The ten sacred beasts of ancient times refer to the monsters in the myths and legends of the Han people, and these more than a dozen kinds of mythical beasts are Bai Ze, Kui, Phoenix, Qilin, Han Zhu, Hedgehog, Xuan, Chongming Bird, Bi Fang, Gluttony, Feifei, Zhuqian, Chaos, Qingji, and Qinglong. From "The Classic of Mountains and Seas", "Huainanzi" and other works.

Basic Information

Chinese name: Ancient period mythical beast

Mythological system: "Classic of Mountains and Seas", "Huainanzi"

Region: China

Level: Divine Beast

Bai Ze

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Bai Ze is an animal in Chinese legend. It is often used as a symbol of a virtuous ruler ruling the world, such as a unicorn or a phoenix.

The sacred beasts on Kunlun Mountain, the famous mountain beasts, are snow-white, can speak human words, understand the feelings of all things, and rarely haunt, unless there is a saint who governs the world at that time, he will come to the book.

"Xuanyuan Benji" has the story of the mythical beast Bai Ze: "(Yellow) Emperor patrolled the hunt, east to the sea, climbed Huan Mountain, and got Bai Ze's divine beast on the seashore, able to speak, and reached the love of all things." Because he asked about the ghosts and gods in the world. Since ancient times, the essence is the object, and the wandering soul is the change, there are 11,520 kinds, Bai Ze said, and the emperor's decree is written in pictures to show the world. ”

"Bai Ze" is a legendary beast, it knows the name, shape and exorcism of all ghosts in the world, so from a very early time, it has been worshiped as a god and auspicious to exorcise ghosts. Especially in the Middle Ages, the respect for Bai Ze was even more grand. At that time, "Bai Ze Tu" (also known as "Bai Ze Spirit Diagram")

Woo

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夔 (pinyin: kuí, phonetic: ㄎㄨㄟˊ, medieval pinyin: gyi) was born in Liubo Mountain in the East China Sea, its shape is like a cow, no horns, huge, dim black, but only one foot support, also called one-legged kui. Passed down to the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty, the legend of a dragon-like animal, the image is mostly a horn, a leg, the mouth is open, the tail is rolled, and there are often patterns on the bronze ware such as Zhongding Yi ware. The shape is like thunder, with only one foot. It is said that the Yellow Emperor killed Kui according to the instructions of the Nine Heavens Xuannu and made war drums from his skin.

Legend has it that Kui is a beast that emits light like the sun and the moon, and its cry is like thunder. Legend has it that it is the mount of the god of thunder.

Phoenix

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The phoenix is male, and the phoenix is female. It is a mythical animal and the king of birds in Chinese myths and legends; Also known as Vermilion Bird, Dan Bird, Firebird,, etc., in Western mythology, it is also called Firebird, Immortal Bird (but the phoenix in Eastern and Western cultures has an essential difference), the image is generally a flamingo with a relatively long tail, and the body is surrounded by fire, it is estimated that people have processed and evolved from the myth of flamingos. According to mythology, every time the phoenix dies, a fire will be lit around it, and then it will be reborn in the flames and gain a stronger vitality than before, which is called "Phoenix Nirvana". In this way, the phoenix gained immortality, hence the name "immortal bird".

Phoenix, like the unicorn, is a collective term for male and female, male is phoenix, female is phoenix, and it is collectively called phoenix, so the word phoenix is a compound word structure. The phoenix flies together, which is a symbol of auspiciousness and harmony. Like the image of a dragon, it becomes more and more complex the further it goes, with a red head, a rump, a snake's neck, a fish's tail, a tattoo, a turtle's body, a swallow's jaw, and a chicken's mouth. Since ancient times, the phoenix has become an important part of the Chinese culture.

Kirin

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Qilin, also known as "Qilin", referred to as "Lin", the benevolent beast and Rui beast in ancient legends, is an animal in ancient Chinese legends, and the phoenix, turtle and dragon are called "four spirits". Known as the Holy Beastmaster. and a mount of God.

The male is called the unicorn, and the female is called the lin. Judging from its external shape, the dragon's head, the body of the elk, the tail of the ox, the horse's hooves (it is said in the historical books to be "wolf's hooves"), the scales of the fish, have two horns, are dragon horns, and its horns are extremely hard. It is light gray.

梼杌

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梼杌 (táowù) was originally just a feared and disgusting villain, a beast of prey in ancient legends. Legend has it that it was one of the "Four Evils" in ancient times, and it was the resentment of 鲧 (gǔn) after his death.

According to the eighteenth year of the "Zuo Biography" Wen Gong: "If you have no talent, you can't teach a lesson, you don't know what to say, you are stubborn if you tell it, you are arrogant if you give it up, you are arrogant and virtuous, and the people of the world are called Han Zhu." After the death of this unteachable wicked man, he eventually evolved into a famous demonic beast in ancient times, "The Divine Strange Scripture and the Western Wilderness" recorded that "in the Western Wilderness, there are beasts, its shape is like a tiger and dog hair, two feet long, human face, tiger feet, pig teeth, tail length one zhang eight feet, disturbing the wilderness, the name of the Han. ”

Hedgehog

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獬豸 (xièzhì) is a famous divine beast produced under the ancient divine judgment and divine judgment thought, also known as the "law beast". The pig, also known as the pig, is an ancient mythical beast in ancient Chinese legends, the big one is like a cow, the small one is like a sheep, similar to a unicorn, the whole body has thick and dark hair, the eyes are bright and godly, and there is usually a horn on the forehead, commonly known as a unicorn. It has a high level of wisdom and understands human nature. Its eyes are wide open, it can distinguish between right and wrong, it can know good and evil, and when it finds an evil official, it touches him down with his horns and eats his stomach. It can distinguish the straight and right, and is also known as the divine sheep, it is a symbol of courage and justice, and it is a symbol of the emperor, "righteousness and brightness" and "peace and justice".

According to the "Treatise on Balance" and "Huainanzi Cultivation Chapter", it is as big as an ox and small as a sheep, its appearance is roughly similar to that of a unicorn, its whole body is covered with thick and dark hair, its eyes are bright and bright, and it usually has a single horn on its forehead. He has a high level of wisdom and can understand people's speech, and he will use his horns to resist those who are dishonest and disloyal. In later generations, ordinary sheep were often kept in temples to replace pigs.

Rhizome

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犼 [pinyin]: [hǒu], commonly known as Wangtian roar, roaring towards the sky, legend has it that he is the son of the dragon king and has the habit of watching. The dragon on the top of the Huabiao pillar (that is, roaring towards the sky) roars at the sky, which is regarded as uploading the will of heaven and sending the people's feelings. It is also recorded in literature that the mount of Guanyin Bodhisattva is "roaring towards the sky". An ancient book says that it is a northern beast that eats people like a dog. Shaped like a rabbit, the tips of the ears are long, only a little more than a foot long. The lion is afraid, and the roar of the cover is rotting. "Yan Exposure Talk" is contained.

It is recorded in the "Narrative of Differences": "There is a beast named in the East China Sea, which can eat borneol, take off up and down, and the eagle is abnormal. Every time he fights with the dragon, he breathes fire in his mouth for several feet, and the dragon is invincible. In the summer of the twenty-fifth year of Kangxi, Pingyang County has a dragon from the sea to the air, fighting for three days and nights, people see three dragons and two dragons, fight together, kill one dragon and two Jiao, and the dragon is also killed, and they all fall into the valley. One of them, one or two feet long, is like a horse, and has scales. After death, the flames in the scales are still on fire, and the cover is also fierce. Qing Tongzhi "Continuation of Yongding County Chronicles" uploaded: "In the second year of Tongzhi (AD 1863), there were strange beasts in the south of Yi, as big as an ox, with a tail like a fan, a wide mouth, straight like a basin, red hair all over the body, several feet long, devouring people and all evil beasts, or thinking that it was a cloud. ”

Heavy Bird

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Chongming Bird is a sacred bird in ancient Chinese mythology and legend. Its shape resembles a chicken, the song is like a phoenix, this bird has two eyeballs in both eyes, so it is called a heavy bird, also called a heavy eye bird. It has great strength and is able to fight beasts. It can ward off disasters such as fierce beasts and monsters. In the old New Year's customs, the chicken was pasted on the doors and windows, which was the last intention of the bird.

In the "Collected Memories", it is said that Yao reigned for 70 years, and there was a country of accumulation, offering a bright bird, and a Shuangqing was in sight. It looks like a chicken, and it sings like a phoenix. Untie the feathers and fly with the wings. It can chase away the beasts and wolves, so that the demons and the evil cannot be harmed. Sometimes I come several times 365 days, and sometimes I don't come all year round. The people of the country are all sprinkled and swept the door to keep the light. If the heavy Ming bird has not arrived, the people of the country or carved wood, or built a bronze statue, for the image of this bird, placed between the Ming households, then the charm and the like, naturally retreated. Therefore, they all carved wooden statues, made bronze statues or painted images.

Bi Fang

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An omen of fire in ancient Chinese legends. Bi Fang's name comes from the crackling sound made when bamboo and wood burn, and he is the god of fire and wood, and dwells among trees. Bi Fang's appearance is a red-crowned crane, but it has only one leg (one word says only one wing), a blue body with red spots, and a white beak. Bifang does not eat grains and devours flames, and it is said that Bifang's appearance foreshadows a fire. Legend has it that when the Yellow Emperor gathered ghosts and gods in Mount Tai, he rode a chariot drawn by a dragon, while Bi Fang waited beside the chariot.

In the "Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Three Classics of the West", in the mountain of Zhang'e, there is a bird with a shape like a crane, one leg, with red stripes and a white beak. It's called Bi Fang. "Overseas Southern Longitude": "Bifang Bird is in the east, Qingshui in the west, and has only one foot. And in "Huainanzi Pan Commentary", it is said that Mu Sheng is a prescription. Therefore, it is said that Bifang is changed by wood spirits, and the shape is a bird, one foot, and does not eat grains. In "Anthology of Literature: Zhang Heng [Tokyo Fu]", he said: "Bi Fang...Old Father God, like a bird, with two legs and one wing, often causes strange disasters in others. And "Han Feizi: Ten Mistakes" said: "In the past, the Yellow Emperor joined the ghosts and gods on the West Qin Mountain, drove an elephant car and a dragon, and killed him. Yuan Ke said that Bi Fang is a phoenix, and the phoenix is a sunbird, so "if you see it, you will have a false fire". "Piao": "Bi Fang, Zhao Firebird also. The phoenix is a god and a symbol of calamity. "Huainanzi Benjing Training": "When Yao, the strong wind is harmful, and Yao is to make Yi pay the wind in Qingqiu. The gale is the phoenix. "Huainanzi" "Wood Life Bifang" is influenced by the Five Elements Thought, which means that wood makes fire. Because Bi Fang is a firebird, Bi Fang is used to replace fire, which does not mean that Bi Fang was born in wood.

gourmand

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饕餮, pronounced tāotiè, is an imaginary and mysterious monster (not to be confused with the dragon five sons). The ancient book "Classic of Mountains and Seas" introduces its characteristics: a sheep body, eyes under the armpits, tiger teeth and human claws, a big head and a big mouth. Very gluttonous, eat whatever you see, because you eat too much, you end up dying. Later, he described the greedy person as "gluttonous". There are related images in games, novels, comics, film and television works.

"The Divine Sutra: The Southwest Wilderness Sutra": "There are people in the southwest, hairy, and wearing pigs on their heads. Greedy as vicious, accumulating wealth without using it, and good at taking people's grains (the original work of the previous two sentences is "good for self-accumulation, not cannibalism", according to the "Historical Records of the Five Emperors" righteous citation). The strong take the old and the weak, and they are afraid of the strong and hit the single, which is called gluttony. "Spring and Autumn" glutton, Jinyun's untalented son. ”

"Zuo Chuan: The Eighteenth Year of Duke Wen" clouds: "The Jinyun clan has no talent, greedy for food, risky for bribes, greedy for extravagance, and cannot be tired of it; The people of the world compare the three evils, which is called gluttony. The so-called "Spring and Autumn" words of the "Divine Sutra" are this.

"Lü's Spring and Autumn Knowledge" cloud: "The cycle is gluttonous, there is a head without a body, cannibalism is not swallowed, and it harms its body." Song Luomi's "History of the Road: The Biography of Chiyou" notes the clouds: "The god of Chiyou Tianfu, the shape is not constant, three generations of Yi vessels, and many of them are like Chiyou, which is the ring of the greedy and abusive. Its image is in the shape of a beast, with meat wings. "As he said, he is also gluttonous.

"Zuo Biography" said that gluttony was "Jinyun's untalented", and the "Historical Records: Five Emperors' Benji" collection quoted Jia Xuan as saying: "Jinyun's family, surnamed Jiang, is also a descendant of Emperor Yan, and was an official in Jinyun when he was the Yellow Emperor." "Chiyou Jiang's surname is also a descendant of Emperor Yan ("Lu Shi Chiyou Biography"), so Chiyou is likely to be the "untalented" gluttony of the Jinyun clan. and "The Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Second Classic of the North" recorded "roe deer (trumpet bird)", Guo Pu noted that it was the gluttony of "Zuo Chuan".

Attached: Roe Deer Owl: "The Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Three Classics of the North": "The Mountain of Hook Wu...... There is a beast, its shape is a sheep with a human face, its eyes are in the armpits, tiger teeth and human claws, its sound is like a baby, its name is called a roe deer owl, it is a cannibal. Guo Pu's note: "For the sake of greed (Xinlin), cannibalism is not exhausted, and it also harms his body, like in Xia Ding, "The So-called Zuo Chuan" is gluttonous. ”

Yuanfei chicken is also known as flipping chicken, eye feather chicken. Purple with eyes under the wings. The sunrise and the evening are also (the alien species of the pigeon), and the "Cave Soul" is loaded.

Philip

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Pronunciation: (fěifěi) is a bit like a raccoon dog with a white tail. Nurturing it can relieve sorrows.

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas (Zhongshan Classic)" contains: forty miles to the north, called Huo Mountain, its wood is many. There is a beast, its shape is like a raccoon dog 1, and the white tail, there is a hyena, the name is called féi, and it can be worried.

1 Raccoon dog: Commonly known as a wild cat, it is smaller than a fox, fat and shorter.

Fifty-two miles to the north, it is said that the mountain of Hegu is a lot of thorns.

The original meaning of fibula refers to the calf, which is good at flexion and extension.

Zhu Qian

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The body of a leopard with a human face, ears and eyes of a cow, a long tail, and a loud voice. Walk with your tail on and cross your tail when resting.

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas (The Classic of the North Mountains)" is contained.

Eight hundred miles to the north, it is said that the mountain of single sheets, there is no grass and trees on it. There is a beast, its shape is like a leopard and a long tail, the head of a person and the ears of a cow, an eye, the name is called Zhuqian, good at Zha, and the line is linked to its tail.

chaos

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Chaos is one of the mythical creatures of the Four Evils, with long hair and four legs, like a dog, with a belly but no internal organs. Resist the good and rely on the wicked.

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