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Chapter 116

After the Jingkang Rebellion, the fanatical belief in Taoism gradually cooled in the Song court, which moved south. Pinshu.com

The rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty were no longer as fanatical about Taoism as Zhenzong and Huizong, and Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty also corrected the malpractices of Huizong's worship of Taoism. The management of Taoism was also strengthened, and there were strict restrictions on the establishment of palaces and Taoist monks.

However, the rulers still believed in Taoism, and worshipped Cui Fujun and the Four Sages Zhenjun as the royal protectors to protect half of their rivers and mountains. Taoist spells have also won the trust of the rulers, and they are used, and whenever there is a disaster or festival, they all order the Taoist priests to do things in order to ensure smooth weather and peace for the country and the people.

The rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty greatly advocated Taoist ethical thoughts, such as Song Lizong's recommendation of the Taoist book "Tai Induction Chapter" to the society, and personally wrote the inscription "Do not do all evil, all good should be pursued", persuading people to do good deeds and avoid retribution from the gods. Advocated by the rulers, the "Induction Chapter" was widely popular in the society, and then it formed a number of Taoist persuasion books, with the mission of cleaning up people's hearts and maintaining social order.

The rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty used Taoism to stabilize society and consolidate imperial power.

Moreover, unlike the "Neidan faction", the Southern Song Dynasty court mainly supported the "Fu Zheng faction".

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The Taoist Fu Zheng School, also known as Fu Shui Taoism, is a general name for the Taoist schools that mainly use charms and other methods to cure diseases and exorcise ghosts. The early Wudou Rice Dao, Taiping Dao, the later Lingbao School, the Qing School, and the Zhengyi all belong to the Fu Gong School. Since the Song and Yuan dynasties, the school has innovated the old teachings in accordance with the new trend, and produced new Fu Gong Taoist schools such as Shenxiao, Qingwei, and Jingming, which have made a new development of Fu Gong Fangshu. After the Yuan Dynasty, the Fu Gong sect was unified in Taoism.

The sect was developed from the ancient witch and ghost Taoism, and used talismans to pray for the purpose of eliminating disasters and disasters, curing diseases and pestilences, and helping life and death, etc., and was closely related to the life and customs of the people.

Zhang Jiashi's Taoism before crossing over was also a branch of the Fu Gong sect.

The Taoist sect of Fu Zheng was the head of the Zhai Jiao Dharma, and it was the most prosperous in the Tang Dynasty. The main Fu sects are Qing, Lingbao, Zhengyi, Shenxiao, Qingwei and so on.

The founder of the Shenxiao faction was Wang Qing, a Taoist priest from southwest Jiangxi in the late Northern Song Dynasty.

During the reign of Huizong, Lin Lingsu used the power of the emperor to promote the "Shenxiao Thunder Method", which made it popular. Since then, it has been passed down from generation to generation, and its tribes have multiplied. Shenxiao Thunder is a talisman spell that is said to be able to summon thunder and rain. This school believes that the Taoist practice must be based on the cultivation of the inner dan, "refining the inner pill into the dan, and using the external into the law", advocating the integration of the inner pill and the talisman.

The founder of the Qingwei faction was Zu Shu, a native of Lingling, Guangxi in the late Tang Dynasty. After five dynasties of the Northern Song Dynasty and the late Southern Song Dynasty, its influence gradually increased. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the 10th grandmaster Huang Shunshen was famous in the capital for being good at the Qingwei Thunder Method, and the imperial brother Zhao Mengduan worshipped him as a teacher and learned the Qingwei Thunder Method with him.

At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Taoist priest Zhou Zhengong praised Xu Xun and other six true immortals to descend, spread the secret method of Jingming Lingbao, and founded Jingming Dao. This sect preached a new talisman of the "Pure Enlightenment Method". Jingming Dao also attaches great importance to the cultivation of the inner dan, emphasizing the combination of the talisman and the inner dan. It attaches great importance to the ethics of loyalty and filial piety, forming the characteristics of this school.

Jingmingdao is one of the Taoist sects, also known as Jingmingzhong, filial piety, which was founded in the early Southern Song Dynasty. Legend has it that during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Xu Xun, a Taoist priest in Nanchang, Jiangxi, had a miracle and lifted his family to soar. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the belief in the deification of Xu Xun appeared in the local area.

In the second year of the reign of Emperor Hui of the Song Dynasty, Xu Xun was crowned as the true monarch of Miaoji, and Xu Xun's belief was more prevalent in the Xishan area of Nanchang. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Liu Yu, a hermit in Xishan, claimed to have met Xu Xun and other immortals, and gave him the Jingming Dao Essentials, so he founded the Jingming Taoist School, taking Nanchang Xishan as the active heart, and there were many scholars for a while. Liu Yu's new Pure Ming Dao took Xu Xun as his ancestor and called himself the second-generation patriarch.

The doctrine of Pure Ming Tao is characterized by the integration of Confucianism and Taoism. The sect claims to be pure and loyal and filial, "Gai Qi said that the heart is pure, and the system must be loyal and filial piety." The so-called pure light, that is, the sincerity of the heart, teaches people to be pure and have few desires, so that the heart is not moved by material desires, does not stain things, does not touch things, and is quiet and void and reaches the realm of no pure emptiness, which is called pure and clear. It is derived from the Taoist theory that the Tao is pure and void and does not stagnate in things. The purpose of the proposal is to make the mind and behavior of the cultivators conform to the feudal ethical norms, consciously abide by the way of loyalty, filial piety, honesty, prudence, generosity and tolerance, and be loyal ministers, filial sons and good citizens. Jingming Dao strongly emphasized the road of loyalty and filial piety and maintained the feudal program, so it was praised by many important ministers and Confucian scholars in the Yuan and Ming dynasties. Later, the religion gradually came under the orthodox one.

It is said that the Pure Enlightenment Dao occurred in the worship of Xu Xun Zhenren. The Tang Dynasty began to spread the deeds of Xu Xun, and made him immortal, and there was a cult fever. During the reign of Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian, Mr. Dong Zhen Hu Huichao restored Xu Xun's memorial site - Xishan Youweiguan, and wrote a book to publicize Xu Xun's filial piety, which prepared for the formation of Jingming Dao in the Southern Song Dynasty.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, after the vigorous advocacy of the rulers, Xu Xun's image of loyalty and filial piety was established, and the people's worship of him gradually warmed up, laying the mass foundation for the formation of the pure Ming Dao with Xu Xun as the founder of the Southern Song Dynasty.

He Shoucheng of the Southern Song Dynasty said that Xu Xun Zhenjun descended to Lingxi Mountain at the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, and used the secret method of Lingbao Jingming to transform the people into loyalty, filial piety, honesty and prudence. In fact, this He Shoucheng is the founder of the Southern Song Dynasty Jingming Dao. He Shoucheng passed on more than 500 disciples, and clearly showed "loyalty and filial piety" as a banner, which is different from the Tang Dynasty's Xu Xun worship focused on "filial piety". The emergence of the Pure Ming Dao is closely related to the Lingbao School, and some people believe that it originated from the Lingbao School.

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Xu Xun, the word Jingzhi, a famous Taoist priest in the Jin Dynasty, a native of Yitangpo, Changding Township, Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province, his ancestral home is Runan, his father Xu Su led his family to avoid war and moved to Nanchang in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and Xu Xun was born in Yitangpo, Nanchang County in the second year of Wu Chiwu.

And in terms of his name, Xu Xun may have been a believer in the Heavenly Master Dao at the beginning.

In the first year of Jin Taikang, he was filial piety and honesty, and served as the Jingyang Order, known as Xu Jingyang, Xu Tianshi, and Xu Zhenjun. A famous figure of Taoism, the ancestor of Jingming Dao, and the immortal of the people's beliefs.

Legend has it that Xu Xun cut the dragon to control the water, and was praised by the imperial court and loved by the people of the past dynasties, and was known as the god of magic and the true monarch of loyalty and filial piety.

According to legend, he is the author of Taoist classics such as "Ling Jianzi". According to the Taoist records, he rarely took hunting as a profession, and one day he went into the mountains to shoot deer, and the deer fetus fell to the ground, and the doe licked its cubs and died.

Xu Xun suddenly realized, folded the crossbow and returned, and began to live in the house of the Jin family in Xishan to cultivate. Hearing that Wu Meng, a person from Yuzhang, had the warlock Ding Yi Shenfang, he worshiped Wu Meng, the king of the Great Cave, as his teacher, and passed on the Sanqing Law.

He is endowed with intelligence, and is well-versed in classics and history, heaven, geography, medicine, yin and yang, and the five elements of yin and yang, and is especially fond of Taoist cultivation of magic. At the age of twenty, he is filial piety, and he is repeatedly recommended. At the age of twenty-nine, Wu Meng, the king of Xi'an Dadong, learned the Tao and learned the secret. At the age of thirty-six, he and the scholar Guo Pu visited the famous mountain resorts together, and finally chose the Xiaoyao Mountain in the western suburbs of Nanchang to live in seclusion, only seeking cultivation, not wanting to be a master, and on weekdays with filial piety, loyalty, and faithfulness in the township, deeply respected by the villagers.

It was not until he was forty-two years old in the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty that he was difficult to refrain from resigning due to the repeated courtesy orders of the imperial court, so he went to Sichuan to serve as the commander of Jingyang County.

When Xu Xun arrived in Jingyang, he went to be greedy, commuted the punishment, advocated benevolence and filial piety, approached the virtuous and far away from the traitor, and implemented many measures to benefit the country and help the people. One year, when the flood in Jingyang caused no harvest in the low fields, Xu Xun asked a large number of peasants to go to the government to cultivate the fields and use work as a substitute for taxes, so that the victims of the disaster could be rescued. At that time, the plague was epidemic, Xu Xun used the prescription he learned to treat it, and the medicine was cured, and the people were grateful and respected like parents. At that time, a folk song was sung in Jingyang: "No theft, no deception, my king is alive, and I can't do anything when I'm sick." "Praise Xu Xun's merits. People from neighboring counties have come to join them, and the number of households in Jingyang has increased greatly. Xu Xun has been in Jingyang for ten years, and he has been honest and honest and has outstanding political achievements, and is affectionately called "Xu Jingyang".

In the first year of Taixi, in view of the chaos in the Jin Dynasty, it was expected that state affairs could not be done, and Xu Xun returned to the east. When he set off, the send-off was sheltered in the wilderness; some built a shrine for him, painted a statue of a god, and offered sacrifices all year round; some followed thousands of miles to Xishan, gathered to live together, and Xu Xun was a companion, all changed their surnames to Xu, and they were called "Xu Jiaying".

After Xu Zhenjun returned to the east, when the dragon of Pengli Lake was harmed, and the flood lasted for many years, Xu Zu led the disciples to walk all over the lake area. He not only controlled the water for Yuzhang, but also went to Hunan, Hubei, Fujian and other places to eliminate floods, winning the widespread respect of the people.

Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was in the fourth year of Daxing, Xu Xun lived in seclusion in the southern suburbs of Nanchang at the site of Meixian Temple, founded the Taoist Institute, the name of Taijiguan, the forehead said "Jingming True Realm", and established the Jingming Taoist School. Its purpose is "pure and loyal and filial piety".

Legend has it that Xu Xun lived to be one hundred and thirty-six years old, and on the first day of August in the second year of Ningkang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, 42 people from his family flew into the sky together to become immortals, and the world respected him as "Xu Xian". In recognition of his merits, the Eastern Jin Dynasty changed the name of Jingyang County to Deyang County.

Later generations built Xu Xian Temple in Xishan, where he lived, built Jingyang Temple in Nanchang Tiezhu Palace, and was commended by the previous dynasties, and Song Wang Anshi wrote "Xu Jingyang Ancestral Hall".

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The Taoist ritual that the "Fu Gong School" is best at is Zhai Jiao, also known as Zhai Jiao ceremony.

Zhai originally means Qi and Jing, and later it means fasting and cleansing, which means that before the sacrifice, you must bathe and change your clothes, do not eat meat and wine, and do not sleep in the house, so as to show the sincerity of the sacrificer. The beginning of the Tao to receive this ceremony, the beginning of the prayer, vegetarian pure heart, bathing and cleansing, called "fasting" at the beginning of "accumulating virtue and relieving sorrows", and then "and God to protect life", and then "dedication", "happiness", "harmony", that is, "cultivation", this is the highest state of fasting. Therefore, Taoism attaches great importance to fasting and has formulated a set of fasting methods.

Various fasting methods have different meanings, such as the Golden Seal Zhai "eliminate natural disasters and protect the emperor of the town", the Jade Seal Zhai "save the people, please thank you", the Yellow Seal Zhai "pull out the suffering of the nine hells" and so on.

Now the Taoist priest of the Quanzhen sect still maintains a vegetarian diet. On the first day, the fifteenth day of the Lunar New Year or other religious festivals, the Zhengyi Taoist temple requires vegetarian food, and so on. They are all fasting to serve the Tao.

Jiao originally meant sacrifice, which was an ancient ritual. "Saying" says that one is a crown and the other is a sacrifice. Taoism inherited and developed the sacrificial side of Jiao as a way to commune with the gods.

"Jiao" also has "Jiao method". The so-called "Jiao Law" refers to the procedures, etiquette and other rules of the Jiao Ceremony.

There are many names of "Jiao", and there will be corresponding Jiao names for everyone in the world, such as Jiulong Jiao for Rain, Zhengyi Chuan Du Jiao, Luo Tian Da Jiao and so on. Zhai method and Jiao law are different, and later merged with each other, to the Sui and Tang dynasties, "Zhai Jiao" is called together, which has been passed down to this day and has become synonymous with Taoist rituals.

"Jiao rituals" refer to certain laws and regulations on which Jiao prayer activities are based. Generally, there are yang things and yin things, and there are also clear Jiao and secluded Jiao.

There are prayers for blessings and thanksgiving, but illness and longevity, blessings for the country, prayers for rain, relief of misfortune and disasters, birthday celebrations, etc., belong to the Taiping Jiao and other rituals.

There are such things as summoning the souls of the dead, bathing the bridge, breaking the prison and breaking the lake, refining and giving food, etc., which belong to the ritual of helping the dead and fasting.

The Gongguan Taoist congregation has to hold birthday celebrations, celebrations and other ceremonies every time it is a new year, a sun, an important festival, and a Christmas of the patriarch.

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In the late Southern Song Dynasty, the Jingming Dao, which was originally very prosperous, was gradually replaced by the Qingwei Dao.

Its main developer, Huang Shunshen, is the main descendant of the Qing Wei School in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, and his common name is Ying Yan, the word is obscure, and Shunshen is his legal name. A native of Jianning, Fujian. Born in a Fujian family, he has little knowledge of history and history. In the sixteenth year, his father was in the shogunate of Guangxi, and he met Nan Bidao, a grandmaster of the Qingwei faction in Guangxi, and was awarded the Qingwei Thunder Method.

Baohui of the Southern Song Dynasty served as a reviewer and was famous for the Qingwei Thunder Law. Li Zong summoned him, and the imperial book "Lei Yuan Zhenren" was given to him. Yuan Shizu to the twenty-third year of the Yuan Dynasty, should go to Que, play to Mingmin. Not long after, begging to return to the mountain, and awarded "Lei Yuan Guangfu Puhua Zhenren". The disciples were numerous. It is divided into two branches, south and north, to spread the clear and micro thunder method.

One took Fujian Jianning as the heart, and was passed on by his disciple Xiong Daohui Peng Ruli, then Zeng Guikuan, then Zhao Yizhen, then Liu Yuanran, then Shao Yizheng, and then Yu Daochun, and then passed on to the south, and his disciples were later deacons in Nanjing Chaotian Palace.

One is based on Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province and spread in the north, and its disciples Zhang Daogui, Ye Yunlai, and Liu Daoming pass on Zhang Shouqing, and then pass on Zhang Yi, Peng Tongwei, etc. This branch is actually a true Taoist priest and a practitioner of the Pure Micro Dharma.

Huang Shunshen is not only the main successor of the Qing micro-thunder method in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, but also the master of the collection and theory of the Qing micro-thunder method. Chen Cai's "Qing Wei Xian Spectrum" preface: Huang Shunshen "Qin Si wrote, expounded the purpose, and his book was prepared at the beginning. ”

And in this period, Qingwei Dao "Where the Fu Zhang, the Dao Zhai Fa Lei Fa, the rate is more Huang Shi derived." ”

The Qingwei Taoist works preserved in the "Orthodox Daozang", such as "Qingwei Yuan Descending Dafa", "Qingwei Shenlie Secret Law", "Qingwei Zhai Method", "Qingwei Dan Law", "Qingwei Xuanshu Recital Ceremony", etc., are all from the hands of Huang Shunshen and his disciples.

The Qingwei faction also takes the thunder law as a thing, and its thunder law theory is also similar to the Shenxiao faction. It is still the unity of heaven and man, the combination of inner (refining) and outer (dharma), and the inner refining is the foundation. Emphasizing sincerity can be felt in the sky, and cultivation in the inside can be sent outward. "Qingwei Zhai Method" Cirrus Cloud: "Gai Xing is mainly based on righteousness and sincerity. If the heart is not right, it is not enough to feel things;

If you are not sincere, you are not enough to understand the mind. God is here, and things should be there, so although thousands of miles, you can breathe within reach. Again: "The generals are only on their bodies, and the gods are not far from the square." "Generals and gods all refer to the ghosts and gods who are impeached when the thunder law is performed. It means that the ability to impeach and summon ghosts and gods all depends on sincerity and deep internal refining work. "Dao Fa Hui Yuan" Volume 1 "Law Preface" also said: "The wonderful use of the five elements, silent and unmoving, and the feeling is passed." The husband heaven and the earth are so empty that they are alive, and they are quiet and angry. If a person can be empty, his mind will be seen, and his mind will be melted.

...... All the anger is there, the feeling is in me, the should be there, and the action is in me. It is the thunder that I make, the gods who call me, and the opportunity to inspire is not here. Therefore, the sect's book "Qingwei Dan Law" is dedicated to the way of inner Dan cultivation.

His "Hair Chapter" quotes Lei Yuanzhenren's words: Wind, clouds, thunder, rain, fire, etc., are all based on the profound internal refining work of the practitioner, and when they are on the spot, they are released from the body by luck: "The ears are hot and the wind is born, the eyes are black and the clouds are born, the belly shakes is thunder, the sweat is rain, and the fire is born when the eyes are dizzy." The income is quiet for a long time, the breath of the gods is adjusted, and the inner realm is not out, and the outer realm is not entered, but the body is not self-possessed, and the heaven and earth are void and the light is fixed,...... The magic of recovering luck seven times in one go,...... Brew five things, when the altar is approaching, dial the turn, and follow the trick. ”

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