Section 3 It's always a little bit worse

Huan Wen's First Northern Expedition.

In 354 AD, the 42-year-old Huan Wen led an army of 40,000 and set out from Jiangling (Jingzhou), and the troops were divided into three northern expeditions, and the spearhead was directed at Chang'an. There, there are the Di people, and the former Qin that they founded.

Fu Jian, the former lord of Qin, led an army of 50,000 to meet the attack at Yaoguan.

A wolf warrior commanded 40,000 wolf soldiers, and the morale of the Jin army was high and unstoppable. After several battles, Fu Jian led 6,000 remnants of the defeated army to flee back to Chang'an, digging ditches and building gullies to hold on. Huan Wen marched to Ba Shang and issued a notice of peace and security.

Since the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty and the entry of Wuhu into China, the Han people in the north have been ravaged, and they did not expect to see the Han army again today. Officials near Chang'an also surrendered to Huan Wen.

This shows that the people in the north still regard the Eastern Jin Dynasty as orthodoxy, and the Huanwen Northern Expedition has a good mass foundation.

While enjoying the joy of victory, there are also hidden worries. That is, the garrison was far away from the Eastern Jin Dynasty base camp, and the logistics supply of the Jin army gradually became a big problem.

Huan Wen's idea was to send soldiers to harvest the wheat and replenish the military rations when the wheat in Guanzhong was ripe.

After all, Fu Jian was a generation of heroes, and he was even more ruthless, and he saw the weakness of the Jin army's lack of food and grass, and directly sent soldiers to cut all the immature wheat and make a strong wall. Anyway, we still have the surplus food from last year, oily noodles, Zhenzi noodles, trouser belt noodles, Yongming Qishan noodles, eat less noodles and drink more soup to last a year or two, you southerners, how much rice did you bring? How long will it last?

Huan Wen obviously couldn't last long, and there was no food and grass, so he had to retreat. However, after all, the Northern Expedition has achieved brilliant results, and it is not good to praise the achievements, and Emperor Mu of Jin named Huan Wen as the governor of the capital.

Go home and get ready to come back. In June 356, Huan Wen led his army on a second northern expedition.

The army again set out from Jiangling (Jingzhou), crossed Yishui in August, and fought two major battles with the Qiang leader Yao Xiangjun on the north bank of Yishui. The Jin army was brave and indomitable, defeated the Qiang army, and actually recovered the military town of Luoyang.

Luoyang, the only city known as the capital of the gods, is one of the strategic CBDs of all China, and its strategic position and symbolism in Chinese history are self-evident. The recovery of Luoyang made Huan Wen very excited, and he focused on repairing the tombs of the emperors of the Western Jin Dynasty in Luoyang, and suggested that the Eastern Jin Dynasty move the capital here.

This suggestion of Huan Wen has also been cited by historians of hypochondria as one of the evidence of Huan Wen's careerists. In fact, Huan Wen's suggestion should have originated from one of the simplest strategic ideas in ancient China.

The Son of Heaven is on the side. If the Eastern Jin Dynasty could use Luoyang as the capital, Luoyang would become the bridgehead of the Northern Expedition.

However, how could the small court of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which only sought the southeast of Gou'an, dare to take the slightest risk? Huan Wen's suggestion was rejected by the central government, and he had to retreat and return south. In less than three years, the Central Plains region was occupied by Murong Xianbei's Qianyan.

The results of the Second Northern Expedition were lost, but it did not affect Huan Wenwei's shock. In 363, Huan Wen was appointed as the Great Sima, the governor of the Chinese and foreign military, and recorded the affairs of Shangshu. In 367, he was also the assassin of Yangzhou, don't forget that he was the assassin of Jingzhou before, and now, he actually controlled all the armies in the Yangtze River field of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

In 368, the Eastern Jin Dynasty increased Sima Huan's Wen Shuli and was above the princes and kings. At this point, Huan Wen became the strongest faction worthy of the name of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, at this time, he was 56 years old, the same age as Grandpa Mao at the founding ceremony.

The wild wind can't stop it. In May 369, the 57-year-old Huan Wen's ambition did not change, and he appointed himself as the assassin of Xuzhou and Yanzhou, and led 50,000 troops to start the third northern expedition from present-day Dangtu County, Anhui.

Before the Third Northern Expedition, the situation in the Central Plains was not optimistic for the Eastern Jin Dynasty. First, Xuchang, an important northern town in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was occupied by Qianyan, and from 363 to 365, the Huaiyang area was also lost, and the military town of Luoyang became an isolated city.

As mentioned above, the one who guarded Luoyang at this time was Shen Jin, who took the initiative to ask to go to the front line in order to wash away the family's shame and clear the obstacles for his children and grandchildren to join the organization. Shen Jin only had 500 soldiers under his command, and he was obviously not the opponent of the Xianbei Tiger and Wolf Army under Murong Ke and Murong Chui. In 365, Luoyang fell, and Shen Jin died. Murong Ke took advantage of the victory in Liankelu County, Gaoping, Wancheng and other places, and the front of the army pointed directly to the north of Hanshui, and the army was strong.

In June 369, when Huan Wen led his army to Jinxiang (now part of Shandong) by boat, he suddenly encountered a severe drought, and the river was shallow, and the army's water transportation began to become difficult.

There are three reasons why Huan Wen led the army to march along the waterway: first, it saves strength and the soldiers are not easy to fatigue, second, the logistical supply, especially the convenience of transporting grain, and third, the strength of Murong Xianbei's former Yanshui army is weak and almost negligible.

However, if there is no water in the river, it will be a dead end. Huan Wen convened his generals and staff to hold a military meeting in the Chinese army's big tent to discuss countermeasures.

Huan Wen's opinion is that he ordered the general Mao Husheng, the champion general, to dig a canal from Juyeze (a large lake in Shandong at that time, which no longer exists), about 300 li long, to connect Wenshui (now Dawenshui) with Qingshui (Guji Water is also known as Qingshui from Juyeze) to divert the water of the Yellow River into Qing and Wen, filling the river.

The strategist Xi Chao (the nephew of Wang Xizhi's wife) believed that the Wenshui-Qingshui-Yellow River channel had a small amount of water and was difficult to transport, so if we went north along this route, and the Yan army insisted on not fighting, and learned from the last Northern Expedition, the former Qin lord Fu Jian made another strong wall and cleared the wilderness, our logistics supply would not be able to keep up. If you can't do it quickly, once it drags on until autumn and winter, not only will there be less water, but the weather in the north will be cold, and the soldiers will not have enough winter clothes, which will be even more troublesome at that time.

Those who can only analyze difficulties and cannot put forward suggestions to solve them are not good strategists. Xi Chao put forward his own suggestions: 1. Simply abandon the waterway, march lightly along the land route, avoid the fortress, and go straight to Yecheng, the former Yan capital, to attack it unprepared, so that they can be beaten back to their hometown in western Liaoning in one fell swoop. Even if the Yan army sticks to Yecheng, it will not have time to clear the wilderness, and the crops outside Yecheng can supply our army as military rations.

2. If you feel that this is too risky, you can set up camp here, spend a year of hard work to accumulate grain and grass, and wait for next summer to attack.

Xi Chao's two suggestions were very reasonable, but Huan Wen didn't take any of them, to be exact, he didn't dare to take them.

Judging from Huan Wen's character, it is understandable not to adopt the first suggestion.

People who suffered and starved when they were young often do things conservatively when they become adults, and do not dare to take risks easily, and there is a kind of timidity and panic in their bones, for fear of failure in taking risks and returning to the pre-liberation period overnight after decades of hard work.

I can't help it, I'm scared.

Huan Wen, who couldn't even afford to buy mutton to save his mother's life when he was a child, pawned his younger brother out, that's it, and his character is also mentioned above - he is the master who doesn't see the devil and doesn't hang the strings, and when he plays cards, he doesn't take two kings and one fried in his hand, which is absolutely inappropriate. The first suggestion is too risky, if you defeat it, you can't come back, Huan Wen will not fight an uncertain battle.

The second suggestion looks good, set up camp on the spot, and the logistics can be continuously transported and hoarded, which is equivalent to moving the base camp north, closer to the battlefield. Why didn't Huan Wen adopt it?

He has scruples, what scruples?

What Huan Wen was afraid of, as his opponent, Qian Yan saw through it. Shen Yin, the former minister of Yan, said bluntly: Huan Wen's Northern Expedition to attack Yan was something that the ministers of the Eastern Jin Dynasty did not want to see. The Eastern Jin Dynasty was afraid that Huan Wen's power would be further strengthened during the war, and the ministers would definitely do everything possible to obstruct and destroy it in secret.

A few years later, in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the invader Wanyan Zongbi (Jin Wushu) was beaten by the martial saint Yue Fei and wanted to flee back to the north, a traitor scholar said something that made him dispel the idea of escaping: Since ancient times, if someone in the court has power to obstruct him, he will not be able to make contributions outside. Yue Fei is already unable to protect himself, why does the fourth prince want to withdraw from the army?

The historical materials do not leave the name of this traitor scholar, and every person who reads history will scold this traitor for betraying national intelligence. However, if you taste it carefully, what kind of information is this, isn't this a well-known fact forged by the Central Plains Dynasty with bloody lessons again and again?

If you stay away from the imperial court and the Jingzhou base camp, the opposition will take the opportunity to rectify the situation, and the longer it drags on, the more troublesome it will be. Huan Wen was afraid that the rear would change over time, so he had to dig the river quickly and solve the problem quickly.

In July 369, Huan Wen conquered Hulu (southeast of present-day Yutai County, Shandong) and captured the former Yan guard general Murong Zhong. Murong Wei, the former lord of Yan, appointed Murong Li, the king of Xiapi, to lead 20,000 soldiers and horses to meet the attack, and the two armies encountered each other in Huangxu (now southeast of Lankao County, Henan), and a major battle was inevitable.

As a result of this battle, Qianyan's 20,000 iron cavalry were annihilated, and Murong Li, who was killed directly, was heartbroken, and finally fled alone.

Immediately, the former Yan Gaoping Taishou Xu turned to Huan Wen and surrendered, and the Jin army pursued the victory, and defeated the Yan army at Linzhu (northeast of present-day Xinzheng County, Henan).

In this battle, the two forwards of the Huan Wen Army performed particularly well - Deng Yao and Zhu Xu. Zhu Xu, is the name familiar? Yes, no matter which edition of the history textbooks for primary and secondary schools in China has mentioned him, because he later deeply influenced the course of China's north-south history.

The Jin army was strong, and Murong Wei, the lord of Yan, was a little frightened, and appointed his brother Murong Zang, the king of Le'an, to replace Murong Li, and led all kinds of troops and horses to intercept it.

Murong Li couldn't stop Huan Wen, Murong Zang was not one, and the Jin army was like a bamboo. Murong Zang was in a hurry, and he went to the doctor in a hurry, and sent people to the former Qin of the Di people to ask for help, wanting to engage the second grandson Liu to unite against Cao.

In July 369, the Huan Wen army entered Wuyang, and Sun Yuan, the former Yan Dynasty, raised troops to respond to the Jin army, and Huan Wen took advantage of the victory to arrive at Fangtou.

Fangtou, now Qimendu, southeast of Jun County, Henan Province, is only 100 miles away from Yecheng, the capital of Yan Kingdom.

Hundreds of miles, even if you walk and turn on the WeChat exercise pedometer, it is only sixty or seventy thousand steps, and you can arrive in four or five hours. In Yecheng, Murong Wei, the lord of Yan, and Murong Ping, the Taifu who was in charge, were terrified, what should I do? The two of them discussed, or, let's go back to Liaoxi Dragon City?

Is this not hesitating to give up the Central Plains and go back to his hometown to herd sheep? The dark clouds of the dead country loomed over the Xianbei Empire, which once dominated the Central Plains with its mighty force. Since Murong Ke, Qianyan has rarely appeared as a political strongman. Fortunately, although Murong Ke is gone, the person he recommended back then is still there.

Murong Chui.

As mentioned above, Murong Chui, the king of Wu, was not treated by the top in Qianyan. If you are excluded, you can only keep your head open and protect yourself. However, after all, Qianyan is the crystallization of the hard work of the Xianbei Murong family for several generations, as a descendant of the Murong family, how can he bear to watch the family business be ruined by these unsuccessful relatives?

Murong Trai had to stand up on his own. He said to his nephew Murong Wei: Let me come.

Fifth Uncle Murong Chui is not a thing in the pool, Murong Wei knows it, and it is the best choice to keep him away from the army as much as possible. But this time we are facing the crisis of losing our country, what else can we do? Fifth uncle, you can go, but ......

Murong Zang didn't care about understanding Murong Wei's feelings, so he hurriedly replaced Murong Zang, appointed the governor of Nan, and cobbled together 50,000 horses to resist Huan Wen.

Murong Wei had no confidence in these 50,000 horses, and sent people to the former Qin of the Di tribe again to ask for a joint resistance to the Jin. This time he offered a super big price:

As long as Former Qin sent troops, Former Yan ceded all the land west of Tiger Prison Pass, including Luoyang, to Former Qin.

There is no business partner in the world that cannot be cooperated, as long as you offer a heavy enough price. Fu Jian, the former king of Qin, felt that this price was good, and ordered the generals Gou Chi and Deng Qiang to lead 20,000 troops to Yingchuan (which belonged to Qianyan at that time, now Yu County, Henan), and camped to wait for change.

Fangtou was an important ferry port on the Yellow River at that time, and it could go directly to Yecheng from Fangtou to the north. The Huanwen army advanced too fast, and the logistics supply was a little disjointed, so after arriving at Fangtou, he temporarily settled down in the village.

At this time, Murong Chui's army had also arrived at Fangtou, and the two armies confronted each other along the Yellow River. First tentatively fought a few outpost battles, and the Yan army had a slight upper hand.

Although it was a tentative battle, Murong Chui gradually saw the death hole of the Jin army.

Great wars, especially protracted wars, are all about logistics. The Wenshui-Qingshui-Yellow River waterway gradually dried up as the rainfall in autumn decreased, and the Jin army's logistical supply system gradually deteriorated.

How could Huan Wen not be able to see this? He had already responded to it, and he had ordered Yuan Zhen, the historian of Yuzhou, to lead an army to urgently attack Qiaojun (now Bo County, Anhui, Cao Cao's hometown) and Liangguo (now Shangqiu, Henan), with the intention of digging through Shimen (in front of present-day Xingyang County, Henan) to connect Suishui and the Yellow River to transport grain and grass.

With the expectation of ships and boats of sweet rice with white flowers and flowers, Yuan Zhen's wolf-like army conquered Qiaojun and Liang as scheduled. However, no matter how anxious it is, after all, it is a group of people who are fighting, not the 14th Bureau of China Railway to engage in tunnels and bridges, and the stone gate has not been chiseled for a while.

The news that Huan Wen sent someone to dig the stone gate reached Murong Chui, and Murong Huozi couldn't help but secretly admire this opponent - it was indeed the first wolf in the south, although it was far away, it would be chiseled. However, do you think Shimen, like my rabbit lips, is inherently open-minded?!

Murong Chui counted the cavalry under his command, a total of 15,000 people. Then, summon my younger brother Murong De: These horses and horses, all of them will be handed over to you, and there is only one task, to quickly attack Shimen with all your strength, and stop the construction team of Huan Wen's unqualified grass platform team!

In September 369, Murong De and Yuan Zhen fought a fierce battle at Shimen, and both sides fought for their lives, and the result was that the Yan army was victorious. Huan Wen's plan to dig a stone gate to transport grain was frustrated.

Tens of thousands of people sat on the empty mountain, and the food and grass of the Fangtou Jin army became less and less, and there was no certainty of victory in the decisive battle with Murong Chui's army. The most critical point is that Huan Wen is still worried that the rear will change over time, and after thinking about it again, Huan Wen decided to withdraw --- troops.

Withdrawing troops, it's not so easy. The water level of the river that used to come has dropped, and large ships are no longer passable. On September 19, Huan Wen ordered the ship to be burned, and the whole army withdrew to the Jingzhou base camp by land.

Following the Six Exits of Zhuge Liang of the Three Kingdoms out of Qishan, the example of the failure of the Northern Expedition of Huan and Wen once again tells us that if the southern regime wants to win a Northern Expedition war, it must have three prerequisites:

1. Strong military strength;

2. Sufficient logistics supply;

3. Stable rear environment.

However, in the Han feudal empire, which was known for its rampant hypochondria and infighting, it was difficult to complete this crucial condition in a stable rear environment.

More than 700 years later, Yue Fei's Northern Expedition failed, and the ten years of work were wasted, which once again confirmed this.

Huan Wen, who was in the peaceful Jiangnan regime, resolutely waved his army to the north and was determined to recover his homeland when the northern land fell under the iron hooves of foreign races, showing the iron backbone of the Han people.

It is a pity that the mainstream historiography of later generations generally did not have a high evaluation of Huan Wen, believing that he was a great careerist, and the Northern Expedition was to take the opportunity to improve his status and create conditions for usurping power and seizing power.

Indeed, Huan Wen did have the intention and performance of usurping Sima's power in the later period.

He had lamented the passage of time. When the third Northern Expedition marched to Jincheng, he saw that the willow sapling he planted on time was ten meters thick, and he was holding the big willow tree, and he sighed with tears: The wood is like this, how can people be worthy.

The only thing in the world that can rise without effort is age. The years are unforgiving, and the dream of ascending to the supreme has been stirring in his heart, and he lies down and gives birth to the worry and anxiety of "being this lonely, will be laughed at by the text and the scenery", and sits up and sends out "neither can it be passed on to future generations, nor is it enough to recreate the stinking long live evil?" "Bold words, eager to try. Worry and determination are intertwined, morality and desire are fighting each other, the inner struggle is always doing, and the emotional self-attack is always doing.

Everyone in the world knows that the gods are good, only the fame cannot be forgotten, and even the word "fight" is hidden in the static word.

At a certain banquet, he used the strength of wine to test his subordinates: When we are old, if we don't do anything, we will be laughed at by Sima Yi.

The hall was quiet, and no one took over.

The ministers read the book of loyalty and patriotism, and the resistance to usurpation was heavy, and they originally wanted to rely on the Northern Expedition to establish their authority, but after the defeat of Fangtou in the hands of Murong Chui, their prestige was not as good as before.

It's helpless, it's embarrassing, and I have to regain my prestige!

Xi Chao, the nephew of Wang Xizhi's wife, is also a think tank that Huan Wen relies on very much, and advises: Heavy tree prestige, you can use one method to --- abolish. This abolition does not mean that you will become the emperor yourself, but that you will change the emperor under your leadership. The emperor is changed by you at will, is it not enough to be prestigious?

In 371, Huan Wen deposed the 29-year-old emperor Sima Yi and appointed the 51-year-old Sima Yu as emperor (Emperor Jianwen). During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, when the average life expectancy was less than 50 years old, Sima Yu properly entered the sunset red column group.

At that time, the ancestor of your Sima family, Sima Zhao's heart, was well known to passers-by, and now you should be able to understand my thoughts: to make you the emperor is to let you live the emperor's addiction in your later years, but you have to be self-aware, and take the initiative to cede the throne to me after death, so as not to make me a usurper.

Life is rare in seventy years, and it is not uncommon for emperors to hang up in their fifties. Sima Yu became the emperor for less than two years, and was expected to die by Huan Wen, and before his death, according to the tacit understanding reached with Huan Wen about the Zen position, he wrote an edict. Although the edict stated that the throne would be passed on to his son Sima Yao (Emperor Xiaowu of Jin), Huan Wen should live in accordance with the precedent of Duke Zhou, and even directly confessed: The young son can be supplemented by those who are assisted, if not, the king will take it himself.

Wang Tanzhi, the general of the Left Guard, was a moral emperor, and when he saw the edict, he ran straight to Sima Yu's bedside and tore the edict to shreds in front of Sima Yu.

Why did Sima Yu want to do this? Threatened by the ministers, he had to force his illness to explain to the "loyal ministers": The Jin family is in the world, but it was obtained by accident due to good luck, what are you dissatisfied with this decision?

Wang Tanzhi: The Jin Dynasty was established by Emperor Xuan of Jin and Emperor Yuan of Jin, how can you be independent of Your Majesty!

Righteous and awe-inspiring? Lao Wang felt that it should be more out of the Wang family's old scholarly clan's psychological superiority over the emerging scholar clan.

However, no matter how righteous you are, you can't match the weight of Huan Wen's current position in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Before Sima Yu died, he issued four edicts in one day and one night, all of which read: Please ask Sima Huanwen, who was guarding in Guyu (now Dangtu County, Anhui Province), to enter Beijing as an auxiliary government.

Auxiliary government? I can't see the documents of the Zen position, and Huan Wen does not enter Beijing.

Sima Yu had no choice but to order Wang Tanzhi to rewrite the edict: ordered Sima Yao's family and the country to report to the great Sima (Huan Wen) one by one, and Sima Yao should respect Huan Wen like Liu Chan treated Zhuge Liang.

Wait and wait, wait for the way to come is worse than the edict of the last road, now you have to go to Beijing and say. Huan Wen immediately sent troops to build health.

Xinting, Baixia, one south and one north two military bases, the north and south gateways of Jiankang City. Sima Huanwen, the big man from Guxiao, was about to enter Beijing, and Wang Tanzhi and Xie An, the servant and the secretary of the ministry, led a group of central officials of all sizes to greet him in the new pavilion.

The banner is like a waterfall, the sword halberd is like a forest, the dust is flying, Huan Wen, who is wearing a helmet and armor, straddles the high-headed horse with a blue face, and the infantry cavalry of the brigade behind him is fully armed, and the swords are out of the sheath, reflecting the light of the southern sun brightly, and the civil and military officials of Yao can't open their eyes. The footsteps and horses' hooves continued to make dull and heavy contact with the ground, hitting the hearts of the civil and military officials and holding their breath.

Huan Wen left everyone behind and went straight back to his official residence in the capital, and then named two people to meet him.

Wang Tanzhi, Xie An.

Wang Tanzhi, born in the Taiyuan Wang family, is the son of Shangshu Ling Wang Shu. As the son of the prime minister, his career has been relatively smooth, joining the army, engaging in Zhonglang, free-riding and serving, and even doing the long history of Sima Huanwen.

When he served as the long history of Huan Wen, Huan Wen Yan admired the high family of the Wang family and wanted his son to marry the daughter of the Wang family. Wang Tanzhi went home to discuss with his father Wang Shu.

In the Southern Dynasties, the most important thing is to pay attention to the family, and pay attention to literature and light on military force, even if you are the chief of staff of the national army, the family is not as noble as me. After listening to his son's words, Wang Shu said faintly: How can you marry your daughter to a soldier?

Wang Tanzhi beat a drum in his heart and went back to tell Huan Wen: Xiaguan...... The daughter of the Xia official family has long been engaged.

Go home to discuss the daughter is still in the boudoir, and as soon as she comes back, she will get engaged, and this love is faster than adding WeChat friends. Huan Wen understood in his heart, and directly made it clear to Wang Tanzhi: I know, this is your old Prime Minister Wang's disagreement.

A woman from a high family cannot marry a man who is lower than herself, but a man can marry a woman who is lower than her own family. Later, Huan Wen married his daughter to Wang Tanzhi's son.

A generation of heroes with a strong personality, regardless of their face, persistently married with the lower officials and high families, which shows the influence of the Mendi culture in South China at that time.

Wang Tanzhi and Xie An arrived at the Huanwen Mansion, and Wang Tanzhi, who was righteously tearing up the edict in front of the emperor's sickbed, was trembling at this time, sweating, and trembling with his hands and even took down the hand version. He noticed that there was something strange behind the screen, and the old in-laws should have ambushed a lot of people with knives and axes, ready to unpack them at any time.

At that time, in front of the sickbed of the dying old emperor, he angrily tore the edict to show his loyalty, and at that time, the big demon king Huan Wen was still outside Beijing, but now, this big demon king is back. Wang Tanzhi gave Xie An a look vigorously - there is danger here, let's take the opportunity to slip away.

Xie An's face did not change, he entered the hall and sat down, and bowed his hand to Huan Wen: Since ancient times, generals who preach morality have always put soldiers and horses on the border to prevent foreign invasions. Why did Duke Huan hide his soldiers behind the wall?

This means that if you fail in the Northern Expedition, you are quite capable of dealing with your own people.

Xie An broke through the mystery in one sentence, and talked about morality, Huan Wen felt embarrassed, and said sullenly: I also have to take precautions. After speaking, he hurriedly withdrew the soldiers, put on a banquet, and drank a small wine with Wang and Xie who had their own ghosts.

The opposition of the Shi clan was too strong, and Huan Wen had some scruples and did not dare to act rashly. If you don't want to say it, you will hint, and Huan Wen frequently hints to the imperial court - give Lao Huan me a Jiuxi.

There was no movement for a long time, Huan Wen couldn't sit still, and directly sent someone to urge Xie An.

Xie An also responded positively, showing the edict to Huan Wen's people today, saying that it would be revised here, and tomorrow he would give the edict to Huan Wen's people, saying that it would be revised there.

Obviously, this is a "drag" trick. Because, Xie An knew that Huan Wen was over sixty years old and was sick.

I'll drag you to death.

How low is the method of delaying time by amending the paperwork? It's actually very advanced.

In the 29th year of Jiajing (1550), the Mongol Altan led the iron cavalry to besiege the city of Beijing. Beijing has no police for a hundred years, the garrison is lax, only forty or fifty thousand flower fists embroidered legs of the forbidden army guards, although Ming Shizong flew to spread the division of the king of Qin, but far from the water can not quench the thirst of the near, the capital is in danger.

At this time, Zhang Juzheng was still only a seven-grade Hanlin attendant, with strong blood and strength, and he wanted to contribute to the country, but he really couldn't think of any other good way except to defend the city and wait for help. Confused, I asked my teacher Xu Jie for advice.

Xu Jie: What is your best plan to relieve the siege of the capital?

Zhang Juzheng: Resist according to the city and swear to defend the country.

Xu Jie: Hehe, in this way, we can only wait for the city to be broken and the people to be slaughtered.

Zhang Juzheng: What's the solution?

Xu Jie: Exercise the strategy of delay. In the letter of persuasion sent by me, there was a place that should be written in Mongolian, but he wrote it in Chinese. We can tell this shepherd that writing a letter of persuasion in Chinese is detrimental to the dignity of Mongolia, so it is better for him to withdraw his troops outside the Great Wall, revise the document and send it again, and we will negotiate peace.

Zhang Juzheng took a sip of tea and sprayed it on the ground: This is okay?!

Xu Jie: Hehe, I have already offered this strategy to the Holy Lord, don't look at the advertisement to see the cure.

Ming Shizong acted according to Xu Jie's plan, and the siege of Beijing was really solved! The bloodless soldiers achieved the effect of Yu Qian defending the capital with iron and blood.

Xiao Zhang was dumbfounded, and asked Lao Xu again: Teacher, how did you achieve the effect of magical realism?

Xu Jie: Hehe. In times of great difficulty, carefully examining the subtleties of personnel often leads to unexpected gains. I am a Leo, I love vanity, and losing face is worse than killing him. He came to attack this time, what he wanted was interests (to increase border trade and earn enough money to deal with the Warat Department), not the Jiangshan Sheji of the Ming Dynasty. Give him a step down, and then put what he wants on the step, and he will definitely feel that he will retire with dignity before the army of the king from all over the country arrives.

Zhang Juzheng's five-body threw himself to the ground. For insight into details and human nature, 25-year-old Zhang Juzheng is obviously too much worse than 47-year-old Xu Jie, after all, Xu Jie has eaten dumplings for 22 years more than him, and they are still dipped in vinegar.

Now, the 53-year-old Xie An in his previous life is also using this method to exercise procrastination, which is also based on a deep insight into human nature. That is, Xie An concluded that Huan Wen had not lost his face to the sake of directly usurping the throne by force. Otherwise, he and Wang Tanzhi would have been born as a Hema early in Huanwen's house that time.

Sure enough, dragging and dragging, Huan Wen died of illness in 373 at the age of 61.

What is it that makes a sick old man chase supreme power and status again and again, again and again, regardless of his face?

According to the theory of five levels of human needs proposed by the American social psychologist Maslow--- physiological needs, security needs, belonging and love needs, respect needs, and self-worth realization needs.

For example, the needs of the Eight Precepts are physiological; The need of the sand monk is security; The needs of the white dragon horse are belonging and love; Goku's need is respect; Tang Seng's need is self-worth realization.

What Huan Wen pursues should be between the needs of respect and the need for self-worth realization. A child who lost his father since he was a child and suffered from white eyes, lacked love and tolerance when he was young, and no matter how successful he was, he couldn't get rid of the inferiority complex that had been deep and deep when he was a child. In "In the Name of the People", Qi Tongwei, a civilian child who has reached the level of an official or department, is ruined by his pursuit and dedication to the deputy provincial level, which is the case.

The Book of Jin places Wang Dun and Huan Wen together in the sixty-eighth biography of the list, as rebels. Indeed, when compared carefully, the two have many similarities:

1. Wang Dun and Huan Wen both married a princess, both of whom were captains of horses, and later worshiped the generals, sat in Jingzhou, and became the first powerful warlord in the Eastern Jin Dynasty;

2. Both of them are from the scholar clan (of course, the Langya Wang clan is much higher than the Long Kanghuan clan of the Han Kingdom), and both have super military talents. Wang Dun's military exploits were mainly manifested in quelling local rebellions during the founding of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, while Huan Wen's military exploits were in the Pingcheng Han Dynasty and the Northern Expedition;

3. Both of them have challenged the imperial power with military power. Wang Dun raised troops into Beijing and slaughtered a group of ministers, while Huan Wen deposed the emperor.

However, if Huan Wen is really compared to Wang Dun, at least Huan Wen is unwilling. Because, his idol is another person.

Liu Kun, yes, it is the history of the original Western Jin Dynasty and the state of "a song of Hu Ji to save the lonely city".

During the Northern Expedition of Huanwen, he found an old maidservant who was good at needlework, who turned out to be a singer of Liu Kun's family, a young man of literature and art. When this old maid saw Huan Wen, she burst into tears. Huan Wen was strange and asked why. The old maidservant wiped her tears: You are very similar to our master, and I think of him when I see you. (Gong is very similar to Liu Sikong).

Is it Liu Kun who has a high appearance, a flying literary style, is tempered into steel and turns into a soft finger, and can save the lonely city with a song of Hu Ji? Huan Wen was very excited after hearing this, so he quickly cleaned his shoes and tied, changed into the most satisfactory clothes, and then let the old maid take a closer look, whether it really looked like Liu Yueshi, the national idol of the year.

The old maid muttered while looking at it: the face is very similar, and the hatred is thin; The eyes are very similar, and the hatred is small; It must be very similar, and hate the red; The shape is very similar, and the hatred is short; The voice is very similar, and I hate the female.

You look like Liu Kun everywhere, but everywhere you are, you are a cut worse than him. This old maid may be an Aries, she doesn't shoot rainbow farts, and she is quite sincere.

Huan Wen listened like a chicken, covered the circle for a long time, took off the clothes on his body, went back to the bedroom and fell asleep, and did not get up for several days (the crown was untied, and he slept unconsciously, and those who were unhappy for a few days).

The face of the old kabuki unintentionally accurately predicted Huan Wen's life.

To avenge his father, one step shorter, the main culprit Han Huang was killed by the counterinsurgency army, and the accomplice Jiang Bo died of natural causes, and the three relatives who were only accomplices were really hard to understand the hatred in their hearts.

The Northern Expedition, a cut off, although he won many battles, but the defeat of Fangtou at Murong Chui was an eternal failure in his career as a horseman.

usurped the throne, a cut off, and before he could wait for Jiuxi, he died of illness.

The body is the capital of the revolution, such as Sima Yi, who survived by Zhuge Liang, survived the three generations of the Cao family, and finally survived the world and became a famous thief in history.

Sima Yi is not indulgent, not angry, a master of emotional management, supplemented by Hua Tuo's invention of China's first set of radio gymnastics - five bird opera, in ancient times of seventy years of life, he was able to die at the age of 72. Arguably, longevity and patience are his most powerful weapons.

Huan Wen, an absolute generation of heroes, but he is always perfect, a handful of heat, and even his lifespan. Whenever I read history and read Huan Wen, I always sigh again and again, and make a poem of sighs:

Sigh Huan Wen

The world is like my king, and I only want to follow Liu Yueshi.

The tiger and wolf entered the Sichuan and became a Han, and the military exploits were violent and famous.

As a result of this lonely Wenjing, the old emperor deposed the new emperor.

Wood is like this person, how can he be, regret Jiuquan and Jiuxi.

A generation of famous generals of the Northern Expedition, Er Cao's body and name were finally destroyed.

People's troubles mainly come from 12 words - can't let go, can't think about it, can't see through, can't forget. The reason why people are tired is because they are often entangled and indecisive, and they can't make quick decisions; The reason why I am anxious is that I tend to look at things negatively and lack a sunny attitude; The reason why it is painful is because you can't immediately abandon negative emotions and move towards the future as soon as possible; The reason why I am unhappy is not that I have too little, but that I have too many extravagant expectations and too high expectations for the future.

The older you get, the more you should understand that it is not the enemy who has been fighting against you, but the self with high sensitivity, low self-esteem, and perfectionist tendencies.

After Huan Wen's death, Xie An was appointed as Shang Shu and Minister of the Ministry of Officials Shang Shu (Deputy Prime Minister and Organization Minister), and was in charge of the government together with Shang Shuling (Prime Minister) and Wang Dao's cousin Wang Biaoyi. Soon, Wang Tanzhi, the secretary general of Zhongshu Ling, served as the assassin of Xuzhou, and Xie An was also the head of Zhongshu Province, and actually took charge of the government of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

After taking power, Xie An did not cut off the Huan group. For the sake of stability and unity, he reused Huan Wen's younger brother Huan Chong and made him serve as the military governor of Xu, Henan, Yan, Qing, and Yang, as well as the Xuzhou Thorn History, responsible for guarding Jingkou, and later transferred to the Governor of the Seven Prefectures and the Thorn History of Jingzhou.

Huan Chong also understood the righteousness, thinking that his prestige was not as good as Xie An, and he was willing to take it as his responsibility to guard the border towns, and work together to assist Emperor Xiaowu of Jin.

The title of Duke of Nanjun of Huan Wen was succeeded by his youngest son Huan Xuan.

Later, Huan Xuan rebelled and proclaimed himself emperor, and posthumously named Huan Wen as Emperor Xuanwu, and the temple name was Taizu. After Huan Xuan's defeat and death, the descendants of the Huan clan in order to avoid Liu Yu's pursuit, some of them surrendered to Qin, and the other part fled into Miaozhong and became Nanban, which will be described later.