On the tree with a new crooked neck, crows flew by.

"Ga ~ Ga ~ Ga ~ "

Looking at the silent three, Jiang Xinghuo spoke.

"Obviously, you should all realize that the root of the problem in the first part of "State Management", the management of the feudal state, lies in the people who actually implement the management of the feudal state, that is, the petty official class."

"As we said before, because there is no way for the small officials to rise, they can only seek wealth, and every time the average amount of horizontal levy increases, the local officials will spread the average amount of horizontal levy to ordinary people, which is how they seek wealth."

"But can we stop doing tax reform because of this? In other words, in the face of surging public opinion, can the new Yacheng envoy continue to collect a series of harsh taxes including 'hemp salary'? ”

The answer to Jiang Xinghuo's question is obvious.

Zhu Gaoxu shook his head and said, "I don't think I can't, the situation is compelling, and I can't change it." ”

"That's it." Jiang Xinghuo said, "The management of feudal countries, especially the tax management of feudal countries, has always had the characteristics of 'light open taxes, heavy hidden taxes, and bottomless pit of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes'. ”

"In addition to the regular taxes stipulated in the laws of the feudal state, there are also various miscellaneous taxes under clever names, which not only increase the burden of the common people, but also provide a reason for the arbitrary expropriation and extortion of officials at all levels, which will inevitably intensify the contradictions over time. Therefore, just like the new Yacheng envoy must combine a series of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, including 'hemp salary', all dynasties and dynasties will also engage in a consolidated tax system, and the result is that, like Huang Zongxi's law, the more times you merge, the heavier the burden on the people. ”

"Then according to Mr. Jiang's opinion, how to solve it?" Zhu Gaoxu asked after thinking about it.

Jiang Xinghuo said with great confidence: "The root of all problems is in the rule of officials, and the root of government is the same as the meaning of the word 'rule of officials'. ”

"But now the problem of the small officials, after the management of the feudal state in the past dynasties, the structure of the stacked bed frame house can no longer be moved lightly."

This is very simple, just like there is a wise saying in the code farming world: "If the code can run if there is a bug, then please don't modify it".

Because the layers of bug code are stacked up, it has long been involved in the whole body, and as long as it moves, the whole system will collapse immediately.

It's the same when it comes to the issue of governance.

Jiang Xinghuo's words shocked everyone, because Jiang Xinghuo began to list numbers for them.

"In order to ensure the smooth operation of the management of the feudal state, the feudal dynasty must achieve the upper and lower phase system, and in the Han Dynasty, the total number of officials was about 7,000 people; By the time of the Tang Dynasty, there were probably more than 17,000 people; By the time of the Northern Song Dynasty, which was known for its 'redundant officials', it had doubled to about 34,000 people, and today, there are more than 40,000 people. ”

Hearing this, even though it was the second time he heard it (the first time was in the tax police corps), Zhu Di still shivered slightly.

His Majesty the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty has never compared the number of officials under his rule with the previous dynasties, so that it is only now that he is surprised to find that the total number of officials in the Ming Dynasty has exceeded the iron-blooded Great Song Dynasty, which is the most criticized in the number of officials.

And Jiang Xinghuo's heart-piercing argument continues.

Every sentence seems to be rooted in Zhu Di's heart.

"Although it is possible to achieve results in a short period of time by combining regular taxes and miscellaneous taxes, fundamentally speaking, it cannot solve the problem of excessive tax burdens on ordinary people, because the ability of officials to levy new taxes is not limited in the system."

"With the historical process year after year, the feudal country will always face the dilemma of lack of money, and I have talked about this problem when I talked about 'making a big watermelon' and 'tax police corps' before, and the feudal country has no way to expand financial resources such as commerce and trade (the iron-blooded Song Dynasty is an exception), so it will inevitably shift its attention to the ordinary people."

"Then according to Huang Zongxi's law, there will be new harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and the burden on ordinary people will become bigger and bigger, that is to say, they will fall into an almost infinite vicious circle, and the petty officials will work in this vicious circle."

"Why, exactly, at the root of it?" Zhu Gaoxu asked suspiciously.

Jiang Xinghuo replied: "Because the feudal state lacks an effective restraint on the civil and petty official class, the imperial power is the only force that can compete with it. But the problem is that even if the imperial power and the eunuchs, nobles, relatives, and clans attached to the imperial power are tied together, they still cannot be called a large existence compared with the civil and petty official classes distributed throughout the country. ”

Zhu Di thought for a long time and suddenly asked.

"Is it useful to increase the number of inspectors for petty officials?"

——————

"Does it work?"

Zhu Gaochi pondered for a moment, shook his head and said: "Although the supervision agency is increased, this can allow the supervision agency and the petty official class to contain each other. Otherwise, every time I meet those slippery little officials who don't leave their hands, I always feel like they are disgusting people like flies! It's not easy to shoot, and it's still dirty when it's photographed. ”

"However, I'm afraid it's still a symptom rather than a cure!"

"Hmmm......"

Xia Yuanji frowned, and also fell into a deep groan, and said after a while: "Although the supervision agency can make His Majesty's control over the local officials below more deterrent, this control is not perfect, after all, the supervision agency is also composed of people, and the prerequisite for effective supervision is that the supervision agency must also strictly follow His Majesty's orders, otherwise it will also be ineffective." If the supervisory body fails to do this, in this way, it will form a greater burden, and the imperial court will be equivalent to raising more people for nothing. ”

Dao Yan smiled and said: "So, the supervision agency is a double-edged sword, but this double-edged sword, the probability of hurting yourself in your hand is always greater." ”

After a pause, Zhu Gaochi looked at Dao Yan: "Master might as well continue to talk about it?" ”

Dao Yan said: "The old man thinks that what Xia Shangshu said is very right, but there is another important question, how to ensure that the supervision agency can strictly implement His Majesty's orders?" Is it necessary to get a supervisory body to supervise and supervise the body? ”

As soon as these words came out, Zhu Gaochi couldn't help but widen his eyes.

Well, the infinite nesting dolls are endless.

——————

"Of course, increasing the supervision body is a conventional solution, not to mention whether it is useful for small officials, in fact, it can be clearly seen from history whether the increase in supervision institutions is useful for officials? Knowing this, it is self-evident whether it is useful to the little officials. ”

Jiang Xinghuo simply gave Captain Yan an example of the iron-blooded Great Song Dynasty.

Just as the brutal and unkind Yuan Dynasty had merits in foreign exchanges and trade, as well as astronomical and mathematical achievements, even if the garbage was to the point of "being submissive to the outside world and paying tribute, and attacking and persecuting good generals internally", there is still some merit in some specific aspects.

For example, the surveillance system.

"Supervisory bodies, with Song as the most."

Jiang Xinghuo said slowly: "Regarding the conditions for the candidates of the Song Dynasty Supervision Agency, nine-tenths of the Song Dynasty Taiwan counselors (imperial history) were born as Jinshi, even if they were not from Jinshi, they had to be 'specially given the same Jinshi background' to be able to be Taiwan officials. At the same time, the Song Dynasty strictly forbade the second generation of officials to be Taiwanese officials, and they must have grassroots work experience, which means that they must have at least a resume in charge of a county. ”

"In the Song Dynasty, the performance of the supervision agency stipulated that the imperial history must be played once a month, called the 'monthly lesson', and the scope of supervision ranged from the prime minister to the hundred officials, and the three provinces to the hundred divisions, all of which could be impeached if they were guilty. And if the imperial history does not make any corrections in the tenth decade of his tenure, he will be punished by humiliation. ”

"The Song Dynasty Supervision Agency's out-of-town supervision, the Southern Song Dynasty's "Chunxi Article Legal Affairs" has clearly recorded that whether it is a Taiwan official or an inspection official, the place through which he passes is not normal business, and he is not allowed to live for more than three days, let alone have any non-official interactions with local officials. At the same time, if the inspection has an interest in the person and his relatives, he must recuse himself/herself. ”

Jiang Xinghuo finally asked: "Then what do you think of the actual effect of such a strict and detailed supervision system in the Song Dynasty on officials?" ”

"Yes, it works." Zheng He said hesitantly.

"I think" Zhu Gaoxu ruthlessly poured a basin of cold water, "If it is useful, the Southern Song Dynasty will not have three traitorous ministers, Han Yanxuan, Shi Miyuan, and Jia Yidao, right?" ”

Jiang Xinghuo: "."

Zhu Di: "."

Zheng He: "."

What do you mean that facts speak louder than words?

What does it mean to be wise and foolish?

"To put it another way." Jiang Xinghuo directly began to discuss the government intentionally or unintentionally, "Just like Your Majesty today, you have rebuilt the Jinyi Guard to supervise." So how many people think that if Jinyiwei is too powerful in a few years, will there be a need for a new supervision agency to supervise Jinyiwei? ”

Zhu Di looked at Jiang Xinghuo's clear face, and a gloomy look shrouded his eyebrows.

Jiang Xinghuo, did you see his identity? Is it deliberately teasing him?

Zhu Di opened his mouth to speak, but in the end he didn't say anything.

However, Zhu Di felt that what Jiang Xinghuo said was indeed reasonable, Jinyiwei had just been rebuilt, and the manpower and authority were still in the initial stage, so naturally it was nothing, but after years of time, I am afraid that it would not be able to lose its tail, and his father Zhu Yuanzhang was concerned about this at the beginning, so he would abolish Jinyiwei.

Of course, now Zhu Di is not sure whether Jiang Xinghuo is saying these words intentionally, so no matter how Zhu Di answers, it is not appropriate.

Therefore, Zhu Di looked at his stupid boy very naturally.

Zhu Di thought to himself: "Xu'er, it's time for you to be a substitute for your father." ”

Zhu Gaoxu didn't seem so naïve at this time, and immediately asked Jiang Xinghuo with understanding.

"Mr. Jiang, if Jinyiwei is too powerful, what supervision agency should be set up to supervise Jinyiwei?"

(End of chapter)