For the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

The most important discovery of this excavation of the dam is to obtain a set of key stratigraphic overlapping relationships to judge the relative age of the Laohuling dam.

The porcelain bowls unearthed in the second layer of the trench are common artifacts in the Song Dynasty, and the celadon bowls unearthed in the third and fourth layers and the relics superimposed under the third layer are the same or similar to the similar artifacts unearthed from the Tang Dynasty strata and relics at the Maqiao site in Shanghai.

The original porcelain bowl unearthed in the fifth layer is the same as the shape of the same utensils unearthed in Changxing Nose Mountain and Anji Longshan, and the era is the early stage of the Warring States Period, and similar utensils are also common in the early and middle Warring States tombs in Shaoxing area.

The clay pots, pottery pots, pottery pots, stone axes, stone knives, stone arrowheads, grinding stones, etc. unearthed in the relics of the sixth and sixth layers are the same or similar in shape and decoration characteristics as the similar vessels of the Maqiao culture unearthed at the Maqiao site in Shanghai.

The two pieces of Ding foot unearthed have a circular socket on the outside of the foot root, and a similar practice can also be seen on the pottery Ding or pottery foot unearthed at the Bishan site in Huzhou.

Moreover, there are vertical or circular indentations in the relative position of the inner wall of the foot root unearthed Dingzu, which belongs to the typical Guangfulin culture.

So far, there have been no other sites of Maqiao culture unearthed such a dingzu, so it is inferred that the age of the Maqiao culture relics in the exploration ditch should not be far from the Guangfulin culture.

The only one in the trench unearthed from the Liangzhu ruins of the fish fin-shaped pottery tripod foot is slightly wider, which can be included in the category of "T" shaped tripod foot, which is consistent with the characteristics of the A4 type tripod of the Liangzhu culture tomb in Xindi, Tongxiang, Zhejiang, and is a more common vessel shape in the middle of the Liangzhu culture.

The pillar-footed pottery, also known as the solid foot, the body is mostly clay pottery, and the column-foot is sand-filled pottery, which is found in typical units such as M40 in Fuquan Mountain, Shanghai, and H1 in Tongxiang, Zhejiang, and belongs to the representative pottery of the late and early stage of Liangzhu culture.

The side flat feet of sand-filled terracotta are also mostly seen in the late Liangzhu culture, such as in the Bianjiashan site.

Moreover, the relics of the late Liangzhu culture broke the dam body accumulation, thus providing key evidence for determining the age of the construction of the Laohuling Dam.

In addition to the chronological basis supported by the stratigraphic overlapping relationship, this archaeological excavation also clearly revealed the structure and construction method of the Laohuling Dam.

In particular, the construction method of the core area and edge of the dam has laid the foundation for the overall study of the water conservancy system of the ancient city of Liangzhu.

The excavation work shows that the structure of the Laohuling Dam is very complex, and different construction methods are adopted in the core area and the edge position, especially the construction of the core area, which has been carefully designed and multi-link construction to better ensure the safety of the dam body.

The construction of the edge of the dam is relatively simple, saving material and labor costs.

However, due to the limited excavation area, the understanding of the structure and construction method of the Laohuling Dam is still partial, and there are still many specific problems that are not clear.

It includes how the transition and connection between the core area and the edge are realized, and what are the differences in the structure and construction of the front and back sides of the dam.

At the macro level, a lot of research work is still needed on the relationship between the abandonment of the Laohuling Dam and the evolution of the ecological environment, as well as the relationship between the Liangzhu culture and the decline of the ancient city of Liangzhu.

In addition, cultural relics after the Liangzhu culture have also been found in the ditch, among which the relics of the Maqiao culture and the Tang and Song dynasties are relatively rich, and the nature of these relics is also worthy of further consideration.

The three-month trench excavation work has made the entire archaeological team very fruitful.

"Now it is basically certain that this Laohuling Dam was built in the middle of the Liangzhu culture at the latest, and it has been abandoned in the late Liangzhu culture, which is determined according to the broken relationship between the unearthed relics of the late Liangzhu culture."

Standing in the trench pit, Kong Jianwen rubbed his old waist and said excitedly: "And we also have a clear understanding of the civilized activities in the Laohuling Dam area. ”

"It's the same as the inferences made by other scholars who have studied the ancient kingdom of Liangzhu."

"It is almost certain that the ancient kingdom of Liangzhu fell in a great flood around 4,200 years ago, forming a floodplain more than one meter thick, and this area has become unsuitable for human life."

"About a thousand years of precipitation period passed, and then a later culture reoccupied this area, that is, the Maqiao culture."

"Then in the Warring States Period, the area where Liangzhu was located prospered again, and was once again incorporated into the civilization circle by the Chinese civilization, becoming part of the Wu and Yue kingdoms."

"However, after the unification of the Qin and Han dynasties, the Wu and Yue kingdoms were inaccessible and human activities were not frequent."

"After the Tang Dynasty, the area where Liangzhu is located prospered again until modern times."

The "capital" area where the ancient kingdom of Liangzhu is located can be said to have experienced a wealth of experience after several ups and downs, weakened, revived, and weakened again.

The discovery of the ancient city of Liangzhu and its surrounding water conservancy system is one of the important advances in Chinese prehistoric archaeology in recent years, which provides important materials for the study of the origin of Chinese civilization.

However, it is only a test excavation on one of the 11 dams, and it is still very early to unravel the mystery of the ancient city of Liangzhu.

30° north latitude, a magical and full of surprises.

Ancient Egyptian Civilization, Two River Valley Civilization, Ancient Indian Civilization...... It seems to be the cradle of civilization appointed by God, witnessing the rise of civilization from generation to generation.

5,500 years ago, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, which also belonged to this latitude line, also accompanied by large-scale population migration, ushered in its own masters.

They built dams, built earthen platforms, planted rice, and built cities, leading the Taihu Lake basin to the threshold of early statehood. The height reached by the Liangzhu civilization in the East is comparable to that of the ancient Egyptian civilization and the ancient Mesopotamian civilization of the same era.

Today, when we return to the ancient city of Liangzhu through clues, we will still be amazed by the feats of people 5,000 years ago.

What is even more commendable is that around 5,000 years ago, on the eve of the birth of Chinese civilization, Yangshao, Hongshan, Dawenkou culture, Liangzhu and other cultures converged and reflected each other, and radiated their influence with their advanced productive forces all the time.

It has left a strong mark in the process of pluralistic integration that nurtured Chinese civilization.

Although there is no doubt that the Han people originated in the northern Central Plains, the Sino-Tibetan language family also originated in northern China.

Even the current Chinese civilization can be said to be inseparable from the culture of the Central Plains.

However, the Liangzhu civilization in the same period was indeed higher than that of the Central Plains at that time.

Although, Liangzhu eventually died out in this world, and there was no successor civilization.

However, Liangzhu's excellent culture has been absorbed by the "Yan-Huang" system that emerged in the Central Plains.

The Central Plains region of the Qianli Plain easily formed a strong public power and armed force, and it was overwhelming against Liangzhu in terms of military power.

Perhaps, the history of the unification of the south in the north may have existed in the Liangzhu period.

Liangzhu may be the first southern regime in the history of Chinese civilization to be absorbed and conquered by the northern regime.