readx;? year, the eighth year of King Zhou You, Wang Xi Situ Zheng Boduo's father's life. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

The king officially appointed Bao Xi as the queen, and appointed Bao Xi's son Bofu as the crown prince.

In the ninth year of King Youyou of Zhou, Shenhou's father Shenhou was worried that he would be attacked by King You, and in the case of a good relationship with Xirong, in order to gather greater strength, he gave generous gifts and successfully formed an alliance with the State of Xuan (Fangcheng County, Nanyang, Henan) and Dog Rong (Taiyuan, Shanxi).

In the spring of the tenth year of King Zhou You, King Zhou You held a meeting of all the princes in Taimur Mountain (Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou, Henan) and asked all the princes to send troops to attack (west) Shenguo.

In autumn and September, Wang Shifa (west) Shenguo. After the March war, the battle of Lishan was a crushing defeat for the Wang division and the entire army was annihilated.

In the first month of the eleventh year of King You of Zhou, a solar eclipse occurred. The Shen people, the Yan people and the dog Rong coalition counterattacked into the Zong Zhou, and the Shen people and the Yan people were all vassals of the king of Zhou, and they did not dare to start, and finally the king of You, the prince Bofu and Zheng Huan were killed by the dog Rong, and Bao Xi was taken away by the dog Rong because of her beauty. At this time, ten years after the Hedry landslide incident, the Western Zhou Dynasty perished.

According to the "Historical Records", Bao Xi didn't like to laugh, and King Zhou You came up with various ways to make her laugh, but Bao Xi never smiled. King You of Zhou set up a beacon tower and a big drum, and when the enemy came, he lit the beacon fire to gather reinforcements. Once, King You of Zhou lit a beacon fire, and all the princes rushed with their troops. When the princes arrived, they found that there were no enemies, and when Bao Xi saw the panicked appearance of the princes, he really laughed. King Zhou You was very happy, so he lit the beacon fire many times. Later, the princes no longer believed in it, and gradually refused to answer the call.

In the eleventh year of King Zhou You, Shen Guo united with the State of Xuan and Xiyi Dog Rong to attack King Zhou You, and King Zhou You lit a beacon fire to summon the princes to rescue, but the princes did not come to the rescue. The dog Rong finally killed the king of Zhou You at the foot of Lishan Mountain, captured Bao Xi, and the Western Zhou perished.

In the record of "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period", King You of Zhou did not light a beacon fire, but beat a drum. At that time, Zongzhou, the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, was close to the Rong people. King You of Zhou agreed with the princes to build a tall earthen fort on the main road, and set up a big drum on it, so that the sound of the drum could be heard from far and near. If the army invades, it will be announced by beating drums from near and far, and the armies of the princes will come to the rescue of the Son of Heaven. Rong soldiers once invaded, King Zhou You beat the drum, the princes' armies all arrived as scheduled, Bao Xi was very happy to see it, I liked Zhou Youwang very much, King Zhou You wanted to see Bao You's smile, so he repeatedly beat the drum, the princes' army came many times, but there were no enemy soldiers. Later, the Rong soldiers really invaded, and King Zhou You beat the drum, but the princes' armies did not come again, so King Zhou You was killed under Lishan.

In the "Outline of National History", Qian Mu raised doubts about the "Records of the Historians" recording the "Beacon Opera Princes": "This is a villain's talk. The princes could not see the beacon coming, and if they heard of it, they would also leave their troops and leave for the rest of their lives, so what was ridiculous about this? In the battle of Lishan, the king of Youwang raised troops to ask for the application, and there was no need to raise a beacon. ”

In 2012, when Tsinghua University in Beijing sorted out the donated bamboo slips of the Warring States period (Tsinghua Jane), it was found that the description on the bamboo slips deviated from the story of the "Princes of the Beacon Fire Opera". Qinghua Jian recorded that King You of Zhou took the initiative to attack the original Shen Kingdom, and Shen Hou contacted the Rong clan to defeat King Zhou You, and the Western Zhou Dynasty perished. There is no story of "Beacon Opera Princes" on Tsinghua Jian. Liu Guozhong, a professor at Tsinghua University's Center for the Research and Protection of Unearthed Documents, said that historians had questioned the "princes of the Beacon Opera" and believed that the "Records of the Historians" contained only "the words of novelists". The content of the Tsinghua Jane supports this questioning to a certain extent, thus partially overturning the record of the Historical Records. Liu Guozhong believes that the historiography can conclude that the fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty was not because of the "princes of the beacon fire", and the story does not even exist.

The author also thinks that the statement of the princes of the Beacon Fire Opera is fictional.

Zhou Youwang Mausoleum, located in Songjia Village, Daiwang Town, Lintong District, Shaanxi Province, about this mausoleum is different, the specific situation to be examined, according to the "two Beijing Daoli Ji" records: "the mausoleum is one zhang three feet high, three hundred steps on Wednesday".

According to the record of "Xijing Miscellaneous Records", in the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Qu, the king of Guangchuan (a Liu Quji) had stolen and excavated the tomb of King Zhou You, the tomb of King Zhou You was very tall, after the tomb door was opened, and then went down about a foot inside the white soil, this soil was actually a kind of carboniferous rock, more than one zhang thick, Liu Qu's subordinates took a lot of effort to eradicate the white soil. Further down is a large amount of mica stone. Digging more than a foot deeper, I unexpectedly saw more than a hundred corpses, criss-crossed, pillowing against each other, stacked on top of each other, none of them decayed. There was only one man and the rest were women. Some sit, some lie down, some stand, and their clothes are the same as those worn by living people. Presumably that man is King Zhou You. The remaining more than 100 women were supposed to be the concubines or maids who were buried.

Human martyrdom is a funeral custom in ancient China, which is generally believed to have appeared in patrilineal society. The patriarchal family regards its wives and concubines, granddaughters, and servants as their own private property, and has the right to kill them. Since gold, jade and jewelry can be buried with them, it is inevitable that people will have such property. The owner of the No. 1 tomb of Qin Gong has been excavated is Qin Jinggong, the number of martyrs in his tomb is shocking, the bones of the martyrs are as many as 186 bodies, and the coffins of the martyrs are placed on the platforms of the upper and lower floors of the tomb, and some are even buried naked.

According to the "Historical Records", Qin Mugong was martyred 177 people after his death. Whether King Zhou You was martyred or not, there is no record in historical materials. If the records in the Xijing Miscellaneous Records are true, this will further confirm that the ancient Chinese custom of martyrdom was still very prevalent in the Western Zhou Dynasty. 、

Mo Zhai's "Mozi": "The tyrannical king, the tyrant, the ghostly, and the powerful, and the people of the world who are evil, take the lead in criticizing the heavens and insulting the ghosts, and there are many thieves, so the natural disasters make them lose their country, and their bodies are only in the world, and the descendants of future generations will destroy them, and they will not stop until now." ”

Sima Qian's "Historical Records": "King Zhou You has no way. ”；“ King Zhou You's prostitution * disorder. ”；“ The king of Youxu died after his death, and the royal family governed many evils, and the princes or the side of it. ”；“ It is faint and dizzy, and it is mournful. ”

Liu Xiang "The Biography of the Daughters": "The king of Youwang is confused by the concubine, and he rides with him in and out, does not care about state affairs, and drives and hunts from time to time, in order to fit the meaning of concubine." Drinking is flowing, advocating excellence in the front, and continuing the day by night. ”

"Wang Yizhengbu": "Secluded, Li Lile collapsed, the princes were in power, and they were swallowed up, virtue could not be conceived, and power could not be controlled." ”

After the destruction of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the disappearance of the common enemy, Shenhou and the State of Zhang, the dog Rong fought badly, the dog Rong occupied Guanzhong (Shaanxi), unwilling to withdraw the army, Shen Hou and Lu Hou, Xu Nan, Zheng Zi The four monarchs jointly supported the former prince, their grandson Ji Yijiu succeeded to the throne, it was the king of Zhou Ping, moved the capital to Luoyang, known as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in history. After King Ping moved eastward, many vassal states in Shaanxi moved east with him.

According to Guanzhong, the old minister of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Yu Shifu, contacted Dog Rong, etc., and sought to set up the prince and Yu Chen as the king, and the country was also a participant, and the two kings stood side by side for a time. However, due to the relationship between the dogs, the princes mostly recognized King Ping and did not recognize King He.

From the destruction of Shang by King Wu of Zhou to the destruction of the Western Zhou Dynasty, a total of years have passed.

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