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At a time when people were arguing about the rights and wrongs of the Protestant Reformation, printed leaflets became an important means of propagating religious ideas.

They attack each other with cartoon images and fiery rhetoric on flyers. This use of the printing press allowed more people to express their thoughts on religious issues.

Although the spread of the printing press was not confined to Western Europe, Russia was slow to publish printed products.

It was not until 1564 that the first printed book was published in Moscow, more than 100 years later than in Western Europe.

By the beginning of the 17th century, only about 700 books had been published in Russia, mostly on religious subjects.

Later, Peter I advocated the publication of more books on popular subjects, and St. Petersburg developed into a publishing center in Russia.

At the same time, the Spaniards also established publishing establishments in the colonies of the Americas.

Although the Spanish colonizers imported many Spanish books from Spain, the Colonial Press made it easy for the Spaniards to publish books of European origin, and at the same time allowed colonial writers to publish their own works.

In the thirties of the 16th century, Mexico had its first publishing house.

The oldest surviving printed book in Mexico is a Catechism in Spanish and Nahuatl, published in 1539.

By the end of the 16th century, nearly 200 books of all kinds had been published in Mexico City.

Lima, Peru, established several publishing houses in 1583.

By the end of the 18th century, 18 of Spain's colonial cities had established local publishing houses, and most of the works were of a religious nature.

Unlike in the Spanish colonies, Brazil did not establish its first publishing house until 1808.

Previously, Brazilian writers had to send their works to Portugal in order to be published, as the Portuguese government forbade its South American colonies from producing their own books.

In the late 16th century, Europeans introduced printing to neon.

Although the neon people had a printing business as early as the 8th century.

However, it was in 1590 that European-style movable metal type printing first made its way into neon.

In that year, the missionaries brought movable metal type, mold machines, and printing presses to the missionary training school in Nagasaki.

The first book printed in Roman characters was published in 1591.

The first printed book using Japanese characters was published in 1597.

In the early 17th century, neon banned Christianity, and printing technology in Europe was useless.

After 1611, Neon did not publish Western-style printed books for a long time.

It wasn't until the middle of the 19th century that Neon welcomed a new Gutenberg publishing house.

European printing technology was introduced to China even later, around the late 19th century.

Prior to this, the Chinese had already printed many books using movable type on wooden blocks.

In the 18th century, the Chinese adopted the technique of printing movable metal type, and used this technique to print 80,000 pages of the imperial encyclopedia.

In the late 19th century, Huaxia began to try to import printing technology from the West, and the Commercial Press was established for this purpose.

Founded in 1897 in the Magic City, the Commercial Press was the first publishing house in China to adopt Western printing technology.

Not only did the information revolution make it possible for books to be widely disseminated, but the development of the publishing industry also brought about the mass distribution of newspapers.

In the 18th century, a middle-class lifestyle was formed, the first manifestation of which was the rise of the newspaper industry.

In 1702 the first daily newspaper was published in London, and soon all of England began to read them.

In the 80 years since, 37 towns and cities in England have published their own local newspapers, which carry not only news, but also commercials for everything from medical medicine and pharmaceuticals to luxury goods.

Magazines also appeared in the 18th century, and they provided entertaining news and serious political commentary. By the 80s of the 18th century, there were about 150 magazines in England.

The most famous is The Observer, with a combined circulation of nearly 15,000 copies.

Founded in 1704 and discontinued in 1871, the Lady's Journal was the longest-running magazine at the time, with themes such as self-improvement, practical guidance, and love.

Latin America had its first newspapers published in the 18th century. The first newspaper in Spanish America, the Mexican Gazette Nuevo España Izvestia, was first published in Mexico City in 1722.

It was not until 1803 that the first daily newspapers were published in Latin America. In the early years of the Spanish colony, the direction of publishing was mainly focused on religion and literature.

In the early 19th century, independence movements broke out, and the publishing industry in Latin America began to express more independent political views and ideas.

Since there were no publishing houses in Brazil, it was not until 1808 that the first newspaper was published in Brazil, and the Rio de Janeiro Weekly was born in this year.

In addition to books, newspapers, and magazines, another important aspect of the information revolution was the development of the postal system.

In order to disseminate written information, the Second Continental Congress in 1775 became the first postmaster.

Subsequently, the Ugly Constitution stipulated that the postal service was invested and operated by the federal government.

In 1789, the Parliament of Chou Guo passed a decree establishing the General Post Office of Chou Koku, which initially had 75 post offices and about 1,800 miles of postal lines.

The mission of the General Post Office is to establish and maintain postal routes for the long-term delivery of postal letters from home and abroad to the people of Chouguo.

By the way, I forgot to say that what doesn't make money is simply publishing books!

If a publishing house only publishes books and not newspapers or magazines, the chances of making money are slim to none.

But someone has to do it, and the publishing house doesn't make money, it's feelings.

Gorky once said that books are the ladder of human progress, and in popular terms, books are an important tool for people to learn and progress.

In addition to learning enough knowledge from the classroom, people also need to obtain the knowledge they need from their own reading experience, and of course, they also need the content and variety of books published to meet our own needs.

All in all, books are a very important part of human beings.

However, in times of war, how many people are still in the mood to read?

Everyone is busy feeding a mouthful of food and desperately trying to do it!

Therefore, in the event of a war, the blow to the publishing industry is particularly great.

No one knows better than Lai what is coming and what is to come, and that will be one of the most tragic global wars in human history.

The survival of the people is no longer guaranteed, so how can we develop the spiritual cause even stronger?

And how can war, as a force majeure machine that destroys the country, allow the book publishing industry to continue to grow and develop?

However, there are no absolutes, and there is such an exception, that is, the development of the book publishing industry in the ugly country during World War II can even be far more prosperous than that of Britain and France, which used to have a very brilliant book publishing industry.

What was the reason that the book publishing industry in the ugly country escaped the disability of the war, and what was the reason why the book publishing industry in the ugly country could develop rapidly during World War II?

First, during World War II, book publishing in European countries was hit hard, and there was a very large shortage of books.

Before the outbreak of World War II, the world's most famous book publishing countries were Britain and France, which were among the best in the world in terms of the quality of book content and the number of books published.

However, since the beginning of the Second World War, Britain and France, as warring countries, and as countries very close to the main battlefield, have been greatly affected, and the book publishing industry has not been able to operate completely normally.

As a result, there is a very big gap in the book publishing market, and although people are suffering from the war, the demand for books is still very large.

Therefore, when Britain and France could not provide books to all countries in the world normally, people's call for books became louder and louder, so at this time, the book publishing market in the ugly country gradually increased the number of books published, and soon became popular with the people.

Therefore, during the Second World War, the book publishing industry in European countries was hit hard, and the book shortage was very large, which was an important reason why the book publishing industry in the ugly country could develop rapidly during the Second World War.

Even those who have not studied history know that in World War II, China's main enemy was neon, while the main enemy of Britain and France was Germany.

In addition, the distance between Germany and Britain and France was very close, which led to the fact that Britain and France suffered more losses in the war than other countries, and the domestic development order was also greatly disrupted.

Before the end of the war, the domestic order could only be in a relatively chaotic state.

Correspondingly, the development of various industries naturally cannot be better developed, and this is the case with the book publishing industry.

Because of the war with Germany, many passages were controlled by the German army, and even if a certain number of books were printed, it was difficult to sell them all to other international markets.

However, during this period, people's hatred of war also needed books to dissipate more, so the people's voice for books was very loud, and the number of books published in China was far from satisfying.

The contraction of the book publishing industry in Britain and France also made this sentiment more and more high, and at this time, the book publishing industry in the ugly country was developing in an orderly manner.

As a result, the demand for books and orders from various countries have been transmitted to the ugly country, which has stimulated the book publishing industry in the ugly country, thereby improving the development speed of the book publishing industry in the ugly country.

As a result, the development scale of the book publishing industry in the ugly country quickly surpassed that of Britain and France, and became the most prosperous country in the book publishing industry at that time.

Second, although the ugly country is a participating country, it is far away from the main battlefield and has little impact.

In World War II, as long as the countries involved in the war were bound to be affected, but this impact was large and small, just like China, which was the victorious country with very large losses in World War II at that time.

And the ugly country is a relatively small victorious country in World War II, so even if the ugly country participated in World War II, its domestic impact is less than that of other countries.

In this way, some domestic industries can also develop relatively slowly.

Because of the war, the patriotic enthusiasm of the people of the ugly country has also been aroused, and many people are making efforts for the victory of their country.

The dissemination and sale of books is an important way to spread this patriotic enthusiasm, so many people have participated in the development of the book publishing industry.

This was also due to the fact that the impact of the war in the country was relatively small at that time, and the domestic environment was relatively stable.

In this way, more people can participate in the development of the book publishing industry, no matter what position, no matter what the content of the work, there are ugly Chinese people who continue to participate.

This also stimulated the vitality of the book publishing industry, which could have developed rapidly during World War II.

Third, in order to develop the economy, the merchants of the ugly country have continuously expanded the market for the book publishing industry

The nations of the world have once again become one through the war, and this has made the book publishers in the ugly countries see the shrinking of the publishing industry in Britain and France.

Therefore, as a relatively powerful capitalist country at that time, it was unimaginable that the ugly country pursued capital and money.

And these publishers quickly seized the loophole in Britain and France and began to develop the book publishing industry in the ugly country.

And because of the world's demand for books, local publishers in the ugly country also see the potential of the international market.

In order to develop the publishing industry, they also targeted foreign markets, and book orders from more countries gradually shifted to ugly countries.

Many publishers have gained confidence from such orders and continue to expand their own publishing industry, which can also meet the economic needs of the ugly country, and the book publishing industry has also provided a lot of impetus for the economic development of the ugly country.

Fourth, in order to eliminate the influence of **, the Federation of Ugly Countries is very much in favor of book publishing.

Germany's **** has made all countries in the world aware of the dangers of this culture, so in order to avoid being brainwashed by this fanatical ideology, the ugly country also supports the correct book publishing very much to resist the erosion of German thought.

At the same time, the ugly country also cooperated with the British, both in order to resist the German militaristic ideology.

Books were a convenient way to disseminate ideas at that time, and many people loved to read very much.

The publication of books has been recognized by the state, and in the process of development, the book publishing industry has also gained a lot of convenience, and many famous writers are also willing to publish their works, so that more people can feel the charm of it, so as to eliminate the influence of Germany.

The above opportunities are actually the reasons for the development of book publishing, but Li Yaoyang hesitates because this business does not make money.

No matter how prosperous the publishing industry is, it will not make money in theory.

It's all about selling knowledge, so why don't publishers make money?

Publishing houses have always sold knowledge, so why can't they make money?

Because this is the case with the value chain of every type of product, the bottom is the most important, but it is also the "cheapest".

For example, from seeds to wheat to flour, how much money has changed dramatically, and the publishing house is "growing wheat".

Whether flour is made into steamed buns, noodles, baked cakes, or biscuits and cakes, the difference in making money is also huge.

And most publishing houses mainly make steamed buns.

From elementary school to university, master's and doctoral experts, for a work, the publishing house does what it does at the elementary school level.

From the Agri-Industry, Commerce, Finance...... The classification of "publishing house" has always been awkward, choosing the industry when registering in various situations, and finally having to choose itself as "other......

Therefore, it seems normal for publishers to stay at the bottom of the value chain and not make money.