Jia pardon, name pardon, word Enhou. Forgiveness, the meaning of forgiveness, is to open grace, "Enhou" uses the allusion of "Enzehou". The title is not because of meritorious service, but because of the emperor's favor, this kind of title is called "Marquis of Enze", which is very different from the real meritorious marquis. Jia Yu has not made any meritorious deeds, and his first-class general is completely the result of the emperor's favor, and he is a typical "grace marquis".

Jia Zheng, Ming Zheng, the word is Zhou. Politics, from the meaning of the political country, "Cun Zhou" uses the allusion in the "Analects", "Zi said: 'Zhou Jian is in the second generation, and he is depressed! I'm from Zhou. It means that the etiquette system of the Zhou Dynasty was customized with reference to the Xia Dynasty and the Shang Dynasty, which was relatively complete, and Confucius advocated the use of Zhou etiquette to govern the country.

Confucius had an in-depth study of the etiquette system of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and in his view, the change of dynasties did not affect the inheritance of the ritual system, and the Zhou rites were formed on the basis of the Xia and Shang ritual systems. Of course, the Zhou rite is not a simple inheritance of the Xia and Shang rites, but a supplement and development. That is to say, the Zhou Dynasty drew on the achievements of more than 1,000 years of civilization in the Xia and Shang dynasties, and through reform and innovation, it created its own ideas of governing the country and formed a relatively complete system of etiquette and law. Whether in form or content, the Zhou rites were much more perfect than those of the previous dynasties, which is why Confucius praised the Zhou rites.

The ritual system is the core content of the governance of all dynasties after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and it is a correct and scientific attitude to inherit and develop the traditional way of governing the country. For a long period of time, there have been two erroneous approaches to traditional statecraft:

The first is complete inheritance, emphasizing that the laws of the ancestors are immutable, and many dynasties in history have such provisions, and the traditional system and ritual laws are not allowed to be doubted, let alone changed. Among them, the most typical is the Qing Dynasty, at the life-and-death juncture of the national crisis, many high-ranking officials and dignitaries clinged to this concept and missed the best opportunity for reform.

The second is to completely overthrow the old culture and tear it all down and start over. It mainly appears in modern China. Stimulated by the crisis of the collapse of the country and the species, some people at that time believed that China's traditional statecraft was worthless. As a result, starting with the overthrow of the Confucian family, a trend of thought was set off to completely negate and overthrow tradition, completely ignoring the social reality of China's large population, large ethnic groups, backward education, and backward economy.

The ideology and cultural form of governing a country or nation are all formed through the accumulation of history and have certain historical limitations. We cannot accept it in its entirety, nor can we reject it in its entirety, but we should inherit and reform it scientifically and critically.

The cultural ritual system of the Shang Dynasty originated from the Xia Dynasty, while the cultural ritual system of the Zhou Dynasty originated from the Shang Dynasty. Confucius said "I follow the Zhou", which means that he adopted the Zhou rites for the government and implemented the rule of culture, and he understood that the Zhou rites were reformed and innovated on the basis of the previous two generations, but Jia Zheng did not understand.

The author of "Dream of Red Mansions" named the characters, breaking the writing style of "good people are good until the end, and bad people are bad until the end of the play". The name of the girl highlights that "the daughter is made of water", and praises it as the main thing. The name of the man highlights that "men are made of mud", which is mainly sarcastic.

Jia Amnesty, the word Enhou. However, he did not have the slightest forgiveness or grace for others, and he could not be forgiven in the end. Jia Zheng, the word "save Zhou", he wants to govern the country with Zhou rites like the Confucian sage, but he emphasizes that he wants to "save" Zhou, and the law of the ancestors is immutable, which is empiricism and dogmatism, doing nothing, not daring to innovate, and mixing in officialdom can do nothing

In order to ensure the fairness and impartiality of the scientific examination, and prevent the candidates from cheating and the corruption of the examiners, according to the "Great Qing Dynasty Laws", once discovered, the criminal should be displayed on the street for three months, and then sent to the border areas to fill the army. If the criminal carries more than 100 catties of shackles, the whole shackle made of wooden planks is very large, unable to stand, too heavy, too squatting, too long, let alone lying down, heavy shackles, the criminal will not live for a few days.

Emperor Shunzhi killed several people in one go, and since he was severely punished, he felt that he should investigate to the end and use the lesson of blood to prevent this kind of incident from happening, so he ordered the Ministry of Rites to recruit those who were raised in the Shuntianfu Township Examination back to Beijing for a re-examination, and they were not allowed to be absent. The time and questions of the re-examination are all determined by the emperor. After the New Year, on the 17th day of the first month, a re-examination was held in Yingtai, Zhongnanhai. On April 23, Emperor Shunzhi personally interrogated in Taihemen, and after reprimanding the 25 people who should have been executed a few days ago, they each beat 40 boards, exiled Shangyang Fort, and were able to go to Tieling Ivory Mountain for permanent tourism, which was already regarded as an extrajudicial grace. Emperor Shunzhi also released cruel words, saying that from now on, the examiners and candidates will give me honesty, and if there are similar incidents, see how I clean you up!

Just over half a year later, there was a major case of the Nanfu Imperial Examination. After the "Nanfu" was released, there were 120 people in the middle of the lift, many of whom were Jiangnan celebrities, but many of them were obtained by bribing the examiners. Half a year ago, the criminals in the "Beiqiu" imperial examination case were severely punished, which greatly encouraged the students in Jiangnan and caused a "mass incident." When the results were announced, some candidates who failed the list stopped the examiner and scolded them angrily. The students who failed to make the list were furious and gathered in front of the Jiangnan Gongyuan to shout grievances. Someone also posted a "big-character poster" on the door: "Kong Fang tried to join the god of money, and the question was first divided into rich and poor (alluding to the examination of the official You and Qian Kaizong), and one person rewrote the two big characters of "Gongyuan" as "sold out" (sold out). The word "tribute" added a "four" in the middle, which was rewritten as "賣" (the traditional character of the word for sale); The word "courtyard" is pasted with paper, and "阝" becomes the word "finish". The Tribute Academy, which satirically selects talents, has turned out to be a shop stall for money transactions. When the two examiners returned from the examination, the boat passed through Changzhou and Suzhou, and a large number of scholars chased the boat and cursed, and even threw bricks and tiles at the boat.

This was reported to the emperor by the supervision officials, and he participated in the Jiangnan Township trial fraud and the "Beifu" Township Examination case, and Emperor Shunzhi's anger did not subside, and now he heard the news again, which added fuel to the fire. In this Ding You Jiangnan Township Examination, the examiner was Fang You, a waiter of the Hanlin Academy, who accompanied the emperor or the prince to study, and was the emperor's adviser. The deputy examiner is the Hanlin Academy to review Qian Kaizong. When Fang You went to Jiangnan to take the main exam, Shunzhi personally instructed him to select talents for the country and take strict exams, and now that such a thing has happened, it is extremely hateful. Shunzhi ordered all the examiners who presided over the "Nanqiu" imperial examination to be tied up and escorted to the capital.

Soon there was a legend in the Jiangning bookstore, called "The Story of Ten Thousand Gold", which used the square word to go to one point as ten thousand, and the word money to the side as gold, alluding to Fang and Qian Er's main exams, describing the ugliness of "ten thousand" and "gold" two main exams secretly connecting joints and accepting bribes. The famous opera artist You Tong wrote another script "Jun Tianle", which bitterly ridiculed the examiner Hu Tu (confused), suppressed the student Shen Bai, who was really talented and learned, and named Jia Siwen (fake Siwen), Cheng Buzheng (Cheng Buzheng) and Wei Wuzhi (ghost ignorance) who did not learn and did not know how to learn. The script of "Jun Tianle" has been circulated to Beijing, and it has caused a storm in the city, and Emperor Shunzhi has added anger.

After the New Year, the re-examination was held in Yingtai, Zhongnanhai, and all the lifters in the "Nanqiu" imperial examination participated in the examination, and they were not allowed to be absent, this time each lifter was wearing shackles, and the officers and soldiers of the guard barracks were monitored with knives, and they were heavily guarded, not like the examination room like the execution ground! Students in the south have relatively thin clothes, in the first month, Beijing is cold, answering exam papers in the cold wind, and there are soldiers holding knives next to them, and some people are cold, afraid, and nervous and shivering and can't write. As a result, only Wu Keming was excellent in the three tests, ranked first in the text, and took a solution to the test. More than 70 people have been allowed to take part in the next examination in three years, and more than 10 people have been exempted from their status as lifters and suspended from taking scientific examinations, that is, they will not be allowed to apply for civil service examinations for several years, and more than 20 people have been exempted from their status as lifters and stopped taking scientific examinations, that is, they will not be allowed to apply for civil service examinations for life.

From the arrest of the examiner of the "Nanqiu" imperial examination to the final conclusion of the case on November 28, the trial took a long time, and Shunzhi issued an edict to the Criminal Department: Fang You and Qian Kaizong were decided, and the wife's property registration was not entered into the official, and after the house was raided, the wife, children, and concubines were all demoted to official slaves. The rest of Ye Chuhuai and other "Nanfu" examiners were all 18 (one of whom had died of illness) was immediately hanged, and his wife's property was confiscated into the official. The hanging is better, and the whole corpse is obtained, and the beheading is the death without the whole corpse. Fang Zhangyue and other eight people cheated on the new people, each played 40 big boards, the family property was not in the official, the parents and wife were exiled to Ningguta, which is now a little south of Mudanjiang City in Northeast China, and now life is good, you go to the Snow Township Forest Park to travel, see thousands of miles of ice, live in a farmhouse fire kang, eat Wuchang rice and mountain delicacies, and also comment on "I Read Dream of Red Mansions". In the past, it was a bitter cold place, where capital sins could be avoided, living sins could not be escaped, and people were allowed to live and suffer sins.

In this imperial examination case, there was also an episode, the famous Jiangnan celebrity Wu Zhaoqian handed in a blank scroll. Usually, everyone thinks that his articles are "amazingly talented", but this time the emperor tried it himself, and he handed in a blank paper, and public opinion was in an uproar. Some people say that he was frightened, cold, and afraid, and so frightened that he forgot to write a pen. Some people also say that he is arrogant and arrogant, deliberately showing off, trying to attract the emperor's attention.

In fact, it was Wu Zhaoqian who saw that the examination room was like an execution ground at that time, insulting Sven, and he was full of emotion, threw the pen away, and said: "Will I, Wu Zhaoqian, pay bribes because of the exam?" The tone and attitude are very high, putting on a posture of "this official is not appropriate". This angered Emperor Shunzhi, and you don't want to give you the opportunity to retest, do you think you can be famous? Look down on the imperial examination as an official, and send you to Ningguta to be a soldier! When Wu Zhaoqian was leaving, his friends Gu Zhenguan, Wu Meicun, Xu Qianxue and others in Beijing came to see him off, and Wu Meicun also wrote a long poem "Sad Song for Wu Jizi" to send him on the road. Gu Zhenguan is a descendant of Gu Xiancheng, the founder of Donglin Academy, and this Wu Meicun has been verified by some researchers as the original creator of "A Dream of Red Mansions", and Cao Xueqin is a later processing and organizer.

Exiled for more than 20 years, Wu Zhaoqian's poetry flourished, wrote many sad and generous poems and tear-jerking letters, Gu Zhenguan coincidentally entered the family of the powerful minister Nalan Mingzhu as a tutor, and became friends with Nalan Rongruo, the eldest son of Mingzhu, who was the first poet of the Qing Dynasty. In the cultural circle, Nalan is much more famous than his father, "If life is only as it is first seen, what is the autumn wind and sad fan." "One generation and one couple in a lifetime, fighting for two ecstasies." "Who reads the west wind and is cool alone? Xiao Xiao Huang Ye closed the window. Contemplating the past and setting up the remnant sun. was shocked by the wine, and the gambling books were consumed with the fragrance of tea. At that time, it was just ordinary. "A trip to the mountain, a trip to the water, and a trip to the side of Yuguan." A thousand tent lights in the middle of the night. The wind is more, the snow is more, and the dream of the broken hometown cannot be realized. There was no such sound in the old garden. "There are too many familiar Nalan words! Nalan Xingde learned about the great poet Wu Zhaoqian through Gu Zhenguan, and he was sorry for the literati, and the literati loved the literati, so he asked his father to intercede with Emperor Kangxi, and spent money to redeem Wu Zhaoqian.

In addition to Jiangnan and Beijing, Henan, Shandong, and Shanxi were implicated. The officials who were not examiners, such as Shang Shu and Shilang of the Criminal Department who tried the case, were also severely punished. The wide range of involvement, the number of people involved, and the great shock to the whole country are rare in the more than 200-year history of the Qing Dynasty.

So I think it's a response to the sentence in the text, "So one after another, five after another, burned a street like a mountain of flames." The criticism said: "Write the real disease of Nanzhi's summoning disaster." "If there is really a historical event, it should be the case of Ding Younan's imperial examination. From the Beijing case to the Jiangnan incident, the successive occurrence of scientific examination cases can be described as "one after another"; examiners were executed, their homes were raided, their relatives were sent into slavery, people in the new imperial examinations were removed from their fame, their homes were confiscated, and their entire families were exiled, famous literati were innocently implicated, and judges hearing cases were also trapped. "The real disease of Nanzhi summoning trouble" is fully embodied in the "Ding Youke Case".

[Text: He was originally from this place, and he lived in the post-revolutionary home, and now he inquired about the letter of the old man, so he went around looking for love and finding a way, and suddenly met Yucun, so he was busy saying goodbye. When the two met, Zhang Rugui told Yucun the letter, and Yucun was happy, and hurriedly said a few sentences, and then said goodbye and went home. When Leng Zixing heard this, he hurriedly offered a plan, making Yucun Yang annoy Lin Ruhai, and turn to Duzhong to annoy Jia Zheng. 】

(End of chapter)