951, Liu Zhenhan, King of Hanling

The Han Tombs under the jurisdiction of Liu Zhenhan, the king of Hanling (defeated Tang Lizhong, the king of Tangling at the Huashan Wulin Conference), are arranged in chronological order - 1. Changling (about 20 kilometers east of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. It is the mausoleum of Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty. In the first year of Emperor Hui, that is, in 195 BC, he was buried here. The current mausoleum mound is 180 meters long, 175 meters wide, 80 meters high, and is a rectangular rammed earth mound. There is a rammed earthen city around the turn, and the traces of the gate on all sides can be identified along the edge. The mausoleum site is built on the edge of the plateau on the north bank of Weishui, and it looks like a hill rising from a distance, which is particularly majestic. The west of Changling is the tomb of Lu Hou, and then the west is the tomb of Emperor Hui Liu Ying'an, and the east side of Changling is the tomb of Emperor Jing Liu Qiyang. There are also many nobles who are buried nearby, so there are many mounds in the 20-kilometer long area on the east and west sides. Therefore, the saying is: "Sanyuan Bridge (Dragon Bridge), Jingyang Tower (Chongwen Tower), not to Xianyang's mound tower." "There are so many graves. ）

2, Anling (Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty Liu Ying)

3. Baling (the burial method of the Han Tomb Yellow Intestine inscription, in Bailuyuan, about 10 kilometers southeast of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Originally, there were the tomb of Emperor Liu Heng of the Han Dynasty, the tomb of the Empress Dowager Bo (the original concubine of Wei Bao, collected by Liu Bang to defeat Wei Bao), and Teng Gongzun (the tomb of the baby). According to the "Guanzhong Victory Map Chronicle": "From the Lantian boundary, to the Chanshui River, as far as the east and west fifteen miles, the south is connected to the south, the north is to the Bachuan, and the north is forty miles. "The Three Qin Chronicles" contains: "King Zhou Ping moved eastward, and there were white deer swimming here, so it was named. "Bailuyuan is also known as the tomb, the overlord, and the hegemon. "Historical Records: The Biography of Wang Jianlie" contains: Wang Jianjing fell, and Qin Shi Huang sent it to Bashang; Liu Bangxi entered Xianyang and returned to the army. All refer to this. The tomb was stolen in 2006, and the Xi'an police cultural relics inspection team recovered six terracotta figurines that were about to be auctioned in the United States. ）

Baqiao, a bridge. It is now about 10 kilometers east of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, across the Ba River. This Baqiao is a famous poetic ancient bridge in history. As early as the early Spring and Autumn Period, when Qin Mugong was in power, he competed with the eastern princes, changed the water to bashui, and built a bridge. "Historical Records: The Biography of Wang Jianlie" contains: Wang Jianjing fell, "The first emperor sent it to Bashang." "Hanshu Gaodi Ji" in the first year of the Han Dynasty" Pei Gong to the hegemon. The "Ba Shang" mentioned in these two places refers to "above the Ba Bridge", that is, the Ba Bridge, that is, the Ecstasy Bridge. This Baqiao is the main road for Chang'an to enter and exit to the east. In the third year of Emperor Kaihuang of Sui, that is, in 583 A.D., the south bridge was built in the south of the Qin-Han Bridge, and it was rebuilt after generations, which is now the Baqiao. It is said that there are 12 bridge holes and more than 400 pillars.

The Tang people sent many guests to the Baqiao, folded the willow and gave farewell, so far it was gloomy, so it is also called the Ecstasy Bridge. There is a poem that says: "The Tang people send guests off the Ecstasy Bridge, and it is difficult to break the willows." It can be seen that this Baqiao has become a place to send off the king since ancient times, and it has been full of feelings of attachment and farewell between literati and chivalrous people in the past dynasties. Whenever the turn of spring and summer, the green willow hangs low, swaying with the wind, the water splashes, the winter is the snow and the wind is cold, the sand stone dew, so it has the name of "the wind and snow of the willows", and is one of the eight views in Guanzhong. In December 1936, on the eve of the Xi'an Incident, the famous "Baqiao Blocking Liang" incident also occurred here. This incident was that some patriotic students and people with lofty ideals blocked General Zhang Xueliang on this bridge and demanded "stop the civil war and unite to resist Japan!" "Demonstrations. Later, the Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulated: "Citizens of the People's Republic of China have freedom of assembly, association, publication, procession, and demonstration!" ”

4, Yangling (Emperor Liu Qi of the Han Dynasty)

5. Maoling (15 kilometers east of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province. It is the mausoleum of Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty. It is the largest of the imperial tombs of the Western Han Dynasty. The place was the Mao Township of Huaili County in the Western Han Dynasty, hence the name. It was built in the second year after Emperor Wu's accession to the throne, that is, in 139 B.C., which lasted 53 years and cost a lot of money, with one-third of the country's total annual tax revenue, for the construction of the cemetery. The building is very grand, and the burial goods in the tomb are extremely luxurious. "Hanshu Gongyu Biography" contains: "Money and property, birds, beasts, fish, turtles, cows, sloppy leopards, raw birds, all hundred and ninety things, all hidden. According to legend, the gold carved jade clothes, jade boxes, jade scepters worn by Emperor Wu and more than 30 volumes of miscellaneous scriptures read by Emperor Wu during his lifetime were put into the gold box and buried together. Maoling sealed soil, all with rammed earth to build, the shape is like a covered bucket, solemn and steady. The height of the mausoleum is 46.5 meters, the top is 39.5 meters long from east to west, 35.5 meters long from north to south, 231 meters long from east to west at the bottom, and 234 meters long from north to south, which is basically consistent with the records of the Book of Han and the Book of the New Tang Dynasty. The cemetery is square, the east and west walls are 430.87 meters, the north and south are 414.87 meters, and the wall base is 5.8 meters wide, which is basically consistent with the "Guanzhong Chronicle": "Maoling Zhou Hui Sanli". The wall originally had a gate, except for the south gate, which has been destroyed, the other three gates are still visible. In 1978, the Maoling Museum was established at the site of Huo Qu's tomb. As one of the burial tombs of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Liu Che Maoling, the tomb of Huo Qubing is 500 meters east of Maoling. At the age of eighteen, Huo Qubing accompanied his uncle Wei Qing to fight against the Xiongnu, and was extremely brave, and had attacked six times to open up the communication between the Hexi Corridor and the Western Regions. In the sixth year of Yuanjiao, that is, in 117 B.C., he died young, and died of illness in the army, at the age of twenty-four. ）

6. Pingling (Emperor Liu Fuling of the Han Dynasty)

7. Duling (in the north of Dongwu Village, Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province. It is the mausoleum of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty. It was originally set up in Du County in the Qin Dynasty. In the first year of Han Yuankang, that is, in the spring of 65 B.C., a mausoleum was built on Du Yuan, and Du County was changed to Du Ling. The shape of the tomb is like a covered bucket, the top is flat, the four corners and oblique lines are distinct, the height is about 30 meters, and the length of each side is about 120 meters. There are more than 10 pieces of sacrificial stele stone of the Qing Dynasty on its south side, mostly because of wind and rain erosion, the handwriting is not clear, only Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi in the Qianlong period (as the 220 volumes of "Continuation of Capital and Governance Tongjian") set up a tablet of "Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty Du Ling" is still clear. Tang Libai's "Duling Quatrain": "Ascend to Duling in the south and look at the five tombs in the north." The autumn water is bright and the sun sets, and the streamer disappears the distant mountains. That is, to describe this mausoleum. ）

8. Shaoling (in the east of Sima Village, Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province. It is the burial place of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty. It is 9 kilometers away from Emperor Xuandi Duling in the north, because the scale and sealing mound are smaller than Duling, so since the Tang Dynasty, it is called Shaoling, and the words "less" and "small" are synonymous in ancient times. Empress Xu died in the first three years of Emperor Xuan, that is, in 71 BC, the mound is now 25 meters high, 90 meters from east to west, and 85 meters from north to south. The Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu lived near Shaoling, and because his distant ancestor Du Fu was from Chang'an, he took the name Shaoling and Duling Buyi; Shaoling, Duling Yelao; Shaoling, Duling Yeke, etc. ）

9, Weiling (Han Yuan Emperor Liu Zheng)

10, Yanling (Emperor Liu Biao of the Han Dynasty)

11, Yiling (Emperor Liu Xin of the Han Dynasty)

12, Kang Ling (Emperor Liu Kan of Han Ping)

13. Guangwu Mausoleum (also known as Liu Xiu's tomb. It is near Tiexie Village, Mengjin County, north of Luoyang, Henan Province. It is bordered by the Bishan Mountains in the south and the Yellow River in the north. The mausoleum is a tall earth god mound, the circumference is 1400 meters, 20 meters high, more than 1,000 ancient cypresses, vigorous and upright, gloomy and quiet. There are 28 tall ancient cypress trees in front of Guangwu Palace, which are said to be planted by the 28 ministers of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. In front of the mausoleum, there is a stone tablet in 1791 in the 56th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, which is engraved with "the tomb of Emperor Guangwu of the ancestor of the Eastern Han Dynasty". Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu, who lived in 6~57 A.D., was the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the capital of Luoyang, and reigned for 32 years. ）