Last time, in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, various forces on the grassland appeared, but there were always many forces who liked to use their identity as conquered tribes to pay tribute.

The leaders of the "Horqin" Mongol tribe before 1438 AD were all descendants of Temujin's younger brother Cha Chijin, but 40 years later they became descendants of Temujin's other younger brother, Ghazal. One of the leaders, Unaboroth, had proposed to Mandu Haichechen Fujin (Dayan Khan's stepmother).

There is no record of whether the marriage proposal was rejected in the historical records, but judging from Korqin's participation in the battle of Dalan Trigon, where Dayan Khan conquered the right-wing Mongols, the ministry was very important in the forces of the Great Khan (Dayan Khan), but Korqin's attempts to annex the Yongshebu tribe Wanhu and the right-wing Mongols were rejected.

It can also be seen that the Great Khan (Dayan Khan) did not want to see the appearance of the powerful Korqin. The Horqin tribe was originally nomadic in the Nannan River Basin, and later developed eastward and was divided into two parts: one moved eastward to the Nenjiang River Basin, called "Nen Horqin"; The other group remained in place and was called "Alu Korqin", which means the Mongols who lived in the mountains southwest of the Great Khing'an Mountains to the north of the West Lamulun River.

In this area, in addition to Alu Korqin, there are also the Maomingan and Urad tribes, which are also descendants of Hesar, as well as the Sizi tribe and the Wengniut tribe of the descendants of the Chijin, and the Abaga tribe and the Abanahar tribe of the descendants of Temujin's other younger brother Belgutai, these tribes are collectively called "Aru Mongols".

After the rise of Altan Khan, the Korqin tribe was hindered in its westward expansion and had to develop eastward, and had deep ties with the Jurchen tribes in the northeast. After the rise of the Later Jin, he married with the Horqin Ministry, and many nobles also participated in the Later Jin Army, and the two sides formed a deep relationship. And this mutually beneficial relationship reached its peak when the two emperors Shunzhi and Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty were in power, because Bumu Butai of the Horqin Department was the mother of Emperor Shunzhi and the grandmother of Emperor Kangxi at that time.

The 30,000 right-wing households divided by "Dayan Khan" include Ordos, Menggoljin, and Yongshebu. Mongolzin was later annexed by Altan Khan, and only a part of the Dora barbarians was owned by the sons of Arsuboroth, not only Jir.

As a result, it didn't take long for these barbarian tribes to be gradually replaced by the Tumut tribe led by Altan Khan, called "Tumut Wanhu". The Ordos Department is owned by the descendants of the third son of "Dayan Khan", Balsborot, and is mainly active in the north and south of the Hetao, and there are eight white rooms of "Genghis Khan" in the territory, and celebrations are held every year. Successive Mongol Great Khans must also ascend the throne here, and many ceremonies must also be held here among the many tribes of the Mongolian steppe.

After the death of Balsborot in 1519, he was succeeded by Jinang (Gunbirik Jinong), who led his younger brother Altan Khan and the elder commander of Harasin against the Khanate in the east, Uliangha in the north, and the Ming in the south.

Because of his meritorious service in the battle against the Uliangha people, he was given the title of "Morgen Khan" by Bodi Arak Khan. After his death in 1542, Ordos was divided into twelve Etoks, and his son was ordered to develop westward.

From 1572 to 1573, the Ordos Mongol tribe did not succeed in the westward expedition to Kazakhstan, but caused heavy losses to the tribe. As a result, from 1573 to 1624, the Ordos Department fell into civil strife, and its last leader, Erlinqin, simply surrendered to the emerging Qing Dynasty in the east.

The "Tumut Division" was under the leadership of "Altan Khan", because he was another prominent Mongol tribal leader after "Dayan Khan" and also a right-wing leader. "Altan Khan" was called "Soduo Khan" by his subordinates by virtue of his meritorious service in the battle against the Uliangha Mongols, also known as "Altan Khan".

From 1543 AD, Altan Khan became the leader of the right-wing Mongol tribal alliance, and his strength was even able to force the Chahar headquarters to move eastward to the Sancha River. "Altan Khan" not only annexed the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei", but also attacked Tibet and Warat to the west, and also launched frequent invasion wars against the Ming Dynasty.

"Altan Khan" repeatedly sent envoys south to state his demands, intending to force the Ming Dynasty to carry out mutual markets. However, the Ming Dynasty did not want to see the Tatars too powerful to dominate the desert steppe, so they repeatedly rejected the "Altan Khan" request for mutual markets, and finally broke out the "Gengxu Change", that is, the war with the Ming Dynasty on the northwest border.

"Altan Khan" demanded that the Ming Dynasty "give me coins, pay me tribute, that is, relieve the siege, and not be a year old", which means "you must give me money, you must recycle my grassland specialties according to my price, then I will no longer follow the long border line to besiege you, otherwise I will come to besiege you once a year!" ”

"Altan Khan" behaved very arrogantly. It is said that the total number of people and animals along the northern Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty exceeded 2 million! Soon after agreeing to exchange markets with "Altan Khan", the two sides fought a war for more than 20 years, but in the confrontation with the Ming Dynasty, "Altan Khan" actively lured the soldiers and civilians of the Ming Dynasty, and allowed many defectors and civilians to go to the "Fengzhou River" to open up wasteland and farm, and even built Bansheng City, which is the transliteration of the people.

After entering the border of the Ming Dynasty many times, Altan Khan found that he had suffered a great loss, but the loss of the Ming Dynasty was even greater, because the Ming Dynasty not only had serious land annexation, but also the prevalence of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, forcing the common people to flee to Mongolia to open up the wasteland in order to survive.

Therefore, both sides have the intention of making peace. So, in 1570, the grandson of "Altan Khan" descended Hannaji to Ming, and the Ming Dynasty also seized the opportunity to promote peace with "Altan Khan" (his grandson inherited this "Great Khan"), which is the famous "Altan Tribute", and his wife "Three Niangzi" made great contributions!

"Altan Khan" (grandson) was named "King of Shunyi", and the country he founded was "Ming Jin Kingdom". In 1578, "Altan Khan" went to Qinghai and met with the "Living Buddha" Sonam Gyatso. Since then, the Yellow Religion has been popular in the Mongolian steppe in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and the "Altan Khan" also ordered 29 nobles from the Yongshebu and Tumut tribes to stay in Gansu and Qinghai to ensure that their descendants can travel back and forth between the Monan grassland and Qinghai to pay homage to the "living Buddha".

After the death of "Altan Khan", his eldest son Xin Ai Huang Taiji ascended the throne, but there was an armed conflict with the "Three Niangzi" over who should own the subordinates left by "Altan Khan" and the "Bansheng City". Due to the heavy losses of the "Three Ladies" side, the son of Xin Ai Huang Taiji, Pullik, won the ownership of the "Altan Khan" estate at this time.

Soon after, Xin Ai Huang Taiji died, and his son Pullik ascended the throne, and under the mediation of the Ming Dynasty, Pullik inherited the title of "King of Shunyi" and received the talisman and seal of the Tumut Department. However, the "Three Ladies" also had the power to oversee the trade between the right-wing Mongols and the Ming Dynasty together with Talik.

In 1607, Rak died, and his eldest grandson Bu Lost Rabbit should have ascended the throne, but at this time, the strength of the "Three Niangzi" who had gone through several dynasties was too strong, so she and the Han Naji faction united against Bu Lost Rabbit. Although Bu Lostu succeeded in inheriting the throne in the end, the authority of the "King of Shunyi" gradually declined.

At this time, the authority of the Great Khan of the Chahar headquarters was gradually restored, because Lin Dan Khan defeated the Tumut tribe, but the good times did not last long, because with the rise of the Jurchens in Liaodong, the Qing Taizu Nurhachi instigated the Mongol forces, such as Korqin, Naiman, and Ao Han tribes fled to the "Later Jin".

Later, the Tumut tribe also surrendered to the Qing Dynasty under the leadership of Bu Losttu's son Omubu. At this time, the "Wuliangha" Sanwei was no longer the descendant of the ruler of the early Ming Dynasty, but the descendant of the old general of the Chahar right-wing Harashen, so after Lin Dan Khan broke through the territory of the "Sanwei", its remnants also surrendered to the "Houjin", and became the predecessor of the "alliance flag" such as the "Karaqin Banner" and the "Dongtumat Left Wing Banner", which was greatly beneficial to the rise of the Manchu Qing Dynasty and the entry of the Qing army.

The Yongsheb tribe includes the Asut Division, the Yongshebu Division, and the Harasin Division, as well as the subordinate tribes, the Balhu Division. The two tribes of the Asuth and Yongshebu were originally the fiefs of the ninth son of "Dayan Khan", Uba Umbrellacha, but after his death, the sons fought among themselves, and the result was owned by Bodi Dara, the sixth son of Baalsborot, another son of "Dayan Khan". As a result, Bodidara's two sons led the Asov and Yongsheb divisions.

At first, the Yongxieb Department was stationed outside Zhangjiakou, Hebei. Later, the third son of Bodi Dara led the Balhu tribe to move west with the "Altan Khan" to welcome the lama (living Buddha), and some of the tribes were stationed in Qinghai, but like Tumut, they were affected by the westward migration of Lin Dan Khan, and the land and pastures were also divided.

The Halashen Department was originally nomadic in Mobei, and later occupied by the old capital (Bayas Halle, the fourth son of Balsborot), and went to Zhangjiakou to Dushikou during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty to nomadize, and controlled part of the territory of "Duoyan Sanwei", and was the most powerful assistant of "Altan Khan".

After the death of the old general, the second son, Qingdu, expanded to the east. But after his death, Bai Hongda, the eldest grandson of the old general, controlled all the tribes, and counted more than 100,000 people, who had a particularly good relationship with the Chahar headquarters and the Ming Dynasty, and also carried out mutual trade, intermarriage, and sale of horses.

After being wiped out by Lin Dan Khan's westward migration, the remnants of the Yongshebu tribe surrendered to the Qing Dynasty and became the Karaqin tribe. Although Qinghai was originally inhabited by Tibetans, after "Altan Khan" went to Qinghai to meet the "Living Buddha", he let his son Bingtu and nephew Bintu stay in Qinghai, and the right-wing Mongolia has owned Qinghai pastures since then.

In 1588, Bingtuzi and Truth entered Manglachuan, and the fourth son of "Dayan Khan", Alsuborot Sun Huoluochi, was stationed in Gongchuan, and Lalik also entered Qinghai. So in 1590, Huo Luochi suddenly led his troops to besiege Taozhou and plundered the area of Longxi, while the Ming Dynasty dealt with the matter with Zheng Luo.

Zheng Luo used both soft and hard, in order to stop the exchange of markets with Pullik to threaten him to return to the east, and led his troops to defeat Bu Lost's reinforcements, so after the Ming Dynasty controlled Xining, the fire fell red, and the truth had to withdraw from Qinghai, leaving only some herdsmen to nomadic here, since then the strength has declined, no longer a threat to the border of the Ming Dynasty.

Not long after, part of the territory of the Yongshebu tribe was annexed by the Khalkha tribe's Choktu Hongtaiji. In 1598, the Ming Dynasty took the opportunity to launch a campaign to expel the Mongols from Songshan, forcibly expelling the invaders by force. Since then, the territory around Songshan in Qinghai and the herdsmen living here have been managed by the Ming Dynasty.

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