Chapter XXXIV: The Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt

readx;? In northern Egypt, the Pharaoh's military campaign did not achieve much, and Sinusel personally led an expedition to Canaan (Palestine) and captured the Canaanite city-state of Sekmun, but did not carry out the conquest to the end. The www.biquge.info soon withdrew, and only the traditional sphere of influence of Egypt was not violated.

Years later, Sinusel II and Sinusel III began to govern in coalition.

The pyramid of Sinusellt III was erected in Dashure and is made of rough stone bricks, making it the largest pyramid of the Twelfth Dynasty. In addition, a tomb was built in Abydos, the sacred site of the god Osiris, which is the largest underground tomb found in Egypt today, so it is uncertain where it was buried.

Amenemhart III, reign: years.

Amenemhat III, the son of Sinuset III, succeeded to the throne of Egypt and was the sixth pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt.

During his father's reign, government institutions had been reformed, mainly dividing the country into three regions, which were under the direct control of the pharaoh. Amemhat III continued to refine the system, thus limiting the power of local officials.

Although there were few wars waged during his reign and the people loved the king, the economy was depressed due to various construction projects and the reduction of the volume of water in the Nile. At the same time, the kingdom encouraged foreign construction workers (West Semites) to stay and settle in the delta, causing the local ruling order to spiral out of control.

A brief introduction to the origins of these West Semites:

In the same year, the Semites migrated to Nineveh in the Silesian region of northern Mesopotamia (Iraq), and along the Arabian steppes to Syria, Canaan (Palestine), the Sinai Peninsula, and the Arabian Peninsula.

Over time, the Semitic people who were distributed in northern Mesopotamia were called Eastern Semites because of their location in the east, while the Semitic people from the area west of Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean Peninsula, including the Arabian Peninsula and the Sinai Peninsula, were called Western Semites.

A branch of the West Semites was later called the Bedouins. They have been nomadic to the west, invaded the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, and settled there, posing a major threat to the security of Egypt, because of the difference in race, they were conquered by the king of the first dynasty of Egypt, Deng, and finally defeated by Deng. This was the first time Egypt was challenged by the Semites, and the challenges continued.

Far from Mesopotamia and Egypt, the centers of civilization, the West Semitic people never established their own civilization system, and most of them maintained a tribal clan system and a nomadic life, which was no different from their life in the northern steppes.

In the early days, the West Semitic and Eastern Semites were cut off by the Ebla Kingdom of Syria on the land route, so the West Semitic and Eastern Semitic gradually drifted apart, and at this time, the Eastern Semitic and Sumerian civilization began to merge, and the degree of civilization showed a leap forward.

Around the end of the reign of Akkadian king Naram Sin, he broke the Syrian city of Ebradu and burned it, and the Ebra dynasty was weakened but weakened, opening the passage of the West Semites to Mesopotamia.

At this time, the Sisemites first entered Mesopotamia, and these Sisemites who entered Mesopotamia were called the Amorites. In the same year, they founded the Larsa dynasty. It was also during this period that the ancestors of the Hebrews (a tribe of the Amorites) entered the Sumerian region. After the establishment of the Larsa dynasty, he lived in the city of your.

In the year, the West Semites invaded the Second Ebra Dynasty, broke the blockade of the Second Ebra Dynasty, occupied the entire territory of Syria, established many principalities in Syria, and the road to Mesopotamia was completely opened, and the communication between the Eastern Semitic civilization and the West Semitic civilization became easier.

Years later, a persistent drought occurred throughout the Mediterranean, including Canaan, which caused famine and forced the Semitic people to flee to Egypt in large numbers, initially working as construction laborers.

Amenemhat III, who allowed Asian immigrants (West Semites) to enter the delta region to provide an adequate labor force for his mining industry and hydraulic projects. But the drought also affected Egypt, leaving the Nile River short of water, which greatly affected irrigated agriculture, the decline of the country, and the consumption of large-scale construction efforts.

Beginning with the beginning of the year, the West Semitic people, Asian immigrants living in the Nile Delta region and the Sinai Peninsula, began to divide the cities of the Nile Delta. The Sisemites had settled in Sinai as early as the time of the First Dynasty Pharaoh Deng, who had conquered them and called them Bedouins. After thousands of years of infiltration, the West Semites had been widely distributed in the Nile Delta region, and later they established the Hyksos dynasty, so the Egyptians called them Hyksos. And the Hebrews were only part of the tribe of the Hyksos, because they were latecomers, and did not have a dominant position.

As the rule of the Eleventh and Twelfth Dynasties, which had been established after the First Intermediate Period, had been solid, the Western Semites could only wait for their chance, until this time, the eastern Nile Delta city of Avarius became independent, which was the prelude to the beginning of the Fourteenth Dynasty. However, at that time, only the independence of this city did not affect the overall situation, and perhaps the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt was already showing signs of decline at this time, so it did not take any measures to deal with it, or it may have been unable to deal with it.

His first pyramid was built in Tashur, but because of the instability of the foundation, there was a serious construction accident, so it is also known as the Black Pyramid. Although the king had spent 15 years building it, he eventually chose Hawala, near Faiyum, to build the second pyramid.

His second pyramid was the most complex Egyptian pyramid, and after the king's death, he was buried in Hawala, Faiyum, to build the second pyramid.

Amenemhat IV, reigned 9 years and 3 months.

Amenemhat IV, the son of Amenemhat III, succeeded to the throne of Egypt and was the seventh pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt. After his death, the kingdom rapidly declined.