readx;? The first chapter of the poem begins with an extraordinary sentence. The first four sentences of the pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info solemnly put forward the proposition of "human nature", which has a strong philosophical meaning. Many predecessors believed that this was the earliest "theory of sexual goodness", so Mencius quoted these four sentences and Confucius's explanation in the "Confucius Chapter" as the theoretical basis for discussing "sexual goodness". However, from the examination of the whole poem, it seems that the poet is not advocating any "theory of goodness", he is just using heaven to endow people with goodness, and praise Zhongshan Fu Zhang Ben for the following. The first chapter praises Zhongshan Fu for being born in response to the fortune of heaven, which is not comparable to ordinary characters, and leads the whole poem. In the next two to six chapters, he spared no effort to praise Zhong Shanfu's virtue and political achievements: first, he said that he was virtuous, followed the ancient precepts, and won the trust of the Son of Heaven; second, he said that he was able to inherit the cause of his ancestors, become a model for the princes, and was a loyal spokesman for the Son of Heaven; again, he said that he had insight into state affairs, was wise and loyal, and served the king of Zhou diligently; then said that he had an upright personality, was not afraid of violence, and did not bully the weak; and then responded to the previous chapters, saying that he was highly virtuous, and the key was to rely on his own cultivation and continuous accumulation, so he became a minister of the imperial court. The poet admired Zhongshan Fu and beautified it with great beautification, creating the image of a famous minister who has both ability and political integrity, bears heavy responsibilities, is loyal to his duties, and is related to the fortunes of the country. Chapters 7 and 8 turn to the main topic, writing that Zhongshan Fu was ordered by the king to go to the east to supervise the repair of Qi City, and Yin Jifu parted with poems to give gifts, comforting the travelers, and wishing them a successful and early return. Although the tone of the poem is a celebration and farewell to Zhong Shanfu personally, through the description of Zhong Shanfu's actions and psychology in the poem, we can generally perceive the aristocracy in the declining era of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the understanding and hidden worries of the difficult cause of Zhongxing, and the reverence and call for the auxiliary minister who turned the tide. It is not difficult to understand that the various praises of Zhong Shanfu in this poem are true and realistic, but it is not excluded that there are some idealized elements in it, which contain the expectations of the class represented by the poet. Some people denounce this article as a "sycophancy", which seems to be too harsh.

This poem mainly focuses on narrative and reasoning at the beginning, interspersed with a discussion in the middle, highlighting the virtue and political achievements of Zhongshan Fu, and finally focusing on description and lyricism, ending with a warm farewell scene and pointing out the theme of farewell. The whole poem is neat and flexible, and it is the ancestor of farewell poetry for future generations. In the "Book of Songs", this article has a strong reasoning component, leaving an important mark in the history of poetry development. The language of this poem is also very distinctive, although it is more reasonable, argumentative, but not pedantic and sluggish, which in addition to the poet's passion, but also lies in the use of language ingenuity, poets mostly use folk sayings into the poem, such as the performance of Zhongshan Fu to help the weak hoe strong character characteristics, praise Zhongshan Fu attaches importance to self-cultivation and morality, are anti-use of colloquialisms to set off, this is more concise than straightforward, image, and reasonable, the reason is injected into the poetic flavor, so Yao Jiheng called this "strange language" ("General Theory of the Book of Poetry"). Some of the vivid and philosophical language in the poems has been used or refined by later generations, and is still alive in people's mouths, such as "Be careful", "Be wise and protect yourself", "Love can't help", "Mu is like a breeze" and so on. The unique feature of this article is the use of the word "zhi", the whole poem has twelve "zhi" words, nine of which are used at the end of the sentence, of which the sixth chapter uses five "zhi" words to end the sentence, eloquently, euphemistically, and has a unique lyrical effect, Yao Jiheng pointed out that "use more 'zhi' words, see the lingering state" ("General Theory of the Book of Poetry"). Chapters 10 and 8 use overlapping words such as "karma", "jiejie", "qiang qiang", "peng peng", "qi qi", and "chatter" to describe the grandeur of the send-off scene and the swiftness of action, and enhance the imagery and rhythm of the poem. This poem rhymes with complex rhymes, except for the fifth and sixth chapters, which use one rhyme, the rest of the chapters use two rhymes, and the rhyme feet are also uncertain, such as the first chapter, virtue is the rhyme, and the next and fu are rhymes; and the second chapter of the virtue, then, color, wing, style, and force are rhymes, and if and fu are rhymes; the third chapter is the rhyme, and the tongue and hair are the rhymes; there are almost no rules to follow, and the same is true for the last five chapters.

Sun Ying's "Criticism of the Book of Poetry" in the Ming Dynasty: "The meaning of the language is subtle, the exploration is subtle, and it is not a style, and it is about to win with reason." ”

Yao Jiheng of the Qing Dynasty "General Theory of the Book of Poetry": "The "Three Hundred Articles" said that the reason began here, and it was covered in the world of King Xuan. ”

Dai Zhen of the Qing Dynasty "Poetry Supplement": "The poetry of Zhongshan Fude is pure and complete, so the nature is good at words. ”

Qing Dynasty Fang Yurun's "Original Book of Poetry": "Work at the beginning", "high and powerful." ”

"Taiping Yulan" quoted "Trivial Words" recorded that King Xuan of Zhou's queen gave birth to King You of Zhou before she was pregnant, and King Xuan of Zhou asked the ministers what the signs were. The ministers replied that if a boy was born with a mutilated body or missing bones, the country would be fine, and if the boy was intact, the country would perish. King Xuan of Zhou thought that the baby boy was a bad omen and was ready to abandon him. Zhong Shanfu persuaded King Zhou Xuan: "Son of Heaven, you have no male heirs when you are old, this in itself is the abandonment of the Zhou Dynasty by God, if you abandon the baby boy again, what is the difference between it and the destruction of the country?" King Zhou Xuan then dispelled this idea. Sure enough, eleven years after the death of King Xuan of Zhou, the Western Zhou Dynasty perished under the rule of King You of Zhou.

In the ninth year of King Xuan of Zhou, King Xuan, in order to revive the prestige of the Zhou royal family, imitated King Cheng, King Mu and other previous kings, and assembled the princes in the eastern capital Luoyi (Cheng Zhou, Luoyang), and then hunted in Fucheng (Yongcheng, Shangqiu, Henan).

In the spring of the eleventh year of King Xuan of Zhou, Lu Wugong, the monarch of Lu State, and his eldest son, Gongzi Kuo, and the younger son, played to see King Xuan of Zhou. King Zhou Xuan loves Gongzi Opera and wants to make Gongzi Opera the prince of Lu State. King Zhou Xuan's doctor, Fan Zhongshan (Zhongshan Fu), dissuaded King Zhou Xuan and said that it was not in line with Zhou etiquette to abolish the elder and establish the young, and King Zhou Xuan did not listen to it, and insisted on establishing Gongzi as the prince of Lu State. In the summer of the same year, Lu Wugong died after returning to China, and Gongzi Xi succeeded to the throne for Lu Yigong.

The people of Lu who respected Zhou Li generally tended to Gongzi Kuo, so after Lu Yigong ascended the throne, he killed his eldest brother Gongzi Kuo, who posed a threat to his throne, and Kuo's son Boyu fled to the people.

In the twelfth year of King Xuan of Zhou, the people of Qi rebelled, killed Duke Qi Li, and established the son of the sect of Qi (Jiang) Chi as the monarch of Qi State, that is, Duke Wen of Qi.

In the sixteenth year of King Xuan of Zhou, the Jin Kingdom moved its capital to Jiangcheng (Gujiang Town, Jiangxian County, Yuncheng, Shanxi).

In the twenty-first year of King Xuan of Zhou, Bo Yu, the son of the prince of Lu Guo, rebelled under the support of the people of Lu State, killed Lu Yigong (Ji) play, and became the monarch of Lu State.

In the same year, King Xuan of Zhou sealed his younger brother (Ji) Ziyou in Zheng (Huazhou District, Weinan, Shaanxi, formerly known as Zheng County) and established Zheng State. King Xuan of Zhou sealed his son's eldest father Yu Yang (Hongdong County, Linfen, Shanxi) and established the Yang State.