Chapter 42: The Development of Brahmanism in India
readx;? In 2002 BC, the Elamite army was defeated by the First Dynasty of Isin in Ishbiera at the city of your, and the Western Mash dynasty was denied Sumerian hegemony. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info
Jindatu, reigned from 2000 BC to 1985.
In 2000 BC, Jindatu succeeded to the throne of the West Mash of Hutran Temti.
Indatu I, reigned 1985-1976 BC.
In 1985, Indatu I succeeded to the throne of the West Mash of Jindatu.
Tan Ruhuratir, reigned 1976-1940 BC.
In 1976 BC, Tan Ruhuratir succeeded to the throne of Simash under Indatu I.
Epalti II, reigned 1940-1932 BC.
In 1940 BC, Epalti II succeeded to the throne of Simash of Tan Ruhuratir.
Indatu II, reigned 1932-1920 BC.
In 1932, Indatu II succeeded to the throne of Epalti II's Simache.
Indatu III, reigned 1920-1900 BC.
In 1920, Indatu III succeeded to the throne of the Western Mash of Indatu II.
Indatu IV, reigned 1900-1860 BC.
In 1900 BC, Indatu IV succeeded to the throne of the West Mash of Indatu III.
In 1860, the West Mash dynasty was captured by the Epalti dynasty, and the West Mash dynasty perished.
The following is an account of the development of Brahmanism in India:
After 2500 BC, a mythical story appeared recorded in the Brahmanical scriptures: when the supremacy of Brahma was challenged, Shiva cut off one of Brahma's heads with a sword (fire), the gods were furious, calling him "the Brahman killer", and Vishnu united with the gods and forced Shiva to live in seclusion in the Himalayas (Nepal).
This shows that the status of Indra, the founder of the Aryans, has ceased to be an object of worship because of the passage of time. It turns out that Brahma is on top, and the state of the three gods who support Shiva and Vishnu on the left and right has changed to the state of the three gods standing together, that is to say, the status of Brahma has actually declined, and the status of Indra, the god of war who assists Brahma, has also declined even more drastically because of the long period of peace, and has become a subordinate of the three gods, becoming the governor, and no longer the god king.
At the same time, it also shows that the main areas of worship of the two major gods in India at that time: there were more worshippers of Lord Shiva in the north of India, and more worshippers of Vishnu in the south of India. And Nepal, where Lord Shiva lived, was the birthplace of later Buddhism.
After 2100 BC, the triumphic tri-god pattern of Brahmanism in India gradually became untenable. The status of Brahma is declining day by day. Now there are only two Brahma temples in all of India, and it is becoming more and more neglected, and its divine power and status are getting lower and lower
Although Brahma was the creator of all things, the monastic class became a Brahmin class of Hens, focusing more on the pleasures of this world than praying for the blessings of the afterlife. Therefore, Shiva, the god of destruction, who is more afraid of being able to destroy their happy life, prefers Vishnu, the god of light, who blesses all beings.
And because of the hardships of life, the poor people prefer Shiva, who prays for good fortune in the next life and presides over the cycle of good and evil, to Vishnu, who maintains the status quo.
Vishnu and Shiva, on the other hand, gave rise to a fierce rivalry, and the rivalry between the two gods represented the struggle between the rich and the poor. Both had huge followers and strength, as well as influence, and in this rivalry and even civil war, the whole of Brahmanism was in disarray. Thus began a millennium-long religious war between the city-states.
The Sixth Dynasty of Egypt is often referred to as the Old Kingdom of Egypt together with the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Dynasties. From a cultural point of view, the Sixth Dynasty was a continuation of the Fifth Dynasty and included the style of the pyramids.
By the beginning of the Sixth Dynasty, the contradictions between the central and local powers, the autocratic regime and the people at large had begun to lead to the decline of the Old Kingdom, and a large amount of national power had been spent on the construction of successive pharaohs. The pharaoh began to be unable to maintain a large central authority. The pharaoh's power declined, and the local rulers began to challenge the pharaoh's authority. Since then, ancient Egypt has entered a period of decline.
The long reign of Pepi II is also often cited as the reason for the end of the Old Kingdom. During this period, the Old Kingdom became an arena of court struggles and political intrigues, with different members of the royal family and some high-ranking officials conspiring to seize government power.
Table of the Throne of the Sixth Dynasty
Tetiteti, reign: 30 years, 2315-2285 BC.
In 2315 BC, the son-in-law Teti of Una successfully served as the pharaoh of Egypt after a complex political struggle, and his foreign surname came to power, so it is known as the Sixth Dynasty in history.
Teti was the first pharaoh of the Sixth Dynasty to build a mausoleum in Saqqara. The Sixth Dynasty was about to enter the Dark Ages of the First Intermediate Period. His Horus name, Seho Tebtawi, means "He made peace in Upper and Lower Egypt."
His wife, Queen Ipper I, was the daughter of King Unas of the Fifth Dynasty and the mother of Teti's heir, Pepi I. Historians believe that it was with her support that Teti took the throne and legitimized his rule. Because of her special status, she was buried in her own separate pyramid, located in the Saqara region, near the pyramid of Teti. Teti's other wives include Kuyt and Verit-Imteis. In addition to the son of Pepi I, he may have also had a son named Teti-Anke Kem-km, which means "black Teti-Anke", from which the name suggests that this son was a black man, or that his mother was a black man? This may be a manifestation of the penetration of sub-Saharan blacks into North Africa, so that the Egyptians gradually transitioned from yellow to black, and even the royal family already had black infiltration. There is also a daughter named Seshsesha (also known as Waite-Kate-Her-her). At that time, the situation was already relatively turbulent, and in order to stabilize the government, Teti married this daughter to the minister Meriruka, which also provided an opportunity for the nobles to grow stronger.
During his reign, he maintained trade relations with Byblos and maintained his suzerainty status in Nubia.
Teti built a mausoleum in Saqara, known to modern Egyptians as the "Prison Pyramid".
According to Manneto, Teti died in the assassination of the palace guards. At the time of his death, his mausoleum had not yet been built, and the construction of the mausoleum was continued by the Minister Kaw-Elle Cape-. Uslkala had considerable power at the time, possibly as a relative of Queen Ipte, who was temporarily regent because Peppi I was too young when he succeeded to the throne.