Chapter 80: Permanent Neutrality

Unlike my keen interest in World War II, Andrei seems to have a much worse sense of World War II than I do.

It was the most elite German troops attacking the Brest fortress at that time, and the defenders were the most tenacious fighters. The battle here is really the best interpretation of the characteristics of the combat units on both sides of the Soviet-Russian war at that time, and it also fully demonstrates the direct competition between the Germanic chariots and the fighting peoples. Looking at Andrei's Germanic features, I seemed to see Andrei's shadow among the soldiers attacking the fortress. I suddenly smiled and asked Andrei:

- "How does it feel to see yourself defeated?" ”

Andrei said with some confusion that he really didn't feel anything. Treat him like a German again!

He was even a little incredulous that I was so fascinated by the war in Soviet Russia.

At this time, I realized that Andrei's country was not like Russia and Germany, China and Japan, and their countries did not experience those two terrible wars.

Switzerland was almost the only European country that avoided the ravages of World War I and World War II. So, the Swiss have a different interpretation of the war than we do.

At this point, my imagination that Andrei could be a soldier was turned upside down. Of course, I have to understand international politics when I study international relations, and I can't help but be concerned about the extreme manifestations of war, which is a political conflict. Therefore, I naturally ignore countries that are not the subject of war – such as Switzerland

Despite his Germanic ancestry and appearance, and his ability to speak German, it is no wonder that he was considered German before, but he was a Swiss by and from the ground up.

He was extremely disdainful of Germany in World War II. Of course, he could not empathize with the war as a German.

This is what I found different from most people I know about Andrei. War never seemed to be on his mind, and although he would go to military service, it seemed to be just an old Swiss tradition.

You can talk to André about art, about philosophy, about music, about sports and politics, about economics and culture, but you can't communicate with him about the war, and even though I haven't experienced it, I still have some knowledge of it. In Andrei's mind, war was a medieval affair, an event that modern people should completely avoid.

Russia, the United States, treats Andrei like a distant cousin whom he has known since childhood, but who has little affection for him. Both familiar and distant. I know quite a few Europeans. But Andrei is the Europe of Europe. His favorite is his own country. What he admires most is also European culture. He scorns Hollywood and dismisses Wall Street. He even thinks it is unreasonable to call Russia a fighting nation. They are Swiss people who are real military men.

Andrea's attitude made me more and more curious about this small mountain country nestled in the Alps. As a student of international relations, I naturally know that this world is not something that you can be neutral if you want to. How many vassal states were coerced into wars, and even relegated to the home turf of wars.

What kind of people are they in Switzerland, and what gives them that unstoppable confidence?

The system of permanent neutrality originated in the early 19th century, and the world's first permanent neutrality was Switzerland. There is also information that Switzerland is the only permanently neutral State that is explicitly provided for in international law. In other words, the only country that is truly neutral is Switzerland.

During World War II, Switzerland was also spared the war, and its status as a permanently neutral country was consolidated.

During the Cold War, Switzerland was also respected by both camps because of its status as a permanently neutral country.

Switzerland is a small country in Central Europe, and its policy of neutrality has deep historical roots.

After the fall of Napoleon's empire, the victorious powers of Europe held a conference in Vienna from October 1, 1814 to June 9, 1815, at which it was decided to establish Switzerland as a permanent neutral country as a buffer zone for France, Austria, Germany, and Italy in order to prevent a resurgence of France.

In 1907, when the world was filled with the haze of great war, the European powers, in order to temporarily ease the dispute, convened the second meeting of the First International Peace Conference in The Hague, the Netherlands, at which Switzerland signed the Convention on International Law on Neutrality. For the first time, the Hague Convention codified in writing the rights and obligations of neutral states in the event of war.

It clearly stipulates the inviolability of neutral territory; Pursue a policy of neutrality in international wars and refrain from hostile acts and assistance to any of the belligerents; prohibition of belligerents from using their own territory.

For nearly a century, Switzerland maintained its military strength and self-defense while maintaining the principle of neutrality from the interferences of the First World War.

In World War II, when surrounded on all sides by the Axis powers, Switzerland defended its independence with complete defense and a strong will. It seems that even if Andrei had caught up with the war, he would not have played for Hitler.

Switzerland's permanent neutrality has given it a peaceful environment for development and flexible diplomatic space, which has enabled the landlocked country to enjoy peace and stability for nearly two hundred years and to develop into one of the richest countries in Europe.

The policy of neutrality also brought great political and diplomatic benefits to Switzerland.

Especially in the Second World War and in the post-war decades, Switzerland used its position as a neutral country to exert a unique influence and role in international politics. For example, in 1954, Switzerland played an important role as host of the two international conferences for the peaceful settlement of the Korean and Indochina problems held in Geneva.

In the Museum of the Brest Fortress. I was deeply saddened by the price paid by Russia and Germany for the war, and looking at Andrei, whose eyes were full of curiosity, I suddenly had this thought: lucky Switzerland, lucky Andrey!