In China or in a country system with a certain Han cultural origin, there are many stories of dragons.

However, there are legends about dragons, and most of them are recorded in books of the genre of "Shibi". Among them, in this regard, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" is the most famous book of Zhiwei.

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"Overseas Southern Longitude" cloud: "Southern Zhurong, beast body and human face, take two dragons." Yun: "Northern Yuyi, with a human face and a bird body, and two green snakes." Yun: "Northern Yujiang, black body and siblings, riding two dragons." ”

"Overseas Western Longitude" cloud: "The field of great music, the summer queen starts, dance here for nine generations, take two dragons, cloud cover three layers." The left hand is the ring, the right hand is the ring, and Pei Yuhuang. In the north of Universiade Mountain, one said: "The wilderness of the great relics".

"Overseas Western Longitude" cloud: "The West is harvested, there is a snake in the left ear, and two dragons are multiplied."

"Overseas East Longitude" cloud: "Oriental sentences, bird body and human face, riding two dragons".

"The North Longitude of the Sea" cloud: "The abyss of the longitudinal pole,...... Ice Yi human face, take two dragons.

"The Great Wilderness West Classic" cloud: "Beyond the southwest sea, south of the red water, west of the quicksand, there are two green snakes, riding two dragons, the name is called: "open after summer".

The "Zhurong", "Qi", "Beishu", "Jumang", "Bingyi", "Kai", and "Yujiang" here are not included in the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and most of them are not well-known in Chinese history, but they were all emperors or princes of the ancient Chinese era. The biggest feature of them that distinguishes them from ordinary people is that they go out to "ride the dragon". Because the "dragon" is a special mount that ancient history has given the identity of the ancient emperor, and its symbol. Therefore, many documents have records about the ancient emperor's "riding the dragon".

In addition to the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", there are also records of the same meaning in the "Great Dai Li: Five Emperors". Literature cloud: "The Yellow Emperor rode the dragon and the clouds, and the virtue of heaven and earth; The west is as far as quicksand, and the east is as far as panwood. Emperor Yu rode a dragon in spring and summer, and a horse in autumn and winter. Hold on to the middle and win the world".

This record also introduces the "Yellow Emperor", "Zhuan", and "Emperor Yu" who traveled the world by dragon. Secondly, the historical materials about the ancient emperor's "riding the dragon" are also recorded in ancient books such as "Han Feizi", "Historical Records", and "The Biography of the Immortals".

In particular, "The Legend of the Immortals" tells us all the methods of the ancients to raise dragons and ride dragons.

The literature says: "The dragon rider seeks the dragon son in the pool, the shape is like guarding the palace, more than ten heads, and the dragon is slightly gone." After more than 50 years, the water spoiled. Once, ride the dragon to come. Lingyang Ziming, good fishing. Catch the white dragon, Ziming eats. ...... Three years, the white dragon came to welcome. Ma Shihuang, Yellow Emperor Ma Doctor. There is a dragon, the lop ear opens the mouth, the master needles his lips, and drinks licorice soup to heal. After that, once the emperor was gone. Tao An Gong, Lu'an Casting and Smelting Master. One-day ...... Suzaku Zhiye said: 'An Gongye and Tiantong, on the seventh day of July, welcome you with a red dragon. 'At the end of the period, the red dragon came, An Gong rode it, and the heavy rain went southeast, and went up. Huzi first, Hanzhong Guan under the divination master, old life for more than 2 years,...... The son holds a concubine first, and the concubine can ride it, ride the dragon, and go to Huayin Mountain."

"Historical Records: Feng Zen Book" and clouds: "The Yellow Emperor picks mountain copper, casts the tripod under the Jing Mountain, the tripod is completed, and there is a dragon hanging down the beard to welcome the Yellow Emperor." The Yellow Emperor rode up, and there were more than 70 people from the harem of the ministers, and Long Nai went up. The rest of the ministers are not allowed to go up, but they are all holding the dragon hair, the dragon hair is pulled, falling, and falling into the bow of the Yellow Emperor. The people looked up to the Yellow Emperor and went to the sky, but they held his bow and beard, so later generations called Dinghu because of its name, and its bow was called Wuhao......"

In ancient times, the representative of the Xia clan was the dragon that had been passed down for thousands of years and became more and more divine.

It is said that when Kun was ordered by the Emperor of Heaven to control the waters, he saw that the people on the ground at that time were forced by the flood, fleeing in all directions, unable to hunt and farm, and almost unable to survive. But the only way Kun can think of a flood of this magnitude is to contain it.

Seeing these floods continue to break through his dikes and dams, Kun could no longer bear the powerlessness of watching mortals suffer and be powerless, so he decided to steal the treasure of the Heavenly Court, the "Resting Soil", a soil that would grow and prevent the containment of Kun from failing. With the help of the "Resting Soil", the mortals escaped the catastrophe of the flood and began to leave the barren hills and caves and start life again on the ground. Kun was very relieved to see that these mortals were able to start living and working in peace and contentment because of his help.

Just as he was about to go back to the Heavenly Court, Yao, the master of the Heavenly Realm, was very angry that the "Xiyang" had been stolen. So the "rest of the soil" was retracted, and the flood re-ravaged the ground, and the scene of living and working in peace and contentment became an ocean again. Kun was helpless, not only could he not save these mortals, but he was also killed by Yao with thunder and lightning.

After being killed by lightning and lightning, the Kun, who failed to control the water, was full of resentment, but his body did not decay after three years. Yao Wei was afraid that Kun's body would have any changes, so he sent warriors to dissect Kun's body with a sharp Wu knife, but he didn't expect Kun's resentment to accumulate in his abdomen and turn into a yellow dragon, which is Kun's son Yu.

The "dragon slashing platform" and "staggered gorge" in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River are said to be the places where Yu cut off a dragon that opened the waterway indiscriminately and almost missed a major event. The Xia Dynasty, which was then established, was both the first dynasty in Chinese history and a clan with the dragon as its totem.

And "Hanshu Xuandi Ji" contains: "In the summer and April of the first year of Ganlu, Huanglong saw Xinfeng. The three-year edict said: The phoenix gathers Xincai, and the birds are lined up on all sides, all standing to the phoenix, with tens of thousands", "The edict of the second spring and February of the second year of the god said: The first month is ugly, the phoenix and the manna descend to the Beijing division, and the birds are from tens of thousands. In the fourth winter and October, the phoenix eleven, set Duling. In December, the phoenix set on the forest".

"Hanshu Chengdi Ji" contains: "In the winter of the first year of Hongjia, Huanglong saw the truth. In February of the second year of Yongshi, the edict said that the dragon was seen in Donglai, the sun was eclipsed, the sky was mutated, and I was very afraid."

"The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Five Elements Chronicles" contains: Emperor Lingguang and the first year of June Ding Chou, there is a black gas in the east courtyard of the Wenming Hall of the North Palace, black as a car cover, up and fast, the body is five-colored, there is a head, the body is more than ten zhang long, and the shape looks like a dragon. In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huanglong appeared in Chishui, Wuyang, and left after staying for nine days.

According to the "Historical Records of the Feng Zen Book", the Dragon Emperor, also known as the Heavenly Emperor, also known as the Jade Emperor, is said to be the incarnation of the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation. It is recorded in the "Historical Records of Feng Zen Book" that the Yellow Emperor and the common people mined copper ore in the mountain, and cast the mined copper into a large copper tripod and placed it at the foot of Jing Mountain. When the bronze tripod is cast, there is a dragon hanging down the beard to welcome the Yellow Emperor's ascension to heaven. The Yellow Emperor rode on the back of the dragon, and his ministers, wives and children also climbed up one after another, with a total of more than 70 people. At this time, the dragon ascended to the sky, and the rest of the ministers couldn't squeeze in, and they all grabbed the dragon's beard one by one. The dragon beard couldn't stand the weight and broke, and the bow carried by the Yellow Emperor was also pulled down, and the ministers had to hold the dragon hair and the bow and cry. After the Yellow Emperor ascended to heaven, he became the emperor of heaven.

In the "Historical Records: The Book of Heavenly Officials", it is said that the Yellow Emperor is the incarnation of the Yellow Dragon. The Yellow Dragon is the Dragon Emperor, the five elements belong to the earth, located in the center, is the dragon family, and is also the master of the heavenly court in the Taoist religious view.

It is also mentioned in the classics of the Han Dynasty: "The Yellow Dragon is the length of the four directions, the positive color of the four directions, and the essence of the gods." It can be huge, it can be small, it can be quiet, it can be bright, it can be short, it can be long, it can survive, it can die. The king does not filter the pond and fishes, and the Deda abyss should swim in the pond and marsh in harmony. ”

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As one of the religious representatives of China, Taoism, the dragon also has a certain status.

There are "Dragon King Products" in the "Taishang Dongyuan Divine Mantra", which lists the "Five Emperors and Dragon Kings" distinguished by direction, the "Dragon Kings of the Four Seas" distinguished by the ocean, and the names of 54 dragon kings and 62 divine dragon kings distinguished by all things in heaven and earth. During the reign of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the dragon pond of the ancestral hall was set up, and the altar official was set up to sacrifice, and the dragon king was sacrificed to the rain master. Song Taizu followed the Tang Dynasty system of sacrificing five dragons. In the second year of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty (11o8), the five dragons in the world were all crowned kings. The god of the green dragon is the king of Guangren, the god of the red dragon is the king of Jiaze, the god of the yellow dragon is the king of Fuying, the god of the white dragon is the king of Yiji, and the god of the black dragon is the king of Lingze. In the second year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the dragon god of the canal was named "the god of the dragon king who should divide the water in Yanxuxian", and the governor of the river was made to pay tribute at the right time.

Therefore, the duty of the dragon king is to spread the clouds and rain, eliminate the heat and troubles for people, and the dragon king to control the water has become a common belief among the people.

"Taishang Dongyuan Divine Mantra" in the "Dragon King Pin" said: "The land is hot and drought, the five grains are not harvested, and I don't know how to time it", the first Tianzun came to the land by the five-colored clouds, and the dragon kings of the heavens preached the righteous law, purified all sentient beings, and the heavy rain and torrent, and was sweet and moist at the right time.

In "Journey to the West": Ao Guang in the East China Sea, Ao Qin in the South China Sea, Ao Yan in the West Sea, and Ao Shun in the North Sea. The green face and red beard are east, the white beard is west, the orange beard is south, and the black beard is north

Dragons are divided into heavenly dragons, earth dragons, and sea dragons, and the so-called dragon kings of the four seas are essentially the dragon kings of the four seas, not the real dragon kings, but the lords of the sea areas where they are located.

On the day of the birth of the dragon king, there are differences in various documents and local folklore. In the old days, temples dedicated to the dragon king were almost as common as temples of the city god and land. Whenever the wind and rain are out of balance, there is no rain for a long time, or when the rain does not stop for a long time, the people have to go to the Dragon King Temple to burn incense and pray for the Dragon King to control the water and the wind and rain to be smooth.

The dragon is a kind of supernatural animal in Chinese legend that is good at change, can make clouds and rain, and benefit all things. Ancient books describe many different images. One is said to be slender and has four legs, a horse and a snake tail. One said that he was dressed in scale armor, with a head with horns and five claws.

The "Compendium of Materia Medica" says that "dragons have nine similarities", which is an outlier that has the strengths of various animals. Its names are numerous, those with scales are called dragons, those with wings are called dragons, there are horns and many of them, and there are no horns and names. The small one is called Jiao, and the big one is called the dragon. Legend has it that it can be visible and hidden, small and huge, short and long. The spring equinox ascends to the sky, the autumn equinox dives into the abyss, calling for wind and rain, omnipotent.

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During the Han Dynasty, it can almost be said to be a rising stage of dragon culture.

In addition to the historical records, a large number of idioms and allusions about dragons in later generations are from this time. Among them, Ye Gonghaolong and busy traffic are among the representatives.

Ye Gong is a good dragon: Once upon a time, there was a man named Ye Gong who liked dragons very much. In his house, dragons were painted on the walls, dragons were carved on the pillars, and dragons were embroidered on the covers of the clothes he wore were embroidered. The true dragon in the sky heard that Ye Gong liked dragons, so he came to Ye Gong's house to visit him, stretched his long tail on the hall, and poked his head into the window to look. When Ye Gong saw the true dragon in the sky, he was so frightened that his face changed color, and he hurriedly hid.

It turned out that Ye Gong didn't like real dragons, but those fake dragons that were painted, embroidered, and carved.

Busy traffic: Ma Shi, the youngest daughter of Ma Yuan, a famous general in the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the early death of her parents, she took care of the affairs of the family at a very young age, and took care of the housework in an orderly manner, and her relatives and friends praised her as a capable person. At the age of thirteen, Ma was elected to the palace. She was first the empress who waited for Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty and was very favored. After the death of Emperor Guangwu, the crown prince Liu Zhuang ascended the throne, that is, Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty, and Ma was named a nobleman. Since she has never given birth, she adopted one of Jia's sons and named him Liu Xu. In 6o AD, because the Empress Dowager was very fond of her, she was made the empress of Emperor Ming.

Ma became the queen, and her life was still very frugal. She often wore coarse cloth clothes with unedged skirts. When some of the concubines saw her, they thought she was wearing clothes made of particularly good materials. When I got closer, I realized that it was a very ordinary cloth, and I respected her even more.

Queen Ma is knowledgeable and reasonable, and often carefully reads works such as "Spring and Autumn" and "Chu Ci". Once, Emperor Ming deliberately showed her the minister's piece and asked her what to do, and she put forward a pertinent opinion on the spot after reading it. But she did not interfere in the government because of this, and never took the initiative to talk about the affairs of the court again.

After the death of Emperor Ming, Liu Xu ascended the throne, which was Emperor Zhang of Han. Empress Ma is revered as the Empress Dowager. Soon, Emperor Zhang, on the advice of some ministers, planned to knight the brother of the Empress Dowager. Empress Dowager Ma complied with the late Guangwu Emperor's rule that the family should not be crowned a marquis, and clearly opposed this, so the matter was not done.

The following summer, there was a great drought. Some ministers said again that the reason for this year's severe drought was because they did not close their relatives last year. They again asked for the division of Uncle Ma's uncle.

Empress Ma still disagreed, and issued a special edict for this purpose, which said: "Anyone who proposes to knight his relatives wants to flatter me and gain benefits from it." What does the great drought have to do with the knighthood? We must remember the lessons of the previous dynasty, because favoring noble relatives will lead to a catastrophe of overturn. The first emperor did not allow his relatives to hold important positions, and this was the precautionary measure. In the future, how can we let Ma go the way again?"

The edict continued: "The uncles of the Ma family are all very wealthy. As the queen mother, I still don't want to eat and dress simply. The left and right palace concubines are also as frugal as possible. The purpose of my doing this is to make an example for the following, so that my relatives can see and reflect on themselves. However, instead of blaming myself, they laughed at me for being too frugal. A few days ago, I passed by the door of the dragon garden, where my mother's family lived, and saw people coming to my uncle's house from outside to greet and say goodbye, the car kept driving like flowing water, and the horses kept coming and going, like a swimming dragon, swaggering very much. The servants of their household were neatly dressed, with green clothes and white collars and sleeves; Look at our cars, far worse than them. I tried to control myself and didn't blame them. They only know their own pleasures, and they don't worry about the country at all, so how can I agree to give them a knight?"

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