Chapter 52: Assyria's War of Conquest against Mitanni
readx;? Enlil Nilari quickly gathered his army and counterattacked. Pen, fun, and www.biquge.info
In the same year, the two countries met at Sujaji on the banks of the Tigris River, Babylon was defeated, and Assyria not only restored its former borders, but also expanded further. Eventually, the two countries signed a peace treaty, bordered by Sasiri, south of Sujaji.
Aric den Ely, reigned for years.
Aric den Eli succeeded to the Assyrian throne and was the third king of the Central Assyrian kingdom.
Arik den Eli consolidated Assyria's power and succeeded in expanding his influence east of the Zagros Mountains through warfare, conquering the Lurubi and Guti.
In the year of the Elanguti dynasty in the Zagros Mountains, it was destroyed by Assyria.
In Syria, Arik den Eli defeated the Alamesian tribal alliance.
The Hittite king Murshili II recovered part of the territory occupied by Assyria and captured the city of Kalkemish, completing the conquest of all of Syria (except Mitanni).
Atad Nilari I, reigned for years.
Atad al-Nilari I succeeded to the Assyrian throne and was the fourth king of the Central Assyrian kingdom.
Atad Nelari I had Calhu (Nimrud) in the Tigris Valley as his capital.
Murshili II was too busy with the war in Syria to ignore the war in Mitanni.
During the reign of King Shatuwara I of Mitanni, the Assyrian king Attad al-Nilari I continued to expand northwestward, with Mitanni and his ally Hittite as the main enemy.
In the year Assyria seized the city of Calkemysh from the Hittites and captured the Mitanni city of Shupraia> Atad al-Nilari I claimed to have captured Shatuwara I and brought him back to the city of Ashur, where Shatuwara I swore an oath to become a vassal of Assyria.
Afterwards, he was allowed to return to Mitanni, where he paid a large tribute to Attad Nilari I.
The Assyrians further intensified their invasion, conquering Taytu, the former capital of Mitanni, and annexing Washukani, Amasaku, Kahat, Shuru, Nabra, Hula, and Shutuhu >They conquered Iritu and destroyed it, sprinkling salt on the land around the city. Vasashata's wives, sons, and daughters were escorted to the city of Ashur along with a large amount of booty and captivity.
In Silesia, where the Assyrian state was located at that time, there was plenty of rain and no irrigation was required, and the salinization of farmland was not very serious. But the Assyrian kings knew the terrible consequences of the saline lands and used them as a means to punish rebellious or enemy cities.
Both Atad Nilari I and his son Salmanai I declare in the inscription: "After I have conquered and destroyed the city, I have spread salt and alkali on it." ”
Salinity pollution may be the real reason for the dispersal of the Mitanni people after the destruction of the country.
Mitanni's two capitals, Taytu and Vashukani, were occupied by Assyria, and Mitanni had already existed in name only.
Atad Nilari I conquered Mitanni, which was under Hittite control, in the heart of the valley of the Balik and Habur rivers, and he did not seem to have crossed the Euphrates, while Calchemesh maintained the Hittite army.
After conquering Mitanni, Attad Nilari I wrote to the Hittite king, calling him the great king, showing his respect for the Hittite.
At the request of the Hittites, King Vasashatta of Mitanni was released back to Mitanni.
In the south, Attad al-Nilari I achieved and triumphed by annexing the Babylonian border region and forcing the Babylonian rulers of Kassite to accept the Assyrian treaty of demarcation.
Attad Nilari I claimed to be the god of war, and the subsequent kings of Assyria proclaimed themselves the god of war.
He carried out numerous construction projects in Ashur and in the provinces.
Salmanai Ser I, reign: year.
Atad Nelari I's son, Salmanesel I, succeeded to the Assyrian throne and was the fifth king of the Central Assyrian kingdom.
Salmanai Ser I was a great king of war.
While Muwatari II was busy with the war with Egypt, the new Assyrian king, Salmanesel I, seized the opportunity to form an alliance with Egypt and invade Mitanni again, forcibly seizing part of the land and entering the Anatolian periphery along the source of the Euphrates River.
During his reign, he conquered the nomadic kingdom of Urartu of the Julians on the peninsula of Asia Minor, and then the Guti in the Elanzagros Mountains.
Although the Urarti were under Assyrian rule, they did not fall out, and by the 9th century BC Urartia had developed into a vast territory that included most of the peninsula of Asia Minor and east of the Caucasus Mountains.
In the year, King Vasashatta of Mitanni turned to the Hittites for help.
However, the Hittite kingdom was in the midst of a change of dynasty, and Hattuhili III was unable to send troops because the domestic situation was not yet calm, so he only gave Vasashatta a sum of money, but this did not help Mitanni at all.
Assyria had become powerful and posed a serious threat to the Hittites, who were still at war with Egypt.
years, neither Egypt nor the Hittites wanted to fight anymore. The two countries signed the Treaty of Silver Plate, the earliest surviving international peace treaty in human history, in Pelle-Ramses, the capital of Egypt, forming a military alliance.
In the same year, the new king of Mitanni, Shatuwara II, betrayed Assyria and turned to the Hittites for help in the state of Alamu, which had been established by the Aramians in Syria.
Hattuhili III had already secured his position, and sent troops to form an alliance with Mitanni and the Alamesian tribes in Syria, ready for all wars.
When the Assyrian army entered the mountains to attack the Mitanni army, the Mitanni army occupied various passages and water sources in the mountain range, so that the Assyrian army faced the disaster of having no water to drink as they advanced.