden man twelve.

[to be] is quite "therefore", leading to the result of the development or inference of the matter.

(1) Yu is to remember it, sigh at the simplicity of Li Yuan, and laugh at Li Bo's ugliness. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

(2) The son went and the minister did not send it, so he knew that the son hated and returned ("Xinling Jun Stealing the Talisman to Save Zhao")

The meanings of "有以] [无以] are respectively "what is the way to ......use it" and "there is no way to use it for ......"

(1) King Xiang did not respond, and said: "Sit." ("The Feast of the Hung Gate")

(2) Wang Yu is violent and happy, and violent is not right ("Zhuang Violent See Mencius")

(3) Therefore, if you don't accumulate steps, you can't reach thousands of miles; If you don't accumulate small streams, you can't become a river ("Persuasion")

(4) The minister has no grandmother, and there is no way to this day, and the grandmother has no minister, and there is no end to the rest of the year ("Chen Qing Table")

A baker's dozen. 【Cause】

(1) Prepositions.

1. In accordance with, according to.

(1) Regardless of the potential pictogram. (The Nuclear Boat)

(2) The law changer changes with the times.

(3) A good fighter leads him because of his strength.

2. Rely on, rely on.

(1) Take advantage of the convenience of profit, slaughter the world, and divide the mountains and rivers ("On the Passage of Qin")

(2) Because of the power of people, it is unkind ("Candle Wu Retreats from the Qin Division")

(3) And because of the thick coin, the minister Jin Shang. (The Biography of Qu Yuan)

3. Take advantage of this, take advantage of this.

(1) It is better to meet it accordingly. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(2) Because of the blow Pei Gong sitting. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

4. Pass, pass.

(1) Because the guest is like Lin Xiangru, he apologizes. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

5. Because, due to.

(1) Because of the construction of the Jade Qing Palace, cutting down the mountains and taking materials, some people can see it.

(2) Ensojia thinks without cause and rejoices in false rewards. (The Book of Ten Thoughts of Emperor Taizong)

(2) Adverbs.

1. So, just; Thus.

(1) The prelude case of drawing a knife and cutting it. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) It is like standing because it holds the ...... ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

2. Causes, causes, and chances.

(1) There is no cause in the present. ("Peacock Flying Southeast")

(3) Verbs

1. According to

(1) The story is suitable for things because of the world ("Five Worms")

2. Follow, continue.

(1) Inheritance of the past, because of the legacy. (The Passage of the Qin Dynasty)

(2) Add to the division and brigade, and therefore famine.

Fourteen. 【Yu】

(1) Prepositions.

1. In, from, to

(1) It is to set up nine guest rites in the court. (in) "Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography"

(2) The gentlemen, doctors, and scholars are in the Zuo Prime Minister's Mansion, and they don't know what to do.

(3) Green, taken from blue, and green from blue. (The previous "Yu": from) ("Persuasion")

(4) Died from the path and returned to Zhao. (to) "Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography"

2. "In ...... Aspect" from ...... Medium"

(1) Jing has more room than the people.

(2) To be ridiculed by others, but to be repentant of oneself. ("The Story of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain")

3. Due to

(1) Industry is good at diligence and ridiculous ("Studying Solution")

4. To, right, for.

(1) Please be ordered to ask General Sun for help ("The Battle of Red Cliffs")

(2) Lu Su heard about Liu Biao's pawn and said to Sun Quan...... (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) Love his son, choose a teacher and teach him, and be ashamed of his teacher. ("The Teacher Says")

5. Be.

(1) Jun is fortunate to King Zhao. "The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru"

(2) Therefore, Zheng Sleeve is confused internally, and Zhang Yi is deceived externally. (The Biography of Qu Yuan)

6. With, with, with.

(1) Eight feet long, each self-comparable to Guan Zhong and Le Yi.

(2) King Yan wants to marry the king. "The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru"

(3) Mo Ruo sent his heart to the east to help the world. The Battle of Red Cliffs

7. than.

(1) Confucius said: "Harsh government is fiercer than a tiger." ”

(2) Green, taken from blue, and green from blue. (The latter "Yu": than) ("Persuasion")

[So]

1. Equivalent to "in + this", at this time, in this case, on this, henceforth, therefore. Example:

(1) As a result, the guests left the table without changing color. (At this time)

(2) My father died, and my father died. (In this case) ("The Snake Catcher Says")

(3) So the king of Qin was not discouraged, and it was a blow. (In this regard) "Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography"

(4) So Yu You sighed. (Therefore) ("The Legend of Wandering Bao Zen Mountain")

(5) Sui Mo to bury Wen Gong, Jin then Shi Mo. (Henceforth)

2. Conjunctions, the succession or causal relationship between the preceding and following sentences, are the same as the modern Chinese "then". Example:

(1) So the king of Qin was not discouraged, and it was a blow. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) Wu Zhimin was distressed, so he took advantage of his fierce voice to chase each other. ("The Tombstone of Five")

(3) So he made an appointment for Chang'an Jun to take a hundred cars, and the quality was Qi. ("Touching the Dragon and Saying Empress Dowager Zhao")

[See...... 於] means passive.

(1) I have long seen and laughed at the house of generosity ("Autumn Water")

(2) Today is the only one in the stream to see the humiliation of foolishness, what is the preface to the poem of the foolish stream)

Fifteen. 【With】

(1) Prepositions.

1. Prepositions. And, with, with.

(1) Pei Gongjun's hegemony did not meet Xiang Yu ("Hongmen Banquet")

(2) And Weng returns, self and you recalculate the ear ("Promoting Weaving")

2。 Give, substitute.

(1) When Chen was young, he tried to farm with human servants. ("The Chen Shi Family")

(2) With Er Sanya, Er Qi has not forgotten the will of the father! (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

3. Than, and ...... Compare.

(1) Wu Yu and Xu Gongmei ("Zou Ji Satire Qi Wang Na Advice")

(2) Compared with Qin's gains, and those who won by victory, they are actually a hundred times higher ("Treatise on the Six Kingdoms")

(2) Conjunctions.

1. Conjunctions. And, with, with.

(1) However, the ministers and minions must not be raised and chosen ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

(2) Gou Jian carries rice and fat in the boat. ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

(3) Verbs.

1. Giving, granting.

(1) Give birth to three people, male and female; gave birth to two sons, and the husband was hungry with him. ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

(2) and a lifetime ("Hongmen Banquet")

(3) With the three arrows, it is the father's will not forget. (Preface to the Biography of Lingguan)

2. Befriending, pro-attaching.

(1) Because of the power of people, it is unkind; Lost where it was, I don't know ("Candle Warrior Retreats from the Qin Division")

(2) Friendship between union and subordination, and harmony as one ("On the Passage of Qin")

(3) Fighting with Ying but not helping the Five Kingdoms ("The Theory of the Six Kingdoms")

3. Deal with.

(1) Pang Xuan is easy to use with ears.

4. Participate, participate.

(1) Uncle Qian's son and teacher. ("Uncle Qian's Crying Master")

5. Thumbs up, agree.

(1) I and the point also.

(2) Change day and night, and the gentleman will be with him.

(4) Leave. Tong "欤". A particle at the end of a sentence that expresses an exclamation or question.

(1) Wu Nell is too much with ("Ji's Will Cut Away")

(2) The tiger is out of the sheng, and the turtle jade is destroyed in the coffin, whose fault is it ("Ji's Will Cut the Moment")

(3) Then abolish the provocation bell and ("The Matter of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

【With】【and...... 孰] means comparison and choice, translated as: "with...... Compare, which one ......"

(1) said that his wife said: "I am with Xu Gongmei in the north of the city ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

(2) Pei Gong said: "Who is the younger one? ("The Feast of the Hung Gate")

(3) The public regards General Lian and the King of Qin ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography")

(4) I and Xu Gong are beautiful ("Zou Ji satirizes the king of Qi")

[Who] [With...... 孰若] means to choose (to take the front and take the back), which is translated: "which" and "...... What is like ......"

(1) Instead of sitting and waiting for death, how can you get up and save ("Feng Wanzhen")

(2) Rather than killing a child, how to sell it ("Children's District Biography")

Sixteen. 【Then】

(1) Conjunctions.

1. Indicates the undertaking relationship. It is translated as "just", "convenient", or translated as "it was" or "it is". For example:

(1) King Xiang said: "Strong man! Bestow wine. "Then he drank with Dou Wei. ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

(2) Therefore, the wood is straight when it is roped, and the gold is sharpened. ("Persuasion")

(3) If you look at it slowly, there are stone caves under the mountain. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain")

(4) Sight, then the insect set on the crown ("Promote Weaving")

2. Representation of conditional and hypothetical relationships. Translated as "if", "if", "if...... Just "then", "on", "on".

(1) If you enter, you will not be able to leave home, and if you go out, you will be invincible to foreign patients, and the country will perish. ("Born in Sorrow, Died in Peace")

(2) If Xiang Wu is not served, he will be sick for a long time. (The Snake Catcher Says)

3. Indicates a juxtaposition. This kind of usage is used in conjunction with two or more "thens", and each word "then" is used in a clause with a similar meaning and similar structure, indicating that there is a juxtaposition between the clauses. It can be translated as "just", or not translated.

(1) If you are humble, you will be ashamed, and if you are prosperous, you will be close. ("The Teacher Says")

(2) If you enter, you will be filial, and if you go out, you will be a brother. (The Analects of Learning)

(3) If you are small, you will get a city, and if you are large, you will get a city.

(4) If you are humble, you will be ashamed, and if you are prosperous, you will be close.

4. Indicate the relationship of turning point and concession. When indicating a transition, it is used in the latter clause, which is translated as "but" and "but"; When expressing concession, it is used in the preceding clause and is translated as "although" and "rather".

(1) In his body, he is ashamed and confused. ("The Teacher Says")

(2) Tailor-made, then the double super suddenly jumps ("Promoting Weaving")

(3) Its room is far away, and its people are far away. (Book of Songs)

5. Indicates the selection relationship. It is often used in conjunction with "non" and "no", and is translated as "is" and "not...... That's it".

(1) Either Death or Migration ("The Snake Catcher Says")

(2) If you don't plant what you don't eat, you don't eat it ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

(2) Adverbs.

1. It is used in judgment sentences, playing the role of emphasis and confirmation, and can be translated as "is" and "is". For example:

(1) This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. ("The Story of Yueyang Tower")

2. Table emphasis on what has been done or discovered. It can be translated as "already", "originally", "originally".

(1) and the rivers, which are in the boat. (The Battle of the Dead)

(3) Nouns.

1. Refers to the number of words in sub-sections or self-contained paragraphs.

(1) The six articles of the Analects.

2。 Guidelines, laws.

(1) Lead by example.

(4) Verbs. Imitate.

(1) Comply with the industry of Houji and Gongliu, and the law of ancient Gong and Gongji.

(5) Leave. Same as "辄", always, often.

(1) Ju Ze said: "I don't know! ”

[It is] just yes.

(1) Burning a stranger with Dou E is to look at the face of your dead child. ("Dou E's Injustice")

The voice of admiration.

(1) The rules of continuous calling.

Seventeen. 【Who】

(1) Particles.

1. Refers to people, things, things, times, places, etc. “…… ","...... (people, things, things)".

(1) If there is a reply to Chang'anjun as a hostage, the old woman will spit on her face! ("Touching the Dragon and Saying Empress Dowager Zhao")

(2) Qin has more than 20 monarchs since Miao Gong, and there has been no firm restraint ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography")

2. Used after a number word, translated as "...... aspects""...... Kind of thing""...... things".

(1) For those who use this number, the danger of using soldiers is also. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) Or is it different from the two? ("The Story of Yueyang Tower")

3. Used as an object of "if", "like", "like", translated as "...... the way it looks".

(1) In other words, those who look like relatives ("The Snake Catcher Says")

(2) However, those who look at it back and forth and feel that there is no ability ("The Donkey of Qian")

4. It is placed after the post-placement of the definite, which is equivalent to "of".

(1) Those who ask for someone to report to Qin have not been obtained. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) In an instant, the smoke is scorching, and there are many people who burn and drown ("The Battle of Red Cliff")

5. Put it after the subject to lead to a judgment and do not have to be translated.

(1) Lian Po, Zhao Zhiliang will also. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) Teacher, so preaching and receiving karma to solve doubts. ("The Teacher Says")

6. It is used after time words such as "present" and "past", and does not need to be translated.

(1) Those who are close to the offender are punished. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) The ancients were mainly in the world, and the king was the guest.

(3) Those who are far away are several generations, and those who are near are body.

7. Place at the end of the clause to elicit the reason.

(1) However, if you can control the weak, you will be strong, not only in the sky, but also in people. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(2) The ministers who go to their relatives and serve the monarch are in vain to admire the high righteousness of the monarch. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(3) My wife's beauty is my self, and I am private. ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

(2) Modal words.

1. Place it at the end of the interrogative sentence to indicate the interrogative tone, etc.

(1) Who? The prestige of Yan Daguo is also cultivated and respected ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography")

(2) Who is the king who is the one who plans for this? ("The Hung Gate Banquet")

Eighteen. 【of】

(1) Pronouns.

1. Third-person pronouns, he, she, it(s). Sometimes it can be used in the first or second person.

(1) The Queen Mother is arrogant and pushes it. ("Touching the Dragon and Saying Empress Dowager Zhao")

(2) I don't know if the general is wide so far. (Zhi: I) ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography")

(3) The minister is the butcher of the drum knife in the market, and the son has a few surviving sons. (Zhi: I) ("Xinling Jun Stealing Talismans to Save Zhao")

(4) And the son won lightly, abandoned it and surrendered to Qin, and did he not pity the son's sister? (Zhi: I) ("Xinling Jun Stealing Talismans to Save Zhao")

(5) However, I am afraid that you will worry about me every day. (Zhi: You) ("Letter to the Wife")

2. Demonstrative pronouns, this, this.

(1) If the master desires it, neither of my two ministers wants it. ("Ji's Will Leave the Moment")

(2) The gentleman and the husband will give up what he wants and will do it (the previous "of", so. After the "of", it. ("Ji's Will Leave the Moment")

(3) What do you know about the two insects? (The Getaway)

(4) The two strategies of the equal, rather than the negative Qin song. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru")

(2) Particles.

1. It is equivalent to the "of" in modern Chinese, which is placed between the definite and the central language.

(1) The tiger is out of the sheng, and the turtle jade is destroyed in the coffin, whose fault is it? ("Ji's Will Leave the Moment")

(2) The son thinks about revenge for his parents, and the minister thinks about revenge for the king. ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

2. Put it between the subject and the predicate to cancel the independence of the sentence.

(1) The strength of the minister is also inferior to others; Now that I am old, I can't do anything. ("Candle Warrior Retreats from the Qin Division")

(2) The beauty of the guest is me, and the desire is also in me. ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi")

(3) Do not suffer from the shortcomings of the crowd, but suffer from the shame of their aspirations. ("Gou Jian Destroys Wu")

(4) The king is no different from the love of the people.

3. Place between inverted verbal (prepositional) object phrases as a sign of object advance.

(1) I don't know how to read the sentence, I don't understand it, I don't know it, I don't know it, I don't know it, I don't know it. ("The Teacher Says")

(2) For example, if you throw meat at the tiger, what is the merit? ("Xinling Jun Steals the Talisman to Save Zhao")

(3) Poetry: "Others have a heart, and they should be considerate." "—The Master's Words. ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

4. Place it between the inverted definite and the central sentence as a sign of the postposition of the definite.

(1) The worm has no claws and teeth, and the muscles and bones are strong. ("Persuasion")

(2) Who can observe with the body, and the one who receives the Wenwen ("The Biography of Qu Yuan")

5. It is used after a time word or verb (mostly an intransitive verb) to make up enough syllables and has no real meaning.

(1) Fill in the drums, take the blades of the soldiers, abandon the armor and drag the soldiers away. ("The Widow to the Country")

(2) Yu Hu lives in the room, and for a long time, he can distinguish people with the sound of his feet. (Xiang Zhixuan Zhi)

(3) In an instant, the smoke is smoky. (The Battle of Red Cliffs)

(3) Verb, to...... Go.

(1) What do you want? ("Words of Return")

(2) Xi Yizhi 90,000 miles to the south? (The Getaway)

(3) When a cow passed through the hall, the king saw it and said, "What is the ox?" ("The Affair of Qi Huan and Jin Wen")

(4) The East Guo of the Death, the sacrificer, begging for the rest; insufficient, and took care of him. ("Qi People Have a Wife and a Concubine")

2. Learn the skills of high Chinese language

It is necessary to cultivate an interest in classical Chinese

A very important reason why students don't like to learn classical Chinese is that they are under the pressure of the teacher, and they are completely coping with it, and it is definitely difficult to have interest in learning mechanically. This can only be said that good articles have been taught badly and learned crookedly.

The correct concept is that we must first regard it as an article, a good article that can stand the test of time; Then feel it and taste it as if you were reading a modern text. This is a kind of concept, and then we need to learn some knowledge of the Chinese language in order to appreciate it better.

Accumulation bit by bit and long-term persistence is an important way to learn Chinese well