"The so-called geographical advantage refers to the geographical conditions such as the distance of the road, the danger and ease of the terrain, the breadth and narrowness of the territory, and the place of death or birth. The so-called generals are to examine whether the generals leading the troops are resourceful, honest and faithful, benevolent and loyal to their subordinates, brave and resolute, and strict in governing the army. The so-called legal system refers to the organization, discipline and laws of the armed forces, the distribution of powers and responsibilities of personnel, the management and education, and the control and use of weapons, equipment, and military supplies. For these five aspects, the generals cannot but have an in-depth understanding. Only those who truly understand and grasp these circumstances can achieve victory in the war. Therefore, it is necessary to make a comparative analysis from the following seven aspects, so as to explore the situation of victory and defeat of both the enemy and the enemy. That is, comparing which side of the enemy is politically honest, whose line and principles are correct, which side has handsome and talented generals, which side has the right time and place, which side has strict military discipline and strict implementation of laws and regulations, which side has relatively strong troops, which side has well-trained soldiers, and which side has good military management and clear rewards and punishments, I can predict who will win and who will lose according to these circumstances.

If the commander can listen to my plan, and use him to command the battle, he will surely win, and he will be left behind; If you do not obey my plan and use him to command the battle, you will surely fail, and you will resign him. We have followed the tactics that are conducive to defeating the enemy, and we have also created a situation that will serve as an external condition for assisting our military operations. The so-called favorable situation means that we can take flexible measures and actions in accordance with the situation that is favorable to us in order to maintain the strategic initiative.

Fighting a war with soldiers is the way to defeat the enemy by using deceit and trickery. Therefore, when you are able to fight well, you must pretend to be weak and powerless against the enemy; was originally going to use troops, but disguised as not preparing for war; Clearly wants to attack a target at a close distance, but gives the enemy the illusion of attacking a distant place; They were supposed to attack distant targets, but instead pretended to attack at close range. The enemy is greedy for profit, so he uses small profits to lure him into being deceived; When the enemy is in confusion, take the opportunity to attack him; When the enemy is strong, it is necessary to be cautious; When the enemy is strong, temporarily avoid its edge; The enemy's irritability can provoke his anger and make him lose his mind; The enemy's inferiority and prudence make him arrogant and lose his vigilance; If the enemy is well rested, try to harass him and make him tired; If the enemy is intimately united, he must try to divide him. Surprise attacks on weak points when the enemy is unprepared, and take action when the enemy is not expecting them. These are all clever tactics for military strategists to win with their soldiers, and they can only be used flexibly according to the situation, and cannot be prescribed or explained in advance.

Those who were expected to win in decision-making before the battle were because there were many favorable conditions; Before the operation, it was predicted that we would not be able to win in decision-making because there were few favorable conditions, and those with many favorable conditions could win, and those with few favorable conditions could not win. What's more, there are no favorable conditions? If we analyze both sides of the war on the basis of these, then the outcome of the victory or defeat is predictable. “

。。。。。。。

"The emperor detoured Ningyuan City and Jinzhou and attacked Beijing City by surprise, which was to achieve what the Art of War said, "Soldiers, treacherous ways." Therefore, it can be shown but cannot, used and shown not to use, near and shown far, far and near; Profit and temptation, chaos and take, real and prepared, strong and avoid, angry and scratch, humble and arrogant, hard work, kiss and leave. Attack it unprepared, take it by surprise. The victory of this soldier cannot be passed on first. ”

After explaining the first part, Ingley concluded.

"I want to hear about it". Huang Taiji's eyes lit up and said with great appreciation.

"The first surprise attack reached a month, although it was a long time, it was indeed a good job of confidential information, this is called a soldier, and the ghost road is also"

"The emperor sent troops to feint to attack Jinzhou City before the surprise attack, the so-called "near and show far, far and show near"

"Running thousands of kilometers long distance, directly hitting the city of Beijing, this so-called "attack is unprepared, unexpected." The victory of this soldier cannot be passed on first. ”。

The minister will help the emperor review this process again."

In the second year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, in October of the third year of Jin Tiancong, Emperor Taiji of Jin Guotiancong Khan personally led tens of thousands of troops, from Shenyang to the west to the Laoha River, tracing the river, and entering the Yanshan area in the north of Jizhen to the south. Then, with Duoyan as the guide, they easily passed through hundreds of kilometers of steep mountainous areas, divided into three roads in Laohe, and successively attacked three sub-passes at Xifengkou on the 27th of the same month, namely Longjing Pass, Da'ankou, and Hongshan Pass. In this way, it avoided the heavily fortified Shanhaiguan, Ningyuan (now Xingcheng) and Jinzhou defense lines of the Ming Dynasty, and attacked the important land of Jinggi in the Ming Dynasty in one fell swoop, which is known as the "change of Jisi" in history.

"On the second day of the first month of October, that is, the ugly day is engraved, pay tribute to the hall (sacrifice to the sky), and lead the troops to set off."

After some careful preparations, Huang Taiji decided to lead his troops to bypass the Guanningjin defense line and directly attack the hinterland of the Ming Dynasty in order to break the deadlock and get out of the predicament. The army set out from Shenyang, about 20,000 people, most of the relatives and nobles accompanied the expedition, and only Erbel Amin was ordered to stay.

"On the fourth day of the first month, to Duerbi, the Mongol Zalut Department of Seben, Santu and Hamagai led troops to meet the Khan."

On the fourth day of October, the Houjin army arrived in Duerbi. "Duerbi", that is, the high mountain Taishan of Wufeng Town, Zhangwu County, Fuxin City, Liaoning Province.

"High mountain platform, ten miles southwest of the city, this mountain is not connected with the mountain ranges, coiled for three miles, shaped like Wolong, there is an ancient platform on its south peak, because it is named."

The ancient platform above is actually a square pier built in the Ming Dynasty, which can reconnoiter the movement of more than ten miles around, and was once an important sentry post for the Ming army in Liaodong to guard against the Mongol invasion.

After the rise of the Later Jin, Nurhachi also attached great importance to the strategic position of the Durbi region. According to the record of Emperor Gao of the Qing Dynasty, Nurhachi decided to move the capital from Liaoyang to Shenyang, saying: "Shenyang is a place that extends in all directions, and the west conquers the Ming Dynasty, crossing the Liao River from Duerbi, and the road is straight and near; The northern expedition to Mongolia can be reached in two or three days; The southern expedition to Korea can be entered from the Qinghe Road; Shenyang Hunhe River leads to Susu River (Suzi River), logging at the source of Susu River, down the river, timber can not be used, traveling and hunting, there are many beasts near the mountain, and the benefits of the river can also be collected. ”

Taizu Zhengming, the army must enter the border from Duerbi, that is, the land", "Cover my dynasty before entering the customs, and take this as the key to the whole Liao." "Compare Duerbi to the land of Liaodong locks.

In fact, it is also the case, not only Nurhachi, but Huang Taiji has repeatedly attacked the Ming Dynasty and Mongolia, and he has also taken the Duerbi road. According to historical records, from the first year of Tiancong to the eighth year of Chongde (1627-1643), the Later Jin Army (Qing Army) passed through the Duerbi place more than 10 times. In view of the importance of the place, Huang Taiji specially built the city of Duerbi in the second year of Chongde. In order to smooth the road from Shengjing (i.e., Shenyang) to the Duerbi place, a large road with drainage ditches was also built. According to records, "the restoration of Shengjing to Liaohe Road." The road is ten zhang wide, three feet high, and the trench is sandwiched". It can be called an ancient highway.

However, in the three years of Tiancong, the city and roads have not been repaired. The Houjin army could only camp near Gaoshan Taishan. At that time, the area was very suitable for grazing. Historically, the Qing Dynasty built a ranch near Gaoshan Taishan, namely the Suluk Royal Ranch. Although there is no pasture at this time, there is no problem with free-range horses.

In the Durbi area, the Houjin army joined the first Mongol army to participate in the war, led by Taiji Seben, Santu, and Hamagai of the Zarut Division.

"On the fifth day of the first month, stay in the herd river."

"On that day, the Mongol Zhubeile, such as Humbatulu of the Naiman Division, Ula Humbaturu of the Ao Han Division, Neiqi Khan of the Zalut Division, and Dai Qing, the son of Kubiertu, each led their troops to the meeting. The Mongol Zhubeile led the troops to the banquet. ”

Yangxi Mu River is the Liuhe River, Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasty was called Yang Gu River, Ming and Qing dynasties changed its name to Yang Tamu River, Yang Shimu River, Yangxi Mu River, Yangxi Mu River, is a tributary of the right bank of the Liao River.

In later generations, the Liuhe River flowed between Zhangwu County and Gaoshantai. However, at that time, the Yangximu River had not been diverted, and the river was still a little further east. This old river channel is still there, and many maps still mark it as Yangximu River to distinguish it from the Liuhe River.

The Houjin Army's "stationed in Yangximu River" should be about 50 kilometers northwest of Duerbi, that is, the bend of the upper reaches of Yangximu River, that is, between Jiutougou, Yingwo Mountain, and Daxiaoqinggou, which is now a famous scenic spot. This area is a place where rivers converge, making it easy to raise war horses. Huang Taiji rested here for two days and joined up with the troops of Naiman, Ao Han, Zalut, and Bahrain.

"On the sixth day of the first month, the Mongolian Bahrain Department Belesettel Seleng led troops to the meeting. Because their horses were so thin, Khan rebuked them and said, 'I have commanded you not to gallop when they are good at raising horses, so that they are strong, for the purpose of requisition.' However, if you disobey the edict, you will use it for hunting, so that the horses will be barren, and the soldiers will be few, what kind of system will it become? He came to the court and brought in all the dry grain. ”

Belle and Taiji were actually interconnected, and they were both minor chiefs of the tribes. The Jurchens are generally called Beile, and the Mongols are called Taiji. This version of the "Old Manchu Files" has been translated backwards, and in order to respect the original text, it will not be modified, and it is hereby explained.

The Bahrain Ministry was probably a little resistant to Houjin, and the horses with them were very thin, and they were severely reprimanded by Huang Taiji. I don't even want the dry food from the Bahrain Ministry to pay tribute, so I don't want it!

"On the ninth day of the first month, stationed in Narita."

"On that day, five fugitives rode back from Chahar."

Narit, the name of the river, the Qing Dynasty called the upper reaches of the Aohan Banner of the Jiaolai River as the Narit River. During the Xianfeng period, the "Liaohe Waterway Map" marked "Nalat River", which belongs to the same name and different writings. The Jiaolai River originates from Laoliang at the northern foot of Nuruer Tiger Mountain in Jinchanggouliang Town, Aohan Banner, Chifeng City, traverses the three borders of Aohan Banner, Naiman Banner and Tongliao City in Chifeng City, and flows into the Xiliao River, flowing from southwest to northeast, forming a diagonal line on the map.

"Stationed in Narita" indicates that the Houjin army has been marching in the northwest direction, and after reaching the Narit River, it continued to march for two days to reach the Laoha River, a tributary of the Liao River.

Personally, it is inferred that the garrison of the Houjin army should be the area north of Huanghua Tara Town. It is just 100 kilometers from Beidagou, and the town of Huanghua Tara is just located at the junction of sand and grassland, and its north is the alluvial plain of the Narit River (Jiaolai River), which is suitable for the garrison of large armies.

On this day, five more Mongols fled from Chahar to Shun. At this time, the main force of the Chahar Department had moved westward, and fought several fierce battles with the Mongolian right wing led by Tumut, and both sides were defeated, and a few years later they were wiped out by Huang Taiji.

"On the 11th, I heard that the Mongols fled from Chahar into the Ming Land. He ordered the commander-in-chief of the army, Unag, and the adjutant general, Suna, to lead 400 men to chase after him, and obtained 100 people, including 80 horses, 76 camels, 127 cattle, and 10 sheep. ”