Chapter 38: The Contradictions between Egypt and the Hittites
readx;? Behind the temple of Abydos, Seti I built another splendid building known as Osreven. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ļ½ļ½ļ½Uļ½Eć infoThe building is completely underground, with a long tunnel leading to a large hall. The entire building has a mound surrounded by a waterway, symbolizing the emergence of life from the primordial water.
Other buildings include a temple in Abydos dedicated to Seti I's father, Ramses I, and Seti I's own memorial temple in Thebes.
Seti I died at the age of about 60.
After his death, he was buried in the Valley of the Kings.
The most spectacular part of the buildings of the time of Seti I is its mausoleum. The mausoleum is one of the few buildings in the form of the Seti I period to be almost completely completed, and is undoubtedly the best, longest and deepest underground mausoleum built in the Valley of the Kings.
The mausoleum of Seti I (the mummies have been removed) was discovered in 1817 in the Valley of the Kings by Italian archaeologist Belzoni.
Ramses II, reigned: years. Also known as Usselmara.
Ramses II's father, Seti I, married Tuya, the daughter of a warlike general, and they had four children, two boys and two girls. However, the eldest son died at a young age, which allowed Ramses II to obtain succession without any problems. He began his studies at the "School of the Pharaohs" at an early age, served in the army at the age of 10, and at the age of 15 his father took him into battle to ensure that he would become a wise and courageous king in the future.
Ramses II didn't take long to learn a lot, especially the two skills necessary to be a king: the military conquest of the enemy and the construction of a royal palace. He was successful both in conquest and in construction. Today, there is not a single land in Egypt that does not bear his footprints.
On the 21st of the month, the son of Seti I, Ramses II, succeeded to the throne of Egypt and was the third pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt, with Memphis as the capital. At this time, Ramses II was only 18 years old and was born on February 21 of the year.
Ramses II had a large family. Ramses II was the longest-reigning pharaoh in Egyptian history (90 years), who lived until he was 108 years old, and he had eight queens and countless concubines. Ramses II is said to have had 96 sons and 60 daughters during his lifetime. And he himself lived longer than most of his children. Twelve sons (crown princes) who had the right to inherit died before him, and it was rare for the ancient Egyptians to live at such an advanced age at a time when the average life expectancy was just over 40 years.
His family:
Father: Seti I
Mother: Tuya (> Wife: Nefertali, Issenofelet, Materni Ferulli, Melitamon, Bintanat, Hornute Mera, Nibertavi.
The reign of Ramses II was the last powerful era of the New Kingdom of Egypt, and he was revered by the ancient Egyptians as Ramses the Great.
Later in the 18th Dynasty, the Ehatun reforms prevented Egypt from paying attention to foreign wars, and Syria and Palestine became independent with the support of the Hittites.
After Tutankhamun's death, his widow asked the Hittites to send a prince to marry him, but the prince was killed upon his arrival in Egypt, leading to war. Horlenhayb, who was a general at the time, went to war with the Hittites, and the war ended because of the plague.
Seti I of the 19th Dynasty used troops against Western Asia.
After Ramses II succeeded to the throne, he carried out a series of expeditions to restore Egyptian rule over Palestine and maintain a victorious streak.
Legend has it that on one occasion, when Ramses II returned home with a large number of captives he had taken from the conquered nations, Ramses II's younger brother, whom he had appointed as governor of Egypt at the time of his departure, greeted Ramses II at Dapnay in Perucian and invited him to a banquet, which was attended by Ramses II and his sons.
So Ramses II's brother piled up a large amount of fuelwood around the building, and when he had done so, set it on fire. When Ramses II knew what was happening, he immediately took the advice of his wife, Nefertari, who had accompanied him to the feast, and threw two of their four sons into the fire as a bridge in the flames, so that the rest of them could step over them and escape. Ramses II did as she said, and thus he and the rest of his children were saved. But his two sons were burned alive.
Ramses II then returned to his homeland and took revenge on his brother.
After this, he set about using the large number of captives he had brought with him from the conquered nations, and he had them carry large rocks to build the temple of Abu Simbel. Years later, the priests of Abu Zimbail's temple forbade the Persian king Darius to place his statue in front of the temple of Abu Zimbel, because they said that Darius's work could not be compared with that of Ramesses II of Egypt. For they say that Ramses II not only completely conquered as many peoples as Darius conquered, but he also conquered the Schitians in a way that Darius failed to conquer. Therefore, it would be unfair to erect a stone image of himself in front of the offerings of a king whom he cannot compare with himself. It is said that Darius was understanding of the priests at this point.
The captives also dug numerous canals crisscrossing Egypt. As a result of the use of these forced laborers to dig canals, the country's topography has been virtually altered. Egypt was previously a suitable area for horses and carriages, but since then it has become completely unsuitable for either. Though at this time its whole territory was a plain, it was now unfit for horses or carriages, for it was covered with numerous canals that flowed in all directions. The king's purpose was to supply the water of the Nile to the inhabitants of the interior of the cities that were not near the river, because they had to drink the salty water they had drawn from the wells after the river had receded. It is for this reason that Egypt is full of canals.