The method of elevating a special statement to a general statement (or the principle of a law theorem). Empirical science comes www.biquge.info from observation and experimentation, and a large number of original records are grouped into a small number of laws and theorems to form an orderly knowledge system, which is the process of the formation of empirical science. It can be seen that what kind of induction is effective and reliable is the most important question to be studied in empirical science. Since the beginning of the strict sense of science, there has never been a cessation of exploration and debate in this area.

A method of applying general statements (or axiomatic law theorem principles) to derive a special statement or from one statement to another. In deductive arguments, the universal conclusion is the basis, while the individual conclusion is the argument. Deductive reasoning, as opposed to inductive reasoning, reflects the logical relationship between arguments and arguments from general to individual.

The main form of deductive reasoning is syllogism, i.e., major premise, minor premise, and conclusion. The premise is general facts; The minor premise is the individual thing that is demonstrated; Conclusions are arguments. To make an argument deductively, it must conform to the form of deductive reasoning.

At this point, I have to mention the most terrifying and crazy product of the last days, the virus, the reason for the formation of the end times, and the origin of everything.

Virology is an emerging discipline formed through the mutual penetration and integration between virology and molecular biology with viruses as the research object. Specifically, it is a science that studies the structure and function of the viral genome on the basis of fully understanding the general morphology and structural characteristics of the virus, explores the replication and gene expression of the viral genome and its regulatory mechanism, so as to reveal the molecular nature of viral infection and pathogenicity, and provides a theoretical basis and basis for the development of viral genetic engineering vaccines and antiviral drugs, as well as the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of viral diseases.

Virology is a science that takes the smallest non-cellular biological virus as the research object, as a class of biological factors in the earth's biosphere, human beings' understanding of the nature of viruses and their life laws has also gone through a century, virology has achieved tremendous development, and has now become an important sub-discipline in the field of life sciences. The content of virology research involves all aspects of life activities such as the type, composition, structure, metabolism, growth and reproduction, genetics, evolution, and distribution of viruses, as well as the interrelationship between viruses and other organisms and the environment.

Virology research is closely related to life science and biotechnology, because viruses are the simplest model for studying life activities, which provides a powerful tool for modern research on the structure and function of biological macromolecules, efficient expression and regulation of genomes, and provides a lot of basic information in the process of human understanding of life phenomena. At the same time, on the one hand, viruses can cause various diseases in animals, plants and humans, such as AIDS, which is still a huge threat to the survival of human beings. On the other hand, it can be used to eliminate pests, as an expression vector for exogenous genes, and can be used by humans. Virology involves a wide range of fields such as medicine, veterinary, environment, agriculture and industry, and has developed into sub-disciplines such as phage, medical virology, veterinary virology, environmental virology, plant virology and insect virology. Virology has become a key discipline that must be studied in depth to understand the essence of life, develop the national economy and ensure the health of humans and animals.

Medical virology is an important branch of virology, which mainly studies the characteristics of viruses from a medical point of view, sometimes called medical molecular virology. The research scope of medical virology includes the nature of the virus, the mode of transmission and the pathogenic mechanism, as well as the application of drugs and vaccines. It is closely related to molecular biology and pharmacology.

It does not show any life characteristics outside the cell, and all its life activities can only be carried out in the host cell of life. This type of parasitism is different from the parasitism of some microorganisms such as leprosy bacilli, rickettsia, and chlamydia, which are mainly due to the lack of exogenous nutrients or exogenous metabolic intermediates that need to be provided by the host.

First of all, viruses are pathogens that can infect almost all cell-based organisms and cause disease. According to preliminary statistics, 60~70% of human infectious diseases are caused by viral infections. From the common cold, measles, mumps, polio, rabies, hepatitis, various encephalitis, to epidemic haemorrhagic fever, senile dementia, AIDS and many cancers. Therefore, viral infectious diseases are still one of the main diseases that seriously endanger the health of the Chinese people, because of the continuous mutation of viral genes under the combined action of natural selection and population immunity, and the interaction of factors such as the aging of the social population and the acceleration of the urbanization process, the epidemic of some viral infectious diseases has not only failed to be effectively controlled, but has become more rampant. For example, the epidemic of hepatitis A, B and C, AIDS, influenza and many enteroviral diseases is still very serious. In addition, many results suggest that viruses are closely related to the occurrence of malignant tumors and a variety of chronic diseases.

At the same time, because viruses can also cause diseases of poultry, livestock, wild animals, crops, forest trees and fruits, and many other economic animals, plants and microorganisms, they cause great harm to human economic activities and the ecological environment. The study of molecular virology is to fully understand the characteristics of viruses, clarify the relationship between the structure and function of viral genes and products at the molecular level, reveal the pathogenic mechanism and essence of viruses, and provide an important theoretical basis and scientific basis for ultimately controlling the epidemic of viral diseases.

Second, because some viruses can also attack organisms that are harmful to humans, they can be an important means of biological control. For example, the lysis effect of bacteriophages on bacteria is used to treat diseases such as cholera, dysentery and typhoid; The use of insect viruses to control harmful insects, etc.

Finally, because viruses are the simplest known life units, they are ideal for molecular biology studies of replication, information transfer, mutation, and other molecular biology problems due to their relative simplicity outside the cell and the complexity of the interaction between viruses and host cells within cells. The results of the research using molecular biology methods not only promote the study of virology, but also play a huge role in promoting the development of molecular biology. In short, molecular virology is interpenetrating and promoting each other in various natural sciences today, and its research and development is not only in elucidating more major topics of modern biology; It also plays a very important role in promoting the development of biotechnology. (To be continued.) )