This is the Confucian attitude towards parents.

You must know that Confucian love is called "benevolence", and its foundation is the blood love that comes from parents, which is very different from the Mohist "concurrent love".

"Benevolence" is the expansion and sublimation of blood love, and it is the expansion of the absolute and sincere love for parents to others, in order to achieve enough sincere love for others, and then realize the great love of the world, which is a great idea of maintaining the stability of the social structure with blood ties. ”

That Mo family disciple wanted to refute it as soon as possible.

But the third prince Yingtian smiled crookedly.

Calmly show it.

That Mo disciple gave up.

The Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremonies looked at the disciple of the Yangzhu school and said:

"Yang Zhu is me, and there is no king

Among the hundred schools of thought, there is also a faction that opposes the Mohist doctrine like Confucianism, and that is the Yang-Zhu school.

If Mohism is the ultimate "altruism", then the Yang-Zhu school is the ultimate "non-profitism".

The Mohists talk about "putting their heels on the top to benefit the world", while the Yang Zhu school talks about "noble self" and "for me", "the ancients lost a little to benefit the world, and they did not do it; Serve the world and don't take it. No one loses a single bit, no one is good for the world, and the world is governed."

The Yang-Zhu school does not advocate that people contribute to others and society, but they also do not expect others and society to give them anything.

This is quite consistent with the concept of the ideal society proposed by the Taoist Lao Tzu that "neighbors look at each other, the voices of chickens and dogs hear each other, and the people do not interact with each other until they are old and dead", so some scholars point out that the Yang Zhu school actually came from Taoism.

But from a modern perspective, Lao Tzu's ideal society was built in antiquity when the population was scarce and productivity was low, and people needed close cooperation to survive.

There is no overproduction in society, there is no plunder between tribes, and there is no soil for the birth of private consciousness.

However, the era of Mencius has entered the era of feudal iron-making farming, and the productivity and population have long bound everyone's cost of survival to others, and it is no longer possible for society to "die and die without contact".

Therefore, Mencius criticized the Yang Zhu school, "Yang Zhu is me, and there is no king".

Mencius was soberly aware that it was impossible to return to the ancient Datong society in his own era, and the hierarchy of kings was deeply entrenched.

Yang Zhu's proposition is perverse and unrealistic.

Therefore, compared with the Yang-Zhu school, Mencius is more realistic. ”

The disciple of the Yangzhu school wanted to have a debate with the Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremony.

But he was persuaded by the third son Yingtian.

Signal that you will solve it.

The Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremonial looked at the peasant disciple again:

"The sage and the people plough and eat together, and feed and rule

There is also a school that has debated with Mencius, that is, the peasant family, which is also called the Shennong family under the guise of the ancient Shennong clan for propaganda.

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At that time, Teng Wengong intended to try Mencius's "benevolent government" thought, and attracted some wandering scholars, including a scholar of the peasant school named Xu Xing.

One day, Xu Xing met Chen Xiang, a Confucian disciple, and after talking, Chen Xiang was persuaded by Xu Xing to turn to the peasant doctrine.

Later, when this Chen Xiang met Mencius, he relayed Xu Xing's words to Mencius:

"Teng Jun is honest and virtuous; Although, unheard of also. The sage and the people plough and eat together, and feed and rule. ”

Teng Wengong is indeed a good monarch, but it's a pity that he doesn't understand reason. A truly virtuous king should work with the people to farm the land, cook his own fires, and govern the country at the same time.

This kind of thinking has a strong atmosphere of ancient agricultural civilization, and in the ancient Yaoshun period, the tribal leaders still inherited it through Zen Rang.

At that time, the leaders were all taking the lead in participating in labor, and they would be elected as leaders only if they gained high prestige, such as Dayu's "three times through the door without entering" water control experience.

Since ancient times, China has been an ancient agricultural society, and the people rely on agriculture to live, so the farmers believe that the king should also be the same as the people, to set an example to participate in agricultural production, and to drive the people's enthusiasm for production, so that it is the real wisdom.

This kind of people-friendly thinking of "farming with the people" seems to be very similar to the Confucian idea of "noble people", but Mencius did not approve of it.

He continued to ask rhetorical questions: "Does Mr. Xu have to weave cloth before putting on clothes and hats?" Did Mr. Xu make the pots and crockery he used for cooking? Did Mr. Xu make his own farm tools? ”

And with these three questions, it leads to the idea that "those who work hard govern people, and those who work hard govern people; Those who govern eat people, and those who govern eat people".

From a modern perspective, although Mencius's statement that people are divided into "laborers" and "laborers" is feudal, compared with the peasant thought, he has insight that the emergence of social division of labor is an inevitable product of social development.

The emergence of the social division of labor was accompanied by the relationship between the "laborers" and the "laborers" between the "governed" and the "governed", and the birth of this relationship was actually the emergence of contradictions and antagonisms between the ruling class and the common people in feudal society.

This contradiction and antagonism was born along with the development of the social productive forces, and at the same time promoted the development of the social productive forces.

And it is precisely because this contradiction is becoming more and more acute and prominent that it has given birth to a hundred schools of thought that have come out to put forward ideas to seek solutions.

In response to this contradiction, the peasant family proposed to let the "laborers" participate in the "labor" to reduce the antagonism of the contradiction;

Confucianism, on the other hand, acknowledges the antagonism between "laborers" and "laborers", and proposes a solution that allows "laborers" to apply "benevolent governance" to "laborers" and allows "laborers" to treat "laborers" like parents treat their children, so as to achieve the effect of alleviating the contradictions between the opposing sides, which is a comprehensive interpretation of "governance".

However, the Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai schools fundamentally deny the opposition between "heart" and "force", and do not believe that there is a contradiction between the two.

It's just that the two have gone to two extremes in terms of how to "work" and for whom they "work", and then there is a distinction.

As for the Zonghengjia, it seems that they completely serve the "laborers" and only seek to consolidate the power of the "laborers" to achieve the "overwhelming collapse" in favor of one side of the contradiction, but the reason why the contradiction is a contradiction is precisely because the strength of the two sides is equal, and such behavior can only increase the sharpness of the contradiction.

Therefore, as Mencius said, it is "the way of the villain", lacking a grand perspective to dominate the world, although it has also been brilliant, but it is not qualified to be included in the category of history and philosophy.

Taxi eats without incident, but what?

And between the "laborers" and the "laborers", there are still some groups of people with special positions, that is, these thinkers and scholars, in the concept of the ancients, are "scholars".

For example, Peng Geng, a disciple of Mencius, saw Mencius traveling with more than 100 followers and more than a dozen carriages, so he couldn't help but question Mencius: "Scholars have nothing to eat, and they can't do it." ”

Scholars who are not engaged in specific productive labor should not enjoy such treatment.

Mencius went on to explain to the scholars of the world:

"There are people here, filial piety when they enter, and filial piety when they go out, and they keep the way of the first king, so that they can wait for the scholars of the future, and they cannot eat the son. How can the son respect the craftsman in the wheel, and the light for the benevolent and righteous? ”

You are unwilling to give them the food they deserve, if they can be filial to their parents when they enter the door, if they can love their brothers and sisters when they go out, and if they protect the moral spirit left by the previous king, and pass on these spirits to future generations.

Why do you attach so much importance to those who are specifically engaged in production work, but you despise those who are engaged in the great cause of propagating benevolence, righteousness and morality?

Mencius told the people of the world that although scholars do not engage in specific production labor, they have made a lot of contributions.

Scholars are serving the society by "doing the way", building the spiritual beliefs of the public, and protecting the social atmosphere from being corrupted.

This "spiritual product" is eligible for food in the same way as the grain grown by the peasants and the daily necessities produced by the handicraft laborers.

This is also in line with the spirit of what Mencius said in his previous reply to others' arguments: "I also want to correct people's hearts, stop heresies, distance themselves from deeds, and prostitute themselves, so as to inherit the three sages".

Therefore, in this article, Mencius fully expounded the content of historical philosophy and political philosophy in Confucianism through dialogues with scholars of various schools and some disciples.

In these expositions, we can find that Mencius had a clear insight into the laws of social development, and his ideas were much more realistic than those of Mo Zhai, Yang Zhu, the peasant family, and the Zongheng school.

The grandeur of his perspective and the greatness of his salvation feelings are truly admirable. ”

As he spoke, the peasant disciple was about to roll up his sleeves and beat up the Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremony.

Fortunately, the third prince Yingtian, the ninth prince of South Korea, Han Fei, and Tian Wen, the prince of Qi, joined forces to stop it.

This saved the Confucian disciple who presided over the ritual from being beaten.

The third prince Yingtian looked at the Confucian disciple who offended all the scholars present who presided over the etiquette.

Lang Sheng asked:

"Have you said enough?"

The Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremonies carried it in front of him with one hand and the other on his back.

Very proudly and sneeringly:

"Enough is enough!"

You can see it.

This Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremonies not only criticized the Legalists and Mohists of the Three Princes Yingtian from Mencius's point of view.

It also criticized the Zongheng family, the peasant family, and the Yangzhu school.

Ironized Taoism.

That is, Wei Zhuang and Gai Nie of the Zongheng family are not there.

If so.

It is estimated that Wei Zhuang is now combing his hair with a shark-toothed sword to the Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremony.

The third son Yingtian nodded with great satisfaction:

"Say so.

Enough you say?

Since you are using Mencius's point of view.

That son said that you Confucian Mencius has no problem, right?

That is to say.

It's not just you who refute this child.

It is Mencius who gives you a theoretical basis.

But so? ”

The Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremonies was the same as the other Confucian disciples.

Laugh out loud:

"Hahahaha!

Naturally, it is!

No, the third son, you are a mortal.

How can I refute my Confucian sub-sage?

Wishful thinking and delusional are just embarrassing! ”

"Good!

I'll let you see it! ”

The third son Yingtian spread out his hands.

Signal everyone present to shut up and be quiet.

And so it goes.

The third son won the sky and gathered everyone's attention again.

The third prince Ying Tian breathed a long sigh of relief, and began to output with all his strength towards the extremely arrogant Confucian disciple.

Pointing to the nose of the Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremony, he scolded:

"You, and the old master Meng behind you, how cheeky you are!"

The third prince Yingtian stood in the middle, pulled out the Qin sword and pointed directly at the Confucian disciple who presided over the ceremony!

"Confucianism is hypocritical, and the world can prove it:

In the eyes of Confucianism, everyone is a villain, a gentleman;

All the techniques are lowly, and I am the only one;

Learning is all evil, only I am authentic.

Mozi and love, you Meng Ke scolded you for being a fatherless queen.

Yang Zhu Yanli, you Meng Ke scolded the study of beasts.

The Legalists are strong and rich in the people, and you Meng Ke scolded you as a tiger and a wolf for harsh government.

Lao Zhuang is detached, and you Meng Ke scolded him for escaping.

Soldiers, peasants, doctors, and workers, you Meng Ke scolded you for the last skill.

Vertical and horizontal strategist, you Meng Ke scolded the way of being a concubine.

You are arrogant and mean, and your words are not disrespectful, and you have harmed all the sons of the world!

But he was not ashamed to say that he openly regarded himself as a royal orthodoxy.

To be sure, what does Confucianism have in itself?

What do you Meng Ke study?

In a word, you can't wait for a group of nerds who are not diligent and do not distinguish between grains and grains, drowning in that disappearing dream all day long, only knowing that the big words are empty and deceiving the world and stealing fame!

The country is in distress and the state is in chaos, how could Confucianism come up with a useful idea?

You and others talk about the way of civil and military affairs all day long, and solve the people's upside down, but in fact, they advocate the restoration of the ancient system of Jingtian, so that thousands of people are displaced and have no land to cultivate!

You and others swore that 'the people are the foundation, the society is secondary, and the monarch is light', but in fact, they uphold the etiquette of the week, denigrate the legal system, and punish the doctors and the common people;

The people can make it happen, but they can't know it;

So that thousands of civilians have no lawsuits, no way to sue, how much blood is shed in the sky?

Such words and deeds at both ends, the heart should not be spoken, is it not a big hypocrisy and deception, but it is upright?

Confucianism is hypocritical, and even more:

You hide your heart of interest and harm, but you say that you are killing yourself and sacrificing your life for righteousness.

But looking at his deeds, he is tirelessly seeking officials and seeking justice, but if he can't, he is panicked like a lost dog!

Three days without seeing the king, his heart is troubled;

If you don't enter the government for a month, you don't know what to do.

In fact, the heart of interest is better than Confucianism in the world!

It is human nature to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages.

You ignore human nature, do not take advantage of the situation, but deliberately strangle like a castration!

Eating without speaking, sleeping without speaking, sitting without chaos, the kind of wood that does not know what life is praised by Yanagishita Hui as a gentleman with the same name as the saint!

Turned people into living zombies, bloodless eunuchs!

There are thousands of Confucian disciples, how many of them are like the children of the Mo family, who are real people who are alive and well?

How many people are not weak and useless?

Yin has something to ask for, but he is a humble gentleman with polite qualities, and if he can't ask for it, he will scold the world.

What's more, Confucianism openly regards hypocrisy as a virtue and openly entices people to tell lies:

Hidden for the saint, hidden for the adult, hidden for the sage; Teach people to abuse themselves, teach people to be obedient, teach people to be ignorant and selfish, and teach people to be obedient;

Purple Pen Literature