Australia is a typical immigrant society, and the dominance of Chinese has been an unshakable general trend, with the population of Queensland approaching 10 million, it has gradually become saturated, and continuing to develop southward has become a big problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Compare 1885

The total population of Australia (including southern Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania, statistics are not accurate and can only be estimated), from 8.17 million in 1885 to more than 11.81 million, the main driving force of growth is still Queensland, as well as South Australia and Western Australia.

The population of Queensland has grown rapidly from 6.152 million to 9.7172 million, an increase of more than half in three years, Red River Valley City, Brisbane City has exceeded one million people, Songjiang City has exceeded 800,000 people, Qinglong City, Beilun City, Baihu City has exceeded 400,000 people, and a large number of cities have exceeded 150,000 people, continuing to lead the entire Australian urban development wave, the city scale has expanded rapidly, and solved the problem of employment for a large number of people.

meanwhile

The hidden dangers of development began to appear, the population was saturated, there was a clear unemployment problem, and a large number of job seekers gathered in the docks and cities, which was the first time in Australia, which has always been known for its labor shortage, and caused many social problems.

Some petty thefts have increased, cases of disturbing public order and picking quarrels and provoking troubles have increased, cases of robbery and murder and drunken disturbances have increased, and many gangs and horse bandit groups have even appeared in northern Queensland, creating a new hidden danger to public security.

By all indications;

Queensland is like a man who has been struggling to do so, and the potential for further large-scale immigration is drying up, and it needs to absorb the existing surplus labor force and create more jobs on a higher basis to lay the foundation for the next round of development.

Therefore, there are two completely different opinions in the upper echelons of the Red Fort, one is that we should stop and lay a solid foundation, and the other believes that we should not stop the pace of immigration, and we should develop into a southern state with more potential, and solve the problem of the north and the south in the process of development.

These two opinions represent the conservative and the radical respectively, and until the Red Fort owners make a final decision, the current immigration policy will continue to be firmly implemented.

Australia's demographic imbalance was more obvious in 1888, in which the number of white people (including British, French, German, American, Spanish, Italian) descendants increased slightly, reaching 2,021,000 after 2 million, compared with 1,921,700 at the end of 1885, a slight increase of about 100,000.

In the past three years, the total inflow population has reached 217,000, the outflow has reached 133,000, and the total number of new births has reached more than 196,400.

Most of the inflow of whites were European and American traders, explorers and sailors, and some gold diggers came to Australia in search of opportunities, especially because of the great development of the Australian economy, the number of immigrants from Germany increased more, followed by the Irish and Italians, and the French retreated to the fourth place.

Most of the outflow whites are 9~15-year-old boys and women, some white gold diggers who earned their first pot of gold, farmers and wealthy gold mine owners who are disappointed with the prospects, some white speculators who can't find job opportunities, and some technicians and family members who have returned to Europe after completing their contracts.

The Aboriginal population has been declining, from more than 50,000 at the end of 1885 to less than 39,400 today, including the wanton killing of Aboriginal people by white ranchers, black mining and human trafficking, and other vicious social problems, the Queensland government has been relatively slow to respond to these problems, which is also one of the obvious shortcomings of the state government's work.

In 1888, immigrants from the East Indies (not counting young Borneo women) and Asan, from 39,100 to 36,600, were reduced by the Queensland government, as well as South Australia and Western Australia, tightened immigration policies and introduced discriminatory laws against immigrants in the region, resulting in a decline in the immigrant population.

Well, Queensland is open to welcoming only Chinese immigrants, the rest...... Indeed, there is still much to be improved.

From the perspective of regional population distribution, there is an obvious imbalance in Australia's native population;

Queensland, the largest continent in terms of population, has a total population of 9,717,200, crushing the other five autonomous states on its own, and the industrial and agricultural economic output accounts for 93.32% of the entire Australia, showing an obvious industrialized social structure.

The economy is developed, the population is large, the society is prosperous, and the level of urban construction is in the forefront of the world, especially in the planning of road transportation, municipal construction and green gardens, etc., and it has widely absorbed the strengths of China and the West for its own use, forming a unique Queensland urban construction system.

Reasonable and accessible sewer facilities, comprehensively absorbing the advantages of sewer facilities in Paris, France and Berlin, Germany, to form a practical, solid, reliable and smooth municipal sewer facilities in Queensland, according to different city levels, the standards of municipal sewer facilities are also different.

It reasonably saves resources and can be promoted in more cities.

Due to the early construction of European and American cities, there is no concept of green space and urban park in urban road planning, and the streets are generally narrow and cramped, and it is not possible to build urban green space universally.

Red River Valley City is the first in the world to introduce the concept of garden city, with the theme of beautiful and tidy urban gardens, living in the forest in the city, living in the garden, you can see green trees and flowers everywhere in the city, the high and low buildings are shaded in the lush green, it looks pleasant, the four seasons are like spring, and it has become a beautiful and livable city that makes people forget to return.

The wide road is equipped with a green belt separation belt, with separate traffic between people and vehicles, separated from the left and right, and all pedestrians and vehicles drive on the right side without interfering with each other, forming a perfect and orderly high-efficiency traffic system.

All these municipal development norms with Queensland characteristics have attracted many experts and scholars from Europe and the United States to come to investigate and demonstrate, and have given very high evaluations, and have the intention to make suggestions and suggestions to the government and promote them in their own countries.

Of the Queensland cities, the most impressive thing is the neatness.

Can you imagine it?

There is no flow of and urine in Queensland's neat streets, and there is a municipal facility called public toilets all over the streets, some hidden in the greenery, some on the side of the street, some in large shops or hotels, and it has become a building code standard for every building to have adequate sanitary public toilets.

The rules that prohibit open defecation and spitting are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and most of those caught and fined are recent immigrants who have not yet developed good hygiene habits.

As long as you are caught once, you will be punished painfully, and next time you really have a long memory, you will never dare to commit it.

This is a maverick wonder and unique among the world cities at the end of the 19th century.

In today's major cities in Europe and the United States, the flow of feces and urine is not a big deal, it is possible that you walk on the side of the street, and your head is a basin of feces and urine falling down, drenched all over your face, and the smell is unbearable.

In the middle of nowhere

Mud-covered drunks lying on the streets, shabby thieves, homeless people and beggars, plus prostitutes soliciting customers along the streets, make up the dark side of the city.

The industrially developed London has smog all year round, and there is no clear blue sky for most of the year, and the appalling "Jack the Ripper" tragedy happened just two months ago.

Between August 7 and November 9, 1888, in the vicinity of Whitechapel in London's East End, "Jack the Ripper" brutally murdered at least five prostitutes in a row, and the murderer is still missing.

The case has been covered by the news media, causing widespread panic in European and American societies, especially the residents of London, who do not even allow their wives and daughters to go out at night in case they run into the dreaded Jack the Ripper.

London is known for its smog, Paris is known for its filthy environment with urine and feces, and in the industrial cities of Philadelphia and Detroit, the rivers are polluted and black and smelly, white shirts turn gray at night, and the air smells of soot.

Compared to the beautiful garden-like city of the Red River Valley, it is not clear which is better or worse.

At the end of 1885, the total population of Red River Valley reached 1.03 million, and after nearly three years of rapid development, as of October 1888, the total population of the city had reached 1.3977 million, continuing to sit firmly on the throne of Australia's largest city, and the momentum of rapid development has not diminished at all.

Since the opening of the Brisbane River Tunnel, North Shore Town has been rezoned as North Shore District, Big Ship Town has been planned as Big Ship District, plus the original East District, Central District, White Creek District, and Christ District (formerly Christtown) of Red River Valley City, forming a pattern of 6 major districts.

While the new urban area is developing to the north bank, it continues to extend to the west, and after the construction of the first bridge across Baixi, the second and third Baixi bridges have been built one after another, providing more hinterland for urban development.

Australia's second largest city is Brisbane, with a population of 1,076,000 in October 1888, using well-developed seaport and terminal facilities to build an international transit hub port integrating ocean transportation, offshore transportation and passenger transportation, manufacturing, shipbuilding, offshore fishing and international trade are booming, especially education and medical care is the most famous.

In June 1887, on the basis of the original Brisbane Nursing College and the School of Medicine, the Brisbane Medical University was merged to form the Medical University of Brisbane, which became the highest institution in the medical field in Australia.

At the same time, the Queensland College of Letters, the Australian Institute of Technology and the Benevolence Institute have been established in the past two years, and the momentum of education development is unstoppable.

Australia's third largest city is Songjiang, and after the two international metropolises of the Red River Valley and Brisbane have reached the ranks of more than one million people, Songjiang is catching up.

At the end of October 1888, the population of 800,000 was 847,000, and it is expected to exceed the million population mark in the next two years, becoming the third new metropolis with a population of more than one million.

Unlike the previous two metropolises, Matsue is a complete industrial powerhouse.

In the industrial area on the outskirts of the city, dense chimneys spew billowing black smoke, rendering the originally blue sky foggy, the air is filled with a strong smell of coal ash dust, and the climate and environment are very fast, which is the price that must be paid in development.

When it rains, the water washes large swaths of gray-black dust into the ditches, and large streams of black water gush out of the municipal drains, rendering the Huangpu River a light inky color.

Sewage discharged from the manufacturing industry has polluted rivers and lakes, fish in Taihu Lake and Huangpu River have died in pieces, and the large fish that could easily catch 10 catties are no longer visible, and the number of large and fat coconut crabs has decreased sharply, and the price has risen.

A coconut crab used to be bought for one shilling, but now it costs at least three shillings and five pence.

With the expansive development of industrial production, the natural environment near Songjiang City has deteriorated dramatically in recent years, and the originally beautiful garden city in the south of the Yangtze River has become full of haze, and it is likely to become a second Baihu City with serious pollution.