After finishing Chen Jiahe's full moon wine, Liu Guangqi should be busy with his own business, because it is a pilot two-year high school, so Liu Guangqi is going to face the college entrance examination this year, although Liu Guangqi does not think that the topics of this era can stop him, a veteran who kills from the sea of questions, but there is no big mistake in being careful.

After all, the college entrance examination is the most convenient shortcut to change a person's fate, if the boat capsizes in the gutter, then Liu Guangqi's reputation will be ruined. Speaking of the college entrance examination, many people think that the college entrance examination is something that only exists after the establishment of New China, but in fact, the college entrance examination has appeared as early as the Republic of China, but the time is very short.

In the 26 years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, that is, between 1912 and 1937, the enrollment of colleges and universities in the Republic of China was organized by each school itself, and the proposition was also produced by each school itself, which is the "independent enrollment" advocated in the 21st century

At that time, the university entrance examination belonged to the "era of a piece of paper", or "the era of an essay". In other words, the exam was extremely simple, with few subjects and a small number of questions.

For example, in 1929, BJ University's Mandarin exam was just an essay question, and candidates only needed to write a good composition. That year, the essay questions were divided into Part A and Part B, and the question of Part A was: "Qing Jizeng and Li Zhuren advocated Western learning, set up the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, and translated scientific books, many of which were profound, why did they have little impact on the society at that time?" Let's talk about it. The question in Part B is: "What are the similarities and differences between the Qing Confucian methods of learning and those of previous generations?" Let's put it simply. ”

At that time, the president of Peking University was Mr. Cai Yuanpei, a famous educator. After Mr. Cai, from October 1930, Jiang Menglin served as the principal until October 1945.

After Jiang Menglin took office, the content of the Peking University test paper has become more, but compared with the current exam, it is not an exam at all, at most it is a weekend test.

For example, in 1932, the Chinese language test paper of Peking University was divided into six parts, although the content was much richer than the 1929 essay, but it only became like a test paper

Under this enrollment model, colleges and universities have full autonomy in recruiting students. For example, at that time, many universities offered "preparatory courses", or "preparatory courses". More than 50% of students enrolled in the "preparatory course" can go to university in their own school without examination. In addition to these, there is also a method of "escort and exemption from examination", and the current system of escorting students is to a large extent learned from the Republic of China. At that time, there was also a high school entrance examination, and if you had a good score in the entrance examination, you could be directly sent to university. Generally speaking, 15% of the candidates have the opportunity to be escorted, but the score of the escort students is not less than 80 points (out of 100).

In addition to "independent enrollment" and "guaranteed admission and exemption from examinations", the Ministry of Education at that time also formulated and promoted enrollment systems such as "joint enrollment" and "entrusted enrollment". It is the Ministry of Education to divide the examination area and conduct a unified college entrance examination in the examination area. Then, a university takes the lead and brings together a group of universities to recruit students. For example, during the Anti-Japanese War, Southwest Associated University used to be the leading school and organized joint enrollment of various universities.

The registration, proposition, marking and other matters of joint enrollment are generally decided by each examination area in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China. However, the enrollment quota of each school is reviewed by the Ministry of Education, and it is not possible to recruit as many as you want. If there is not enough enrollment, a second examination can be organized. This joint enrollment system has indeed recruited many talents, such as Deng Jiaxian, a famous nuclear physicist in the Republic of China and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who was admitted to the Department of Physics of Southwest Associated University in 1941 in the joint enrollment.

The Joint Admissions Examination also has a "guaranteed exemption", and the overall proportion is also very high. For example, in 1942, the ratio of the number of students enrolled in the examination to the number of exempted students was 85:15, that is, 15 out of 100 new students were exempted from the examination. The requirements for escort students are much more relaxed than now, and the first condition is of course excellent students, but they will not be too rigid. Universities also recruit pre-requisite students, and the proportion of these students who are exempt from entrance examinations is as high as 50%. The requirements for entering the preparatory class are not high, and the grades of each subject taken should be passed, and the three subjects of Chinese language, history, and geography should all have a score of 70 or above, and the conditions will be met.

In 1937, after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, 52 of the 108 colleges and universities in the country moved to the rear area, and 27 of them moved to Chongqing, and students from the occupied areas flocked to Chongqing. In order to meet the special needs of the Anti-Japanese War, the Ministry of Education of the Nationalist Government ordered the unified enrollment of all national colleges and universities in 1938. Later, the scope of unified enrollment was extended to public institutions.

To this end, the Ministry of Education at that time set up a National Unified Admissions Committee, which was responsible for the national unified college entrance examination. The committee is responsible for formulating the enrollment guidelines; Marking of propositions and the introduction of admission standards; formulating and promulgating examination questions; Review of results; Decide on and assign students to be admitted. At the same time, it is also responsible for studying the improvement of the admissions system and other related matters. In the same year, the first national unified college entrance examination was conducted.

At that time, the Ministry of Education set up recruitment sub-offices in Chongqing, Chengdu, Kunming and other places, and registered in mid-July and took the exam in late July. Chongqing has 3 test centers: SPB, Beibei, and Jiangjin Baisha.

At that time, Chongqing SPB gathered 16 internal relocation universities, and as the largest test center in Chongqing, the teahouses around Xiaolongkan to Chongqing University were all students preparing for exams. A bench, a cup of tea, the students sat in the teahouse all day, reading books and preparing for exams.

At night, they lay down on the bench with their clothes. It's summer, so you don't have to worry about catching a cold. The teahouse is very humane, only charges money for tea, and the benches are provided free of charge at night.

Beginning in 1938, Japan launched a large-scale bombing of Chongqing for more than five years. In order to cope with the bombing, the examination papers at that time were divided into two sets, A and B, "the first set was issued, and if the plane attacked, the candidates immediately went into the bomb shelter to take refuge." The alarm was lifted, and the exam continued with a different set of test papers. Due to the lack of air circulation in the cave, some female students who were in poor health fainted after taking the test. ”

Although the process was difficult, this time the national unified college entrance examination was still welcomed by candidates across the country at that time. The reason is simple, this type of examination is fairer than the independent admissions of universities. Compared with the imperial examination, which is examined in the Bagu Wen, it is more scientific.

In 1939, all universities across the country once again conducted a unified enrollment program.

At that time, there were two subjects in the unified examination: one was a written examination and the other was an oral examination. The oral examination is only open to those who take the teacher training college.

The written examination is divided into three groups: the first group is the departments of literature, law, business school, teacher education, history and geography, home economics, etc. The second group consists of the departments of the Faculty of Engineering, and the Faculty of Science, including the departments of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy, Meteorology, and Civil Engineering. The third group consists of the Faculty of Medicine, the Faculty of Agriculture and the Department of Normal History.

At that time, there were a total of eight examination subjects, but the three groups had seven examination subjects, and four of them were identical, namely civics, national language, English and national history. In addition, all three groups of mathematics are tested, but the difficulty is different. ”

Since the time of the exam was in the period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, there was also an additional condition: "This year's supervised test questions, due to traffic and time, will be divided into five routes...... In order to expeditiously, most of them departed by air, and the send-off specialist arrived at the end and was responsible for surveillance. In order to prevent air raids or leakage of test questions during examinations, each district may prepare a copy of the test questions for each subject in case of accidents.

There were a total of 20,000 and six candidates that year, the area was too wide, there were too many test papers, and the transportation was difficult, so the grading criteria were divided into "full pairs, half pairs, not three, or excellent, good, middle, lower, inferior five, etc., and explained the scores that should be obtained for each question, with a total score of 100 points. However, during the war, the national college entrance examination faced one of the biggest problems, that is, it could not find a safe examination room.

At that time, Nanjing, Shanghai, and BJ were all occupied by the Japanese army, and it was obviously impossible to set up a place for the exam. Wuchang, Changsha, Ji'an, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Kunming, Chongqing, Chengdu, Nanzheng, Fuzhou, and other only a dozen or so enrollment areas are facing the danger of indiscriminate bombing by the Japanese army.

In addition, candidates have traveled thousands of miles from their hometowns to these places to take the exam, and their personal safety cannot be guaranteed. So in 1941, the national unified college entrance examination was temporarily suspended. It was not until after 1949 that the unified college entrance examination was re-conducted in the mainland and Taiwan.