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Zhang Jiashi saw a saying in the Qingyu Lingshu, that is, when Kuang Zhang was studying in the Jixia School Palace, he may have worshiped Sun Bin's military school. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 infoPlease search for the most complete! The fastest updated novel

The basis for this statement is mainly in the "Art of War", which may be taken from the Jixia School Palace, and some of Sun Bin's teachings are taken out.

These are as follows:

"Jiangyi":

Generals must not be unjust, unrighteous are not strict, not strict are not powerful, and if they are not authoritative, they will die; Generals cannot be unkind, if they are not benevolent, the army will not be benevolent, and if the army is not benevolent, the army will be useless; Generals cannot be without virtue, without virtue they are powerless, and if they are powerless, the benefits of the three armies will not be possible. Generals should not be unbelieving, and if they do not believe, they will not be able to order, and if they cannot be ordered, the army will not be able to do so, and if the army is not in the regiment, they will be nameless. Generals, can not not be outwitted, not outwitted [then...... Therefore, the wise man is also the body of a soldier. Generals, you can't be indecided, if you don't decide, you can't] ...... Then the army has no □, so the one who fights (decides) is also the tail of the soldier.

"Jiangde":

...... [regarded] as a child, loved as a cunning child, respected as a strict teacher, and used as a soil cover (mustard), general......

...... Don't lose, the general's knowledge (wisdom) also. Do not be outnumbered, do not rob the enemy, be cautious until the end, and be the ...... of the general

...... {General} but not royal, the king's order does not enter the army, and the general's eternity is also. Joining the Army......

...... There will be no two lives, the army will not exist twice, and the generals will not survive......

...... The general's Megumiya. The reward is not overdue, the punishment is not returned, and the person is not maintained, what is the ......

...... Waichen, the virtue of this general.

"Checkmate":

Checkmate: One can't do it and can do it. Second, it is arrogant. Third, he is greedy for position. Fourth, it is said to be greedy for money. [Five□]. Sixth, it is light. Seven is late. Eight said to be brave. Nine said brave and weak. Ten is said to be untrustworthy. 10 [1] ...... Fourteen is said to be indecisive. Fifteen is slow. Sixteen is lazy. Seventeen said □. Eighteen thieves. Nineteen is selfish. Twenty said self-chaos. Many losers lose more.

"Will Lose":

Will be lost: one said: Lost so exchange, but also defeated. The second said: Collect the chaotic people and use them, stop the northern pawns and fight them, and have no resources but have resources, but they can be defeated. Three said: Dispute between right and wrong, and seek to defend the lawsuit. Defeatable. Fourth: If the order does not work, the public will not be one, and it can be defeated. Five: If you don't accept it, the public will not use it, and you can be defeated. Sixth: The people suffer their teachers, but they can be defeated. Seven said: Old Master, you can be defeated. Eight said: Shi Huai. Defeatable. Nine said: The soldiers escaped, but they could be defeated. Ten said: Soldiers [together] not [Qi]. Defeatable.

Eleventh said: The number of troops is shocked, but it can be defeated. The twelfth said: The soldiers are trapped, and the people are suffering, but they can be defeated. Thirteenth said: The military is dangerous, and the people work hard, but they can be defeated. Fourteen {said: There is no danger} preparation, but it can be defeated. The fifteenth said: The sun is far away (twilight), and everyone has the most energy, but it can be defeated. Sixteenth said: ....... Defeatable. XVII: ...... The crowd is afraid, but it can be defeated. Eighteen said: The number of orders changes, the thieves can be defeated. Nineteenth said: Junhuai (prostitution), the public can not (endure) its generals, but can be defeated. Twenty said: Fortunately, everyone is sluggish. Defeatable.

Twenty-one said: Suspicious, suspicious, but defeated. Twenty-two said: If you smell it, you can be defeated. Twenty-three said: If you can't do it, you can lose it. Twenty-four said: The violent road (dew) hurts the will, but it can be defeated. Twenty-five said: The heart of the war. Defeatable. Twenty-six said: The anger of people can be defeated. Twenty-seven said: Things hurt people, they are deceitful, and they can be defeated. Twenty-eight said: The military has no □, [but it can be defeated.] Twenty-nine said: Violence] pawn, the hearts of the people are evil, but they can be defeated. He said: You can't use it to become Chen (array). Out of the middle road, it can be defeated. Thirty one said: The soldiers who march before and after the soldiers do not participate in the front of Chen (array) can be defeated. Thirty-two said: The former is worried about the former and the latter is weak, the latter is weak, the left is weak, and the right is weak, and the right is weak.

"Heroic City":

The city is in the (low) Ze, there is no mountain and valley, and there are those who pay the hills in its four directions, and the city is also not attackable. The army eats and slips (flows) water [those who are born with water, and cannot be attacked]. The famous valley in front of the city, the double (back) Kang Mountain, the male city also, can not be attacked. Those who are high in the city and those who are outside the city are also strong, and they cannot be attacked. There are those who pay for the hills in the city, and the city is also strong, and it cannot be attacked. The battalion is a fun house, no return to the name of the water, the spirit is weak, and it can be attacked. The city times (back) the famous valley, there is no Kang Mountain left and right, the virtual city is also, can be attacked. Those who burn all of them will be killed, and they can be struck. The military food flooder, the stagnant water, can also be hit. The city is in the Faze, the nameless valley pays the hill, and the city can be attacked. The city is in the mountains, and the nameless valley pays the hills, and the city can be attacked. The mountain in front of the city, the famous valley of the times (back), the front and the back are high, and the city is also attackable.

"Five Degrees and Nine Victories":

...... Carry on. The savior comes, and there is (again) the defeat. Therefore, the large number of soldiers (speed) is not saved for fifty miles. The emperor (situation) is close [a few miles, far away] hundreds of miles, and this journey is extremely strong. Therefore, the soldier said: Accumulate Fu such as, do not last with it. If you are like a Buddha, do not make peace with the 椄 (connection). [□ Fur, don't □□ with you.] □ Furu, don't] and □ long. Xi Furu should not be his strength. The five degrees are clear, and the soldiers are balanced (horizontal). Soldier ...... The number of enemies: one is called taking food. Second, it is called taking water. The third is to take Jin. Fourth, it is said to take the paint (way). Fifth, take risks. Sixth, it is said that it is easy to take. Seven said: [Take the pass.] Eight is said to be high. 9] It is said that what he reads is (only) expensive. Where nine take, so tend to the enemy also.

"Accumulation":

...... [accumulation] wins sparsely, profit wins over virtuality, Li (path) wins, speed wins Xu, many wins outnumbered, and slash (佚) wins labor.

Accumulation of old things, sparse and sparse of them, surplus and surplus, void [so void; path so path], do so and do it, sick and sick, [Xu so Xu; many people], widowed and widowed, sloppy (佚) so 劮 (佚) , labor and hard work.

The accumulation and sparse phase is a change, the surplus and deficiency [phase is a change, the path phase is] a change, the rapid phase is a change, and the widow phase [a change, a labor phase] is a change.

Don't accumulate when you accumulate, don't slack when you sparse, don't use profit when you make money, don't use fictitious when you are false, don't take the path when you do it, don't take it as a line, don't take it as a disease, don't take it as a xu, don't take it as a many, don't take it as a widow, don't use it as a widow, don't use it as a labor.

The accumulation and sparseness are comparable, the surplus and deficiency are comparable, the line is equivalent, the speed is equivalent, the number of widows is equivalent, and the labor is equivalent. The enemy can be sparse, the surplus can be empty, the path can be feasible, and the disease can be Xu, the many can be few, and the cause can be worked. ......

"Qizheng":

The principle of heaven and earth: the ultimate is the opposite, the profit is defeated, [the sun and the moon] is also. On behalf of Xing, on behalf of the abolition, four o'clock is also. There are victories, there are non-victories, and the five elements are also. There is life, there is death, and all things are also. There are can't, and there can't. Wansheng is also. There is a surplus, there is a deficiency, and the punishment (shape) is also. Therefore, there are criminals who are punished (formal), and they are indescribable. Famous people are invincible. Therefore, the saint defeats all things with the victory of all things, so his victory is unyielding.

The fighters are also the victors of the punishment (form). Punishment (form) cannot be won. And Mo Zhi (knows) the punishment (form) of his victory. The change of punishment (form) victory is not endless with heaven and earth. Punishment (form) wins. It is not enough to take Chu Yue's bamboo book.

Those who are punished (formal) are also victorious with their victories. It is not permissible to win the victory of one punishment (form) over ten thousand punishments (form). Therefore, the punishment (form) is one, so it is impossible to win.

Therefore, those who are good at fighting, when they see the enemy's strengths, will know their shortcomings, and when they see the enemy's shortcomings, they will know what they have. Seeing victory is like seeing the sun and the moon, and its mistakes (measures) are also victorious, such as water defeating fire. Punishment (form) to respond to the form. Zheng also: no punishment (form) and punishment (form), strange also. Odd is infinite, and there are points. Divide it into odd numbers, make it with five elements, and fight it with {many widows}. The sub-rules have a criminal (form) 矣, and the criminal (formal) rules have a name [矣]. ...... The same is not enough to win each other. So it's strange to be different. It is because of the stillness, the loss (佚) is the Laoqi, the hunger is the hunger, the governance is the chaos, and the crowd is the widow. Hair is right. Its undeveloped ones are also strange. If you don't report it, you win. There are more than odds, and there are overcomes.

Therefore, if one section is painful, one section is not used, and the same ceremony (body) is used; Therefore, the battle situation, Da Chen (array) □ broken. The small array □ solved. Those who enter have a way out, and those who retreat have a way to enter.

The reward is not done, the punishment is not used, and the people listen to the order, and the people can do what they can do. Whoever rewards and punishes him, but the people do not obey his commands, the people cannot do what they command. It is difficult for Meng Ben to make the people only (although) unfavorable, and to die without bamboo shoots (spinning) heels, and the people who are responsible for it are to make the water stay (flow) in reverse.

Therefore, the battle situation, the winner benefits, the defeated replace, the laborer rests, and the hungry eat. Therefore, the people saw the {enemy} people but did not see death, and the way (followed) the white blade but not the bamboo shoots (spinning) heels. Therefore, if the water is reasonable, the stone is broken and the boat is broken, and the people are allowed to live (sex), so that the line is like staying (flowing).

......

Judging from the above part of the content, it is likely to be a textbook-style manuscript. And this point may be that after the Battle of Guiling, Sun Bin was hired by King Qi Wei as a doctor in the Jixia School Palace to teach his knowledge of soldiers.

And this time may be advanced to a period of time after Tian Ji's horse race, but not later than after the Battle of Maling, because not long after the Battle of Maling, Tian Ji will be framed by Zou Ji and forced to defect to the State of Chu, and he will not be able to return to the State of Qi until the time of King Xuan of Qi.

The earliest record of Kuang Zhang is that in 334 BC there was a record of attendance by the "Five Kingdoms Prime Minister". According to this record, Kuang Zhang, as Tian Qi's clan, had already been under the command of King Qi Wei before this time, and as an official, it was even possible to take Tian Ji's place and be in charge of most of the soldiers and horses of Qi State.

................................................ Dividing line ......................................................

Kuang Zhang (year of birth and death unknown), also known as Zhangzi, Kuangzi, Tian Zhang, was a general of Qi during the Warring States Period. First trip to Wei. King Qi Wei was a general of Qi in his last years, and he led his army to repel the attack of Qin. In 314 B.C., Chengyan civil strife, led 100,000 troops, marched from the Bohai Sea, and broke through the Yan capital in 50 days. In the next two years, he resisted the Qin army in the upper reaches of Pushui and lost. King Min of Qi ascended the throne and united Han and Wei to attack Chu. Kuang Zhang defeated the Chu army at Chuisha (southwest of the Tang River in present-day Henan Province) and killed the Chu general Tang Fu. In 298 BC, Kuang Zhang led the allied forces of Qi, Wei, and Han (later joined Zhao and Song) to break through the Hangu Pass of Qin, forcing Qin to sue for peace.

In the twenty-third year of King Qi Wei (334 BC), Kuang Zhang participated in the Xuzhou Prime Minister's Victory and debated with Wei Guo's Hui Shi. In the end, Qi and Wei recognized each other's thrones.

In the 34th year of King Qi Wei (323 B.C.), the Qin State launched a military campaign against the Qi State through Wei and Han, first crossing the three kingdoms of Han, Wei and Wei, and feinting to attack the Yangjin (now Cao County, Shandong Province) key road on the left bank of Dayozawa, and suddenly went south from Yangjin to Kangfu (now south of Rencheng District, Jining City, Shandong Province), an important town in the southwest of Qi State. At this time, King Qi Wei appointed Kuang Zhang as a general and led the Qi army to meet the battle.

The Qin army marched to Sanqiu (present-day Yanzhou City, Shandong Province) on the border of Qi and Song, where the Qin army and the main force of the Qi army led by Kuang Zhang met, and the Qi and Qin armies camped against each other. In order to strictly enforce military discipline and win the hearts of the people, the generals of the Qin army ordered: "Anyone who dares to collect firewood within fifty steps of Liu Xiaji's grave will be sentenced to death and will not be forgiven." At the same time, in order to boost morale, he also ordered a reward of "whoever can get the head of the king of Qi, seal the marquis of ten thousand households, and reward 20,000 taels of gold."

Since the Qin army was alone, it was necessary to take care of the rear. I am afraid that Han and Wei will plot in the future. Therefore, the Qin army only bluffed and threatened to send troops to Qi, but in fact they hesitated and did not dare to attack.

Kuang Zhang made full use of the ambivalence of the Qin army that they could not advance and retreat, and on the eve of the war, he asked the envoys of both sides to communicate with each other many times. Kuang Zhang took the opportunity to change the flag markings of some of the Qi army and mixed them into the Qin army, waiting to cooperate with the main attack force of Qi to break the enemy. During this period, the ministers of the imperial court repeatedly slandered Kuang Zhang to surrender to Qin, but King Qi Wei did not accept it. Soon after. Kuang Zhang's tactics were a great success, and the Qin army was caught inside and outside by Qi soldiers who had mixed into the barracks and Kuang Zhang's large army. The Qin army, which was originally not very resolute, was about to collapse at the first touch. The Qi dynasty learned that the good news of the great victory of the Qi army came from the front. The ministers were surprised and asked King Qi Wei why he had such foresight. King Qi Wei said that Kuang Zhang was a person who was filial to his father, and even his dead father did not dare to be disobedient, would he betray the living monarch?

In the sixth year of King Xuan of Qi (314 BC), Qi took advantage of the civil strife in Yan and sent Kuang Zhang to lead 100,000 troops from the Bohai Sea to attack Yan. The people of Yan hated Zizhi and opened the city to welcome the Qi army. Within 50 days, it will break through Yandu. After the Qi army captured the Yan State, it had no intention of withdrawing. Kuang Zhang didn't care about restraining the army, the soldiers bullied the people, and the Yan people rose up to resist and expel the Qi army. Kuang Zhang couldn't stand up, so he had to lead his troops back to Qi.

In the eighth year of King Xuan of Qi (312 BC). King Huai of Chu turned his back on the Qi-Chu Alliance. The Jingcui Department of the Chu army was stationed on the border of Qi and Chu. Kuang Zhang led the Qi and Song armies to attack Wei, and Wei asked Qin for help. Qin Shengchu was in Danyang, so he sent troops to rescue Wei Fayandi. King Kang of Song and Qin Lianheng, the Song army retreated, and the Qin army's Yuli Department quickly entered the Song army's position, and the side of the Qi army's defense line was empty. As a result, the Qi army was defeated in the Battle of Pushui. Kuang Zhang was defeated and fled. The Yan Kingdom was restored.

In the nineteenth year of King Xuan of Qi (301 BC), King Xuan of Qi ordered the Qi general Kuang Zhang, the Wei general Gongsun Xi, and the Han general Storm Kite to lead the three-kingdom alliance army to attack the Fangcheng of Chu. Because the coalition forces did not understand the depth of the water, they did not dare to rashly cross the water to fight, and held on to the Chu army for more than six months. King Xuan of Qi was impatient at home, and sent Zhou Shi (i.e., Zhou Yan) to the position, urging Kuang Zhang to cross the river and fight as soon as possible. However, Kuang Zhang believed that the fighter should be ready to fight only after the fighter was mature. Subsequently, Kuang Zhang asked people to find a place to cross the river, but because the Chu army released arrows to defend it, the people sent could not reach the river at all. Later, a woodcutter told: "It is too easy to know the depth of the river: wherever the Chu army is heavily defended, the river is shallow, and wherever the Chu army has few defensive troops, it is the place where the river is deep." ”

When Kuang Zhang heard this, he was overjoyed, and immediately selected elite soldiers to cross the river from the heavily defended place of the Chu army at night, launched a surprise attack on the Chu army, and defeated the Chu army at Chuisha (now the Tang River border in Henan) next to the water. Chu general Tang Yi relaxed his guard because the coalition army had not moved much for more than six months, and waited until he knew that the coalition army had come ashore before hastily deploying troops to respond to the battle. The Chu army was defeated, more than 20,000 people were killed, and the Chu general Tang Yi was killed in battle. Later, Han and Wei acquired large tracts of land north of Wan (present-day Nanyang City, Henan) and Ye (15 kilometers south of Ye County, Henan). The state of Chu was forced to take the crown prince Heng as a hostage and sued for peace with Qi.

In the third year of King Min of Qi (298 B.C.), Meng Weijun Tianwen returned to Qi as the prime minister, launched a joint attack on Qin by Qi, Wei and Han, and the coalition army commanded by Kuang Zhang, before and after three years, first attacked the Hangu Pass of Qin, stationed in the Tun army, and blockaded, and then Zhao and Song also participated, and finally finally attacked the Hangu Pass, forcing Qin to sue for peace. After Qin returned some of the invaded territories of Wei and Han, the alliance of the Three Kingdoms retreated.

In the fifth year of King Min of Qi (296 BC), Hangu Pass was breached, and King Qin Zhao urgently sought to cut the land to save himself. Qi Xiang Meng Weijun listened to Han Qing's words and negotiated peace with Qin, and gave up the opportunity to destroy the Qin State. Yan captured Zhongshan, and the Qi army returned to attack Yan and fought in power. The Yan army was defeated. After this battle, the Qi State broke Chu in the south, subdued Qin in the west, and defeated Yan in the north, which shocked the world, and Kuang Zhang's contribution was indispensable.

After that, there is no record of Kuang Zhang in history.

......

From these accounts, two points can be deduced:

The first point is that after Tian Ji returned to Qi State, he did not shake Kuang Zhang's position, and it is even possible that he died of illness shortly after returning to Qi State.

The second point is that Kuang Zhang agreed with Sun Bin's idea, that is, to capture the Yan State to compete with the Qin State.

Otherwise, in 296 BC, Kuang Zhang would not have supported leading his army to fight against Yan when his army was exhausted.

After all, you must know one thing, that is, the Yan State has just captured the hometown of Zhongshan, and the army is very powerful, and the Qi State has just returned from Hangu Pass, and it has been fighting for a long time outside, and there is a certain difference in the fighting momentum of the Yan State's army.

Of course, the defeat of the Yan State is likely to be the result of a multi-front battle.

Because in this year, King Wuling of Zhao sent troops to attack Zhongshan for the third time, and the Yan State that captured the land of Zhongshan could only face the siege of Qi and Zhao, and divided the troops to fight, and as a result, he was defeated in the battle of power, and the territory of Zhongshan also fell into the hands of Zhao.

......

And there is one person's evaluation, which is the evidence that Kuang Zhang thinks that he is the heir of the military family of Sun Bin of Qi State.

That is Lü Buwei: "Zhang Zi can be said to know the generals." ”

"General" may refer to the integration of the four contents of "General's Righteousness", "General's Virtue", "General's Defeat" and "General's Loss" in "Sun Bin's Art of War".

But this point, even Bai Qi, does not have a more consistent idea, because Bai Qi and Kuang Zhang are not famous generals who compete for power in a period.

(To be continued.) )

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