"The Art of War" says: "Know yourself and know your opponent, and you will not be defeated in a hundred battles." This is one of the rules of victory, and it can be applied to all aspects of social life. For leaders, "knowing oneself and knowing one's opponent" is particularly important, and only by "knowing oneself" and "knowing one's other" can it be possible to be considered a last resort, and it is possible to effectively lead subordinates and take advantage of the various weaknesses of the hostile party to achieve ultimate victory.

For leaders, strategy is important. "The Art of War" says: "Go to war and strategize." That's exactly what happened. As long as you use strategy well, you can achieve the goal of winning.

□ expected the enemy to be like a god, and there was no disadvantage in a hundred battles

As long as we "know ourselves and know our opponents", we will be able to achieve no disadvantage in a hundred battles.

Zhuge Liang's clever plan in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" illustrates this problem. When the Battle of Chibi, Sun and Liu united to resist Cao, broke Cao's army, and temporarily lifted the threat of the north. After that, the competition for Jingzhou began between Sun and Liu. At that time, Liu Bei was middle-aged and lost Mrs. Gan. When Zhou Yu learned of this news, he offered one to Sun Quan, and asked him to send someone to Jingzhou to tell Liu Bei about the match, pretending to marry Sun Quan's sister to Liu Bei, and then tricked Liu Bei into recruiting relatives in Eastern Wu, taking him as a hostage, and forcing Jingzhou to return. Sun Quan sent Lu Fan to his relatives, and Liu Bei was "suspicious and unresolved". But Zhuge Liang was confident, and he expected to know that Dongwu Zhi asked Liu Bei to agree to this family business, and would make "the sister of Wu Hou belong to the public again;

Jingzhou is foolproof". Then, Zhuge Liang sat in Jingzhou, and Zhenyong brought Zhao Yun with 500 soldiers to protect Liu Bei and recruit relatives. Before leaving, Zhuge Liang gave Zhao Yun three tips, and instructed Zhao Yun to follow the "three clever plans" in the bag, and go in turn. Zhao Yun kept in mind the instructions of the military advisor, and acted according to the plan given by the tips, so that Liu Bei's trip to Dongwu turned the danger into a disaster, successfully recruited relatives, got a "good couple", and returned to Jingzhou safely. made Sun Quan and Zhou Yu end up with an ending of "compensating the wife and breaking the army".

People admired Zhuge Liang for being like a god and his scheming. In fact, Zhuge Liang made a clever plan when he fully understood the scheming of Wu Guojun and his ministers. First of all, he saw through that the "proposal of relatives" was a scam, so he planned it according to the plan, created public opinion and momentum, made it boiling, made it a fait accompli, and forced Sun and Zhou to eat Coptis chinensis, so they had to make the fake come true. Secondly, he knows that Liu Bei has been a horse for half his life, widowed and beautiful, and will indulge in peace and happiness, "happy and happy"; At the same time, he knew that Sun and Zhou Hui would use Ronghua Anle and lustful dogs to put Liu Bei under house arrest, so they set up a second plan. Third, he expected that Liu Bei would escape, and Sun and Zhou would never give up and send troops to recover Liu Bei and others, so he set up the first plan to let Liu Bei invite Mrs. Sun to come out and retreat.

In the process of Liu Bei's recruitment, Liu Bei, Zhao Yun and others were able to take the initiative everywhere and occupy it step by step, because they had Zhuge Liang's three tricks. The reason why Zhuge Liang was able to pre-set a plan to deal with things before he was born was because he had a highly accurate prediction of the development of the situation. His foresight did not come from subjective assumptions, but from an in-depth understanding of the situation on his own side and on the other side, as well as a logical and thorough analysis of the development of events.

Of course, Zhuge Liang also miscalculated, the famous "Battle of the Street Pavilion", that is, Zhuge Liang did not carefully consider Ma Jian only knew "talk on paper", lacked actual combat experience, and entrusted him with a heavy task, which eventually led to the "loss of the Street Pavilion", and then "tears to kill Ma Tan".

For today's people, on the one hand, it is necessary to deeply study Zhuge Liang's way of using troops, and at the same time, it is also necessary to study the reasons for his "loss of the street pavilion". And sum up the experience, in order to maintain the victory.

□ "bloodless" US-Soviet "Guma missile crisis"

Any war, whether it is "bloodless soldiers" or "blood-spattered battlefields", is the result of a contest of courage and wisdom between the two sides.

During the Cold War, the United States erected countless nuclear missiles and listening devices around the former Soviet Union, which made the former Soviet Union very annoyed and uneasy. In the face of the nuclear encirclement of the United States, former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev made the following deployment: in October 1962, 42 Soviet-made SS-4 medium-range nuclear missiles were deployed in Cuba.

Cuba is just over 200 kilometers away from the U.S. state of Florida, separated by a tiny Florida Strait.

When the US Government learned that Khrushchev was going to deploy missiles in Cuba, it immediately took urgent action. On 22 October, then-US President John F. Kennedy made an extremely tough televised address to the world: "The imminent deployment of an intermediate-range missile launch site in Cuba by the Soviet Union against the United States poses a great threat to the peace and security of all Americans, and the United States will not tolerate it." Kennedy said in a loud voice: "I have ordered the imposition of a blockade against Cuba and to check all strategic offensive military preparations destined for Cuba, and if the Soviet Union forcibly crosses the blockade line, it will mean a huge military rush, and it will be an inevitable nuclear war, and the US armed forces are ready for everything." ”

Khrushchev scoffed at the warnings of the United States and its allies, believing that Kennedy was just "acting" and went his own way, ordering the Soviet fleet to slowly move towards Cuba with SS-4 medium-range nuclear missiles.

On 24 October, US reconnaissance planes spotted the Soviet fleet bound for Cuba. Kenny immediately ordered the American warships to intercept them head-on, and at the same time informed Khrushchev by various means that the Americans were ready for nuclear war and would rather risk a nuclear war than allow the Soviet Union to deploy missiles in Cuba. He did everything possible to put pressure on Khrushchev.

The two fleets were getting closer and closer, and the American Navy soldiers signaled the Soviet fleet to slow down, but the Soviet fleet neither answered the signal of the American ships nor slowed down......

The officers and men of the American fleet were so nervous that they were puzzled by the following:

The officers and men of the Soviet fleet were all nonchalant faces, and they did not make any preparations for war.

It turned out that the Soviet fleet did not receive any orders for operations. As the two fleets approached by a second, Khrushchev was nervously watching the situation through the radio receiver - Khrushchev finally "believed" that Kennedy was not "acting", and the KGB reported to him that the Americans would stop at all costs from the Soviet Union's nuclear missiles in Cuba. Khrushchev shuddered, if he really wants to fight a nuclear war, the Soviet Union may be the opponent of the United States - in terms of nuclear warheads, the United States is 6~9 times that of the Soviet Union; In terms of intercontinental missiles, the United States has at least 150 more than the Soviet Union; In terms of intercontinental nuclear strategic bombers, the United States has 400 more bombers than the Soviet Union; The American Polaris missile submarine had about 144 nuclear bombs, and the USSR did not have ......

Khrushchev could no longer hold it out, so he had to give the order: "Return!" All back! The "powerful" Soviet fleet, pressed by the US Navy fleet, made a 180-degree turn in the sea.

In the struggle between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, Kennedy did not use a single soldier or bullet to "scare away" the former Soviet Union and took off the glorious wreath. This is the art of war, I heard, "the good of the good", is indeed the best of the best moves.

Through the "surrender of the army without a fight", the opponent can be defeated psychologically or tactically, so as to avoid fighting and achieve victory.

This kind of brilliant war, this way of winning, makes people involuntarily applaud.

□ major turning point: the Battle of Midway between the United States and Japan

"Knowing oneself and knowing one's opponent" is the magic weapon for winning the war.

In April 1942, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, commander of the Japanese Combined Fleet, ignored the strong opposition of the Military Command Department, the highest decision-making body of the army, and ordered the launch of the "Midway Raider/MI Operation". Yamamoto planned to feint on Midway, lure the U.S. military, and annihilate his aircraft carrier.

At this time, the Japanese Navy's strategic standing code was the well-known "D code," which consisted of substituting 5 numbers from 33,300 words used in electricity, plus 55,000 garbled characters. The Japanese Navy was confident in the accuracy of their "D-Code", believing that it would never be deciphered.

But after all, a password was invented by a human being, and as long as you are familiar with its characteristics and have enough numbers, you can still interpret it. The U.S. military mobilized 120 personnel to form a cipher interpretation team and used IBM electronic equipment, and by the end of May it had mastered a large number of important information about Japan, such as dates, formations, and battle plans, which were almost as good as the Japanese captains knew. With full "knowledge of the other" and "knowing oneself" at the same time, the United States faced the battle.

What about Japan? It can be said that Japan is not capable of obtaining "intelligence" from the other side or "counterintelligence" without obtaining its own information.

Please look at the "judgment of the situation" of Nagumo Nakaichi, commander of the main attack force in the Battle of Midway: "The enemy lacks combat effectiveness, and if we attack, we have a chance of winning...... The enemy does not intend to ...... It is presumed that the enemy aircraft carrier did not act near Midway...... If the mobile force of the side attacks, it can be destroyed......" It can be seen from this that he does not know anything about the tiger-eyed American army. At this time, General Nilz, a famous American general, led his brave generals and wise generals to be full of fighting spirit and actively preparing.

In terms of counterintelligence, the Japanese army at this time completely lost the stern and cautious attitude they had when they attacked Pearl Harbor, and even much of the intelligence had become an open secret. This kind of complacency makes the army discouraged, completely ignoring the role of intelligence, and at the same time letting the other side know their own secrets, and a great defeat is inevitable.

In this war, the Japanese Navy, which had originally planned to make a surprise attack, was instead attacked by the mobile units of the US air carriers, and four aircraft carriers, "Akagi," "Kaga," "Hiryu," and "Asa," were sunk, and about 100 excellent pilots were killed in battle, resulting in heavy losses. The war ended with a resounding victory for the United States and a crushing defeat for Japan, which also became the key to turning the situation around the Pacific naval war.

As a result, the US military dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese Navy, turned the tide of the war, and demonstrated to the world the importance of "knowing oneself and knowing one's enemy."

□ knows himself and knows the other side of the Panmunjom armistice negotiations

To "know oneself and know the other", to have a deep understanding of one's own strengths and weaknesses, and to have insight into the enemy's intentions and ultimate goals, will enable oneself to take the lead and minimize the damage to one's own interests.

The Panmunjom Negotiations, also known as the Korean Armistice Talks, as a military and diplomatic struggle to end the Korean War, have many characteristics that are different from other military negotiations, and are called "an unprecedented armistice negotiations" and have an important position in the history of war. The negotiations lasted two years and 17 days, from July 10, 1951, to the signing of the armistice at Panmunjom on July 27, 1953. During this period, the two sides were at the venue and engaged in-for-tat; The battlefield is fiercely contested, and not an inch of land is conceded.

This negotiation is the first foreign military negotiation after the founding of New China, and the opponent is the world's largest military and economic power, the United States, and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Mao attach great importance to it. In view of the fact that the negotiations will involve military, political, diplomatic and other fields, and will face complex and ever-changing situations, China and the DPRK have established a highly centralized and unified negotiation team before the talks, which will work closely together and make joint efforts.

The essence of the United States' adherence to the so-called principle of "voluntary repatriation" on the issue of prisoners of war is to vilify the form of a socialist country by propagating the so-called "unwillingness" of prisoners of war to return to China and the DPRK, and to achieve a political and psychological victory for the United States. After finding out the unscrupulous plans of the US side, the Chinese and DPRK sides put forward a legal plan for the full repatriation of all prisoners in accordance with the spirit of the Geneva Conventions, sternly rebuked the US plan, pointed out that this plan violated international law, and exposed the truth about the US detention of prisoners and the fact that they were brutally abusing prisoners of war for the purpose of "screening". Because China and the DPRK have a large number of facts and have found out the old background of the US side, they have forced it to retreat step by step, so that the "prisoner of war question" can be properly resolved.

The Chinese and North Korean sides learned that the 16 countries of the "United Nations Force" and the 17 countries of the Republic of Korea are full of contradictions due to their inconsistent goals. South Korea resolutely opposes the armistice and hopes that the United States will help "recover" North Korea, while Britain and France hope to control the scale of the war as much as possible and realize the war as soon as possible. In the face of these differences, the United States cannot ignore them, but at the same time it has its own calculations. China and the DPRK take advantage of the enemy's contradictions and rely on political propaganda and military means to force the enemy to comply.

At the same time, before each meeting, the Chinese and DPRK sides have carefully studied the various conditions for the talks in light of the situation between our side and the other side. Prepare carefully for problems you may encounter and think about how to deal with them. In the course of the talks, try to let the other party put forward proposals first, touch the other party's intentions and hole cards, and then put forward your own proposals, so that you will always be in an active and favorable negotiating position. This effectively dealt with the US side's sky-high demands, which could cover the ever-changing situation of the venue, and grasped the enemy's flaws in the negotiations and put forward reasonable proposals, so that the negotiations could finally succeed.

This negotiation prompted the United States to abandon the attempt of "sea and air compensation" and to claim Kaesong, and to step on the issue of prisoners of war, and finally signed the "first armistice agreement in history that did not win a victory." It can be seen that the North Korean side of the Panmunjom negotiation knows itself and knows its opponent, and successfully uses negotiation tactics, which has great power.

In this confrontation, under Mao's wise decision, the Chinese and DPRK representatives, who were well aware of the intentions and intentions of the United States, won a victory outside the battlefield with superb wisdom.

□ Dazhi and Dayong, Guo Ziyi coincidentally returned to Hui

Guo Ziyi is a famous general of the Tang Dynasty. His great wisdom and courage have turned the Tang Dynasty into peace many times.

In the second year of Zongbaoying of the Tang Dynasty (763 AD), more than 200,000 people from other ethnic groups such as Tubo and Huifu of the ethnic minorities in the northwest frontier entered the Great Earthquake Pass and once entered Chang'an, Kyoto. The Tang Dynasty ordered his eldest son Li Shi to be the marshal to garrison the Guannei, and ordered the veteran Guo Yi to be the deputy marshal and lead the troops to Xianyang to resist.

Guo Ziyi established friendly relations with the Hui during the pacification of the Anshi Rebellion, he fought bravely, took the lead, and the Hui people admired him very much, and they all called him "Guo Gong". Guo Ziyi decided to use this relationship to break up the alliance between the Hui and the Tibetans, and pull the Hui to his side to deal with the Tibetans together. For this reason, Guo Ziyi sent his subordinate Li Guangzan to "visit" the Hui leader Gro. Yao Geluo was surprised to learn that Guo Ziyi was coming, because he said that Guo Ziyi and Tang Dynasty Zong were dead before he sent out the army, so he asked to meet Guo Ziyi.

Li Guangzan returned to the barracks and relayed Yao Geluo's words to Guo Ziyi, who immediately decided to go back to the barracks to personally "catch up" with Yao Geluo. Guo Ziyi's son and the leaders persuaded Guo Ziyi not to take risks, and said: "Even if you go, you must bring at least five elite soldiers as escorts, just in case." Guo Ziyi said with a smile: "With our current strength, we are by no means the opponents of Tubo and Huifu; If we can persuade the Hui to withdraw their troops, or persuade the Hui to form an alliance with us, then we can defeat the Tibetans. I think it's worth the risk! After that, he only led a few cavalry to the Hui military camp, and at the same time sent someone to the Hui military camp to report the news.

When Yao Geluo and the Hui generals heard that Guo Ziyi was coming, they were shocked. Yao Geluo was afraid of deception, so he ordered the formation to be opened, and he himself stood in front of the formation with a bow and arrows, ready for battle at all times. Guo Ziyi saw it from afar, so she simply took off her armor, put her gun and sword on the ground, and stepped forward alone. Yao Geluo saw that the person who came was indeed Guo Ziyi, and immediately summoned all the generals to kneel to welcome Ziyi into the camp. Seeing this, Guo Ziyi hurriedly dismounted, picked up Yao Geluo and the generals, and carried them into the barracks.

Guo Ziyi said to Yao Geluo: "Hui Hui has had a lot of rebellions for the Tang Dynasty to pacify the Anshi Rebellion, and the Tang King is also not thin to return to Hui, why did he come to attack the Tang Dynasty this time?" Yao Ge said ashamedly: "Guo Gong is above, we don't tell lies, this time the troops were really deceived by the traitor of the Tang Dynasty, Gu Huaien." Fugu Huaien said that Guo Gong and Dai Zong are no longer alive, and now that Guo Gong is in front of us, we will withdraw immediately! ”

Guo Ziyi said: "We have a large number of generals in the Tang Dynasty, and rebellions like An Lushan and Shi Siming can be quelled, but Tubo is not as good as An and Shi, where will it be the opponent of the Tang Dynasty!" If Hui Hui can join forces with the Tang Dynasty to defeat Tubo together, Emperor Daizong will definitely thank you. ”

Yao Geluo said excitedly: "Let's go back to listen to Guo Gong!" That's it! After that, he ordered the soldiers to bring wine and swear an oath with Guo Ziyi, and Guo Ziyi thanked him again and again.

After the oath, the Hui people immediately dispatched troops to attack Tubo, and Guo Ziyi also poured the elite of the whole army to attack Tubo at the same time. Tubo was defeated, with tens of thousands of losses, and fled for his life in a hurry.

It was with his own unparalleled courage and courage that Guo Ziyi made a preemptive strike to impress the Hui people, and then used his superb wisdom to skillfully rely on the strength of the Hui and his own side to benefit the Hui people, and finally turned the enemy into a friend, and won the victory of the Shuangbi Battle.