800, "Sima Law" popular romance: benevolence first

This is the original text of the Sima Fa, although it is short and concise, but there are many sentences in it that are difficult to understand. Therefore, it is very necessary for me to explain it in detail and in layman's detail for the soldiers, and I believe that after listening to it, you will have a further understanding and mastery of the "Sima Law" and be able to apply it practically. ”

After Murong Tianshui finished speaking, he began to compare the original text of "Sima Fa" and explained in detail-

Renben first

In ancient times, it was normal for people to govern the country in a reasonable way based on benevolence. If the goal cannot be achieved by normal methods, then special means are adopted. Special means are manifested in war, not in the form of neutralization and benevolence. Therefore, if you kill the bad people and the good people are at peace, then it is okay to kill; If attacking another country is for the purpose of caring for its people, then it is okay to attack; If war is used to stop war, then it is also possible to conduct war. Therefore, benevolence can be approached by people, justice can be pleased, wisdom can be admired, courage can be imitated, and honesty can be trusted. In this way, the internal can be loved by the people, so that they can defend the land and defend the country; Externally, a strong deterrent can be maintained, so that the enemy can be defeated.

The principle of using the army is: do not violate the agricultural time, do not let the people suffer, do this to love your own people; Do not take advantage of the enemy's national mourning to attack, nor take advantage of the enemy's troubles to raise troops to fight, but do so in order to love the people of the enemy country; In the bitter cold winter and the scorching heat of the summer, he did not raise the army to go on the expedition, and this was done to love the people on both sides of the enemy. Therefore, though the nation is strong, the belligerence will surely perish; Although the world is peaceful, there will be danger if you forget to fight. In ancient and modern times, wars, killings, and intrigues have always continued. Even if the world is already peaceful and the Son of Heaven is triumphant, he still has to carry out field hunting exercises and military exercises in the spring and autumn of each year. All countries should also reorganize their armies in the spring and train them in the autumn, so that people will not forget to be ready for war.

In ancient warfare, chasing the defeated enemy did not exceed 100 steps, and pursuing the enemy who took the initiative to retreat did not exceed 90 miles, which was to show the spirit of courtesy; It is to demonstrate the principle of mercy by not excessively persecuting an incapacitated enemy, and at the same time showing pity for the wounded and sick of the enemy; Abide by the general righteousness and not pursue small profits, this is to show the noble justice; Waiting for the enemy to be ready before launching an attack is to show good faith; pardon the enemy who has already surrendered, it is to show true bravery; Insight into the causes and consequences of war, this is to show superhuman intelligence. According to the above six virtues, comprehensive education should be carried out on time as a normative norm for people's actions, which has been the way of government since ancient times.

In the past, the holy kings ruled the world, and they were able to conform to the laws of nature, adapt measures to local conditions, and appoint people with outstanding virtues among the people to official positions. and to determine the official positions for the administration of various affairs. Divide the princes, distinguish their functions and titles, and give them different amounts of money. In this way, the princes will be happy and convinced, and the overseas countries will also be attached to them. The lawsuit is over, and the army cannot afford to be reformed, this is the most perfect rule of the holy king.

The politics of the virtuous kings of the second rank of the sage kings were as follows: the virtuous kings established the law of etiquette and music to discipline the people, set up the fifth class of punishment to punish the criminals, and used the army to fight injustice. The king himself inspected the princes' territories, visited the places, and met with the princes to assess their political gains and losses. If the monarch of the vassal state is found to have disobeyed orders, violated discipline, violated morality, acted against the heavens, and was jealous of merit and virtuous, he will notify the princes of various countries, announce his crimes, and report to the emperor God, the sun, moon and stars, pray to the gods of the earth and the four seas, and appeal to the ancestors of the temple. Tsukazai then issued an order to the vassal states to recruit troops: "A certain vassal state is tyrannical and unreasonable, and now it has decided to send troops to recruit it." The armies of the vassal states should arrive at a certain place on a certain day of a certain year, a certain month, and a certain day, and accompany the Son of Heaven to punish the princes who committed crimes. Then Tsukazai and the hundred officials announced the discipline to the whole army: "After the army enters the territory of the criminals, it is not allowed to cut down trees, and it is not allowed to take livestock, food, and utensils without permission, and those who see the old and young must be escorted home, and they must not be harmed; Even if you encounter young and strong people, as long as they do not resist, they will not be treated as enemies. Wounded enemies should be given medical treatment and then released. "After punishing the criminals, the virtuous king and the princes also had to help put the country in order, select the virtuous and probable, ordain the emperor, and adjust and restore their official positions at all levels.

There are six ways for the king to control and manage the princes: control the princes by sealing the territory and splitting the territory; relying on policy decrees to restrain the princes; By courtesy, righteousness, and integrity, the princes are close to themselves; With the help of Ren Xian, the princes can be satisfied with themselves; reuse far-sighted men to maintain princes; Rely on strong military power to subdue the princes. In short, we must be able to share weal and sorrow with all the princes, and be one with each other; The big countries are close to the small countries, and the small countries serve the big countries and live in harmony.

The princes of the rendezvous promulgated the following nine prohibitions: Whoever bullies the weak and oppresses the few, he shall be restricted and weakened; Whoever kills the virtuous and cruelties the people will use his army against him; If it is tyrannical at home and aggressive at home, it will be resolutely deposed; and he that hath caused the field to be desolate, and the people to flee, degraded the title of king; And those who refused to obey the king's commands in the face of danger sent troops against them; Whoever kills his closest relatives will be punished resolutely; Whoever expells or kills the king, he is dealt with severely; Whoever disobeys orders and insults the king's government is to be isolated and punished; Whoever commits sexual immorality inside and outside, and acts with beasts, is to be utterly destroyed.