"Little official, the pursuit of nature is wealth."

Although Zhu Di didn't want to admit it in his heart, he had to admit that according to the current model of separation of officials in the Ming Dynasty, the junior officials really have no room for promotion.

The only room left for the promotion of the little officials is also that of the Beijing Division, because only the Beijing Division has a yamen of one to three grades, and there is no one at the local level.

Since there is no room for promotion, the officials can only make money frantically.

But as soon as he thought of this, Zhu Di felt that the officials were not making money, but using soft knives to rip his flesh little by little!

My money! My money!

But what can Zhu Di do?

Nine Clans Elimination?

Obviously, it's not easy to use, not to mention the nine clans, even the ten clans, or the more ruthless three clans (referring to the father's clan, the mother's clan, and the wife's clan, and even the wider range) is not easy to make.

Because killing people alone can only be happy for a while, and the fundamental problem cannot be solved.

Of course, it's also very cool for a while.

But back to the point, Zhu Di couldn't think of any good solution for a while anyway.

Increase the number of petty officials?

Even less desirable.

If you increase the income for the junior officials, should you increase the income for all the officials? If everyone increases, will Daming's finances be able to bear it?

Besides, even if the Ming Dynasty's finances can bear it, and the officials and officials have increased their income, then can you guarantee that the officials and officials of the Ming Dynasty are not greedy?

Impossible!

Because people's hearts are not enough, Zhu Di listened to Jiang Xinghuo talk about the theory of "health care factors and incentive factors" as early as the first class.

Jia Yulu, at the beginning, it was naturally the emperor's grace, everyone knelt down to thank God, maybe their hearts will be really inspired, and then work hard and be honest for a while, maybe a month, maybe half a year, all by conscience, who is sure?

But then, with the timely distribution of the monthly salary, the officials and officials will soon take this newly increased income as their own right, and then return to the previous state of laziness.

As for assessing the officials like the vassal royal clan?

Zhu Di thought that it was still not feasible, because the vassal king did not have local financial power, and had to rely on the imperial court to support him, and the main income of the clan came from the financial allocation of the imperial court to the clan.

But the little officials are different, even if the little officials don't want the meager money, they can still use the power in their hands to knock the bones and suck the marrow of the people.

Therefore, the result of the assessment of the small officials is likely to be that the local officials are collectively rotten, and their performance is a mess, but people should be greedy as well, because first, if all the rotten officials cannot be cleaned out, then no one will work; The second is the root cause of the problem just mentioned, local officials have no channels for promotion, and there are two things to get promoted to get rich, since people can't be promoted, they can only think about getting rich.

"I have a friend."

Originally, Zheng He wanted to ask Jiang Xinghuo if this friend was himself, but Jiang Xinghuo then broke his mind.

Jiang Xinghuo opened his mouth and said, "His name is Huang Zongxi." ”

Huang Zongxi is still two hundred years away from his birth, so naturally there is no such person, but Jiang Xinghuo said this out of respect for his person, and he didn't want to directly transfer the name of other people's laws to himself, so he casually remarked.

"He put forward a very interesting law, which I will call Huang Zongxi's law, which is about how the low-level officials who pursue wealth in the management process of the feudal state make the policy out of shape, and how to let the management of the feudal state get out of control from the bottom up."

"The content of the law is that the tax and fee reform in the history of the feudal state has been more than once, but after each tax and fee reform, due to the limitations of the social and political environment of the feudal country at that time, the burden of the peasants in the feudal state has fallen for a period of time and then rises to a higher level than before the tax and fee reform, which is the so-called accumulation of irreversible harm."

After that, Jiang Xinghuo picked up another thick branch and made a gesture on the ground.

Actual burden after tax reform = actual burden before the first tax reform + (number of tax reforms * average amount of horizontal levy)

"Can you read it?"

Zhu Di's face was obviously darkened, he used to listen to the lectures through the wall, so he didn't feel intuitively in the face of the understanding of these strange formulas.

But to Zhu Di's surprise, his stupid son nodded seriously after chanting a few times.

"I can read it." Zhu Gaoxu said with certainty.

In fact, formulas, as long as you are familiar with Jiang Xinghuo's expression, it is still easy to understand, and the reason why Zhu Di is difficult to understand is because he is not familiar with it, so at first glance, it looks like reading a book from heaven, which does not mean that Zhu Di is stupid.

But his stupid son's confident performance made Zhu Di unable to fix it.

"Can you read it? Explain the explanation? ”

Zhu Gaoxu said proudly: "This means that before the first tax reform, for example, before the first tax reform, a peasant only paid one stone of grain to pay taxes, but once it was changed, the burden of expropriation and extortion was added by one stone, and if it was changed several times, it was the number of stones added to one stone and several times. ”

"Why is there a change and an addition?"

Zheng He suddenly asked, this is because he has not listened to many lectures in the first place, and the content about tax reform happened to be what he talked about before he was imprisoned, so he didn't hear it.

"Mr. Jiang talked about tax reform before."

Zhu Gaoxu paused and said: "At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the tax system was established, and if there is land, there is rent, if there is a household, there is a tune, and if there is a body, there is a mediocre and mediocre. ”

"I know." Zhu Di bowed slightly.

"But Yang Yan changed the two tax laws, there are no people, and the difference between the rich and the poor is different, although the rent modulation is gone, but in fact, the mediocre tone is incorporated into the rent, yes or no?" Zhu Gaoxu continued to ask.

"Yes." Zheng He replied.

"Later. Hey? Zhu Gaoxu scratched his beard, and then remembered that he seemed to ignore an important issue, the two-tax and three-point system is not to increase taxes, but to change the distribution of taxes.

As for the back, Mr. Jiang doesn't seem to have talked about it.

Jiang Xinghuo took over with a smile: "Later, when the Song Dynasty came, it did not reduce the Yong Tune from the rent of the two tax laws, but started to collect Ding Shen rice money again. ”

The Song people commented: two taxes, rent; Ding body, mediocre tune also. How do you know that it is a gift for re-emergence? So that the name of mediocrity does not go, how can it be! Therefore, Yang Yan's benefits are few for a while, and those who are harmful to future generations are great. ”

Jiang Xinghuo teased: "This principle is the same when applied to our little story, you might as well imagine it, for example, if Huang Wulang was beheaded and displayed in Yacheng, and Yacheng recruited the deputy envoy to take the position, what would he do in the face of the surging people of Yacheng?" It must be a series of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, including 'hemp salary'. ”

"It's nature." Zhu Di responded.

"This involves a variable in the 'Huang Zongxi's law' just mentioned, that is, the so-called 'horizontal levy average', this horizontal levy average is relatively difficult to measure, and can only be averaged after several times of actual increase in the burden after the tax reform, of course, the important thing is not the average, but the 'horizontal levy average' itself, purely from a mathematical point of view, is a figure that far exceeds the amount of tax receivable."

Zhu Di's eyes lit up, and he almost instantly grasped the essence of the problem, which was also the problem that bothered him before.

"Mr. Jiang is saying that the little officials will do it?"

Jiang Xinghuo nodded and said: "For ordinary people, the increase in the average amount of horizontal levies is not the most terrible, the most terrible thing is that every time the average amount of horizontal levies increases, the local officials will spread the average amount of horizontal levies on the heads of ordinary people. ”

——————

"How to fix it? The channels for promotion to officials can still be talked about, but now the little officials have been allowed to participate in the imperial examination. How can we broaden the channels for promotion and solve the problem that local officials can only seek wealth if they fail to seek official positions, and then exploit the local people? ”

Zhu Gaochi frowned deeply, falling into the same trouble as his father just now.

There is a misunderstanding that was widely spread in Jiang Xinghuo's previous life, that is, just as many people think that small officials cannot be promoted to officials, many people think that small officials cannot participate in the imperial examination.

Even many scholars and writers, without detailed research, will spread like this.

But it is worth mentioning that just as a small official cannot be promoted to an official, but can only be promoted to an official by a small official in the yamen of the first to third rank, it is also not that a small official cannot participate in the imperial examination.

This misunderstanding comes from an edict written by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang in the fourth year of Hongwu, and the edict in July of the fourth year of Hongwu said: Only the officials have broken their mental skills and are not allowed to take the exam.

-- that is, a complete ban on officials from entering the examination.

But this policy, there is its precedent special historical era background, that is, the Yuan Dynasty officials have a very high status, and can participate in the imperial examination, and the Ming Dynasty in the early days of the founding of the country, the world has not yet been unified, the war is still ongoing, in order to facilitate the smooth transition of the regime, more inheritance of the old system of the Yuan Dynasty, so in the Hongwu three years of August when the first imperial examination was opened in accordance with the practice to allow officials to enter the examination, the conditions for admission to the examination are in service, no offense, and have practiced the industry.

Why did Zhu Yuanzhang turn his face in just one year?

That is because in the early days of the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the ability to control local administration was weak, and almost all relied on the local administrative system inherited from the Yuan Dynasty, and the imperial examination was the same, which led to the corruption of the local officials whose interests were intertwined in the local area, and they turned over to become officials, which caused Zhu Yuanzhang to be displeased, and removed a group of small officials who became officials through the imperial examination in the three years of Hongwu, and gradually completed the control of the local administrative system by the Ming Dynasty through more than ten years.

After the completion of this rectification process, Zhu Yuanzhang announced that he would once again allow the officials to participate in the imperial examination, and at this time, the Ming Dynasty's control over the local administrative system has also been greatly enhanced.

When Zhu Yuanzhang resumed the imperial examination in March of the 17th year of Hongwu, the regulations on the entry of officials to the examination were "dismissal of idle officials and officials are not allowed to enter the examination", that is, the small officials who had been rectified in the past could not participate in the imperial examination, and other restrictions were no longer restricted.

In terms of promotion, junior officials can become officials and participate in the imperial examination.

In terms of making a fortune, you can't add money to the officials, and if you do, it's doomed to be useless.

Everything that can be done has been done, what else can be done for these little officials who don't get oil and salt?

Zhu Gaochi's gaze could only be cast on the eavesdropping amplification wall covered with tiny cracks.

(End of chapter)