Many readers may want to ask such a question, hey! Man! Have you said enough? You can't speculate about world history and East Asian history just because of a big ice age, a small Xiaoice age, and a Sanxingdui, right? According to you, Western civilization is not as long and excellent as Eastern civilization? ......。

Of course, there are certainly more difficult questions than these questions. In order for more readers to be able to read this article smoothly, it is necessary for us to answer these questions first to clear up some of the confusion. Because the West has controlled the discourse and control of world culture and education for more than 200 years, the mainstream societies of the East and the West believe that Egyptian civilization is the source of Western civilization, and then Western civilization has influenced East Asia through the Middle East, Western Regions and other regions, and formed the civilization of the Yellow River Basin, that is, the Chinese civilization. At the same time, Westerners believe that the white race in the Western world is superior to the yellow race in the East world. The strong historical evidence that supports this view is that the West created great buildings such as pyramids and temples and splendid cultures, but there is no such architecture and culture in East Asia.

In fact, we have already expounded that the East Asian continent formed a civilization earlier than the European continent from the perspective of super-homo sapiens creationism, the central theory of human civilization in Southeast Asia during the Ice Age, and the great migration of human beings during the ice age warming period, so the East Asian civilization has a longer development history than the Western civilization, and is more systematic and complete.

Recent archaeological discoveries in Java, Indonesia, have recently discovered the Pyramid of Padang Hill on the island of Java, Indonesia, which is 136 meters tall and is built in the same way and scale as the Egyptian pyramid, and according to the degree of stone corrosion and weathering on the surface of the pyramid, scientists believe that the pyramid was built at least 10,000 years earlier than the Egyptian pyramid, which indicates that the ancient cultural circle of Southeast Asia is older than the Mediterranean cultural circle. Without taking into account the effects of Homo sapiens on humans, the Mediterranean region and the European region during the Ice Age were very cold and arid cold zones, which were not at all suitable for human life, and during the Ice Age these areas were almost no man's land. After the warming of the Ice Age and the Great Migration, human activities began to be more frequent in the Middle Sea and Europe.

Recently, the Western archaeological community has found human sites more than 7,000 years ago in Poland, Germany, France, the United Kingdom and other regions, there are caves, tunnels and underground cities where the ancients lived, and a large number of tombs and bones neatly stacked in the tunnels have been found. These tunnels and underground cities were built in exactly the same way as cave villages, large-scale tunnels and underground cities in the Central Plains and Shaanxi regions of China, so anthropologists believe that the yellow cultural sites in Europe were left by the settled yellow people who migrated to Europe from the Yellow River Valley region of East Asia, and because Europe was still very cold and arid at that time, they could only dig caves, tunnels and underground cities to live.

At the same time, anthropologists believe that underground structures such as qanats in Xinjiang were also built by this group of yellow people who migrated westward. These historical discoveries and scientific studies show that the yellow race is the early inhabitants of the European continent, and the yellow race and the earlier inhabitants of the European continent have merged into the modern Europeans, that is, the European white race, and there is no purebred white man in the world, so the theory of racial superiority is a false proposition, without any practical significance, superiority or not depends on wisdom and hard work, and if you want to become a winner, you can only rely on strength to defeat your opponent, and in the cruel competition between human beings, human genes, physiognomy and instinct cannot play a decisive role.

To get back to the point, the basic common sense that human history has given us is that selfishness can make a person live a prosperous and prosperous life, and it can also allow a small family to get food and clothing, and can seek temporary peace. However, only the selfless character of a saint can promote the progress of the whole society and the development of human civilization. Only selfless people who transcend individual interests, break away from narrow thinking and natural shackles, and have great love can be a powerful driving force for social progress and civilization development. Those groups and nations who will only cling to selfishness, narrow-mindedness, and trembling in the face of the forces of nature will inevitably be ruthlessly eliminated and disappear into the long river of human history.

Thanks to fate, after experiencing the social turmoil of the Xiaoice River period, God freed the Chinese nation from the evil trap of selfishness early on, and the Chinese nation stepped step by step into a free world of selflessness, open-mindedness and fraternity.

According to the traditional Chinese historical concept, Chinese history begins with the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors", and there are at least two typical versions of the Three Emperors, the first edition, which believes that the Three Emperors are Fuxi, Nuwa, and Shennong, from the "Spring and Autumn Fortune Doushu"; The second edition believes that the Three Emperors are Chao, Suiren, and Shennong, from the "Zhuangzi" and "Compendium of Easy Knowledge".

The Age of the Three Emperors is a historical era fabricated by the ancient East Asian people on the basis of the ancient historical memory of mankind in order to explain the origin of human life and civilization. The ancient East Asians believed that human beings were created by the mother goddess Nuwa, and that after human beings were created, human beings immediately entered a chaotic era when their consciousness and thoughts were not yet fully developed.

Subsequently, the human father Fu Xi carried out ideological enlightenment education for human beings, he taught human beings the basic methods of understanding themselves, the environment and the world, and pioneered the doctrine of the Book of Changes, teaching human beings the theory that "yin and yang converge to give birth to all things". The basic theory of the Book of Changes is that "heaven and earth are originally nothing, the subtle and subtle give birth to Taiji, Taiji gives birth to two instruments, two instruments give birth to four images, four images give birth to gossip, and gossip derives all things", that is to say, all things in the universe are originally nothing, but in the darkness and darkness are hidden in the germination and breeding of Taiji. Tai Chi is the generation of two instruments, namely yin and yang, under the action of mystical forces, and yin and yang are the two most basic factors that make up things. Liangyi generates four images, that is, yin and yang evolve under the action of mysterious forces to create the general environment and conditions for the existence of four things. The four elephants give birth to the eight basic types of things, that is, the four elephants evolve under the action of mysterious forces. Bagua derives all things, that is, through the continuous aggregation and superposition of Bagua, everything in the universe is generated. After Fuxi, many scholars evolved the sixty-four hexagrams on the basis of the eight trigrams, and the sixty-four hexagrams are the sixty-four basic causal evolution patterns of all things. Fu Xi founded the theory of yin and yang, which became the theoretical basis for Chinese philosophy, forecasting, strategy, the art of war, management, sociology, mathematics, physics, chemistry, medicine, and other disciplines.

Shennong was the patriarch who taught mankind to develop agriculture and medicine, and he helped mankind understand animal and plant resources, and solved the problems of human food and health.

He taught humans to choose a base for survival and development, build houses and villages, and teach humans the basic methods of forming and managing families, villages, tribes, and clan societies.

The Suijin clan was the patriarch who taught humans how to use fire, and taught humans techniques such as making fuel, making fires, keeping fire, building stoves, making cooked food, firing ceramics, smelting metals, and making pyrotechnics.

Of course, there must be more than three human ancestors, and there must be many of them, otherwise human consciousness, knowledge, thoughts, wisdom, skills, etc., would not be so complete and intelligent.

After being taught and enlightened by the ancestors, human beings entered the era of the Five Emperors, the Five Emperors are the humanistic ancestors of the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan, Emperor Yu, Yao, Shun and other Chinese people, and the Huaxia people are the descendants of the three emperors, so Fuxi is the father god of the Huaxia people, and Nuwa is the mother goddess of the Huaxia people. In this way, the past and present lives of the Chinese people will be explained clearly, of course, everyone who writes these histories, they do not write history so that readers can know the truth and truth of history, they only write for the court for their own rice bowl and glory and wealth.

According to the analysis and conclusion of this paper, the Xia Dynasty should be counted from the time when the Yellow Emperor was proclaimed emperor, but some historians of the past dynasties did not want future generations to pay too much attention to the history of the Yellow Emperor, so they classified the "Five Emperors" era of the Huaxia people into an era of chaotic consciousness, early civilization, and mythology, and regarded the Huaxia emperors with different surnames of the Yellow Emperor as the emperors of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties.

Because when the Huaxia people left northern Shaanxi and entered Sichuan, it was the coldest and droughtmost period of the Xiaoice period, and the climate and environment in the north were still very harsh. Therefore, the Huaxia people, their emperors and imperial courts still live and develop in the Sichuan region.

The work of the two emperors after the Yellow Emperor, such as Zhuan Xuan and Emperor Yu, was mainly to pacify the people, develop production, prosper commerce and trade, and consolidate national defense.

Perhaps in the time of Diyao, the Xiaoice period began to end, and the earth's climate began to warm, humid and rainy, which should be about 4100 years ago. Because of the improvement of climate and environment, the development of agriculture and animal husbandry has been greatly promoted, and the overall strength of the country has been improved. Therefore, Di Yao sent a number of advance troops and reclamation regiments to the north to settle in the "hidden capital"; to the south to settle in the "Nanjiao"; to the west to settle in the "West Tu Valley"; Head east to settle in the Land of the Rising Sun. At the same time, strengthen the country's local governance and production development.

In order to complete the country's local governance and production development. Emperor Yao sent his relatives to control the floods of the land and educate the people to develop agricultural production. But until Di Yao died and Di Shun was in power, Yu failed to control the country's floods, let alone develop production. Because of Tuo's incompetence and delaying national affairs, Emperor Shun killed Tuo for his crimes. Then, the imperial court of Emperor Shun recommended and appointed Yu's sister-in-law, Yu, to complete his father's unfinished business - to control floods, develop agricultural production, of course, to defend against foreign invasions, expand the territory is also Yu's task.

In the Historical Records. Xia Benji", the main area of Dayu's water control is the North China Plain and other Central Plains in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, including Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Jiangsu and other regions, and Dayu's water footprint involves the Yangtze River Basin, as well as the vast area south of the Yangtze River to the South China Sea, Dayu delineated China's large states and geographical boundaries of the first person. Under the conditions of sparse population, extremely low technical ability and equipment, it is absolutely impossible for Dayu to lead a group of unclothed and bare-handed ancients to govern such a vast and surging swamp barren land!

Therefore, only by returning to the situation of the survival and development of the Huaxia people at that time in Sichuan and its surrounding areas can we see the real history. When Dayu took office, after the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan, Emperor Yu, Di Yao and other four generations of emperors, Sichuan has become the foundation of the Chinese people, and the population of the Chinese people has grown explosively, and the population diversion has become the main measure for the Chinese court to reduce pressure and reduce social contradictions, so Yu has become the leader of a part of the Chinese people to develop outside Sichuan.

"Flood control and production development" is the official expression of population diversion, and of course, outward development can also open up the country's territory and increase the country's tax revenue. Dayu should know better than his father the purpose of the Huaxia court. In order to successfully complete the task of the Chinese court, Dayu can only lead the Huaxia tribe he is responsible for managing through the Xiling Gorge area and enter the vast Jianghan Plain, which is now the Hubei region, to find an opportunity!

The Jianghan Plain is a low-lying area that has been the hardest hit by the Yangtze River floods since ancient times. Due to the end of the Xiaoice period, the climate has warmed, the glaciers of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have melted, heavy rains have been frequent, the water level of the Yangtze River has skyrocketed, and the Jianghan Plain and its surrounding low-lying areas have become oceans and swamps. This was originally the territory of the Shennong clan and the Yandi clan, but the floods were rampant, and most of the Shennong and Yandi clans had retreated to the area south of the Yangtze River or the higher terrain, which was very sparsely populated at this time.

Due to the seasonal floods for many years, Dayu's team has mastered the inundation area and submerged water level of Chudi, as well as floodplain areas and waterlogging areas of different degrees. After grasping these situations, Dayu led his clansmen to control floods and develop agricultural production on the land abandoned by the Shennong and Yandi tribes.

In the land without flooding, the Yu people directly opened up the wasteland, diverted water for irrigation, and planted rice, which directly solved the food supply problem of the Yu people and the water control team. At the same time, Dayu's team first treated the waterlogging area and opened a ditch to divert floods in the waterlogging area to ensure that there was no waterlogging when the flood occurred. As a result, these areas were immediately turned into fertile land. The floodplain is caused by the low embankment and caused by the flooded area, these areas as long as the embankment is heightened, the construction of flood drainage canals, can prevent flooding, therefore, these riverside areas are quickly managed by the Dayu team. With the increase of farmland and the shortage of labor, Dayu's team began to recruit displaced people from the Shennong and Yandi tribes to plant these farmlands that had been governed. In the end, Dayu's water control team reduced the inundation area of the river to a minimum by inspecting the mountain topography, dredging the river or replanning and excavating the river, so as to improve the utilization rate of the land.

In this way, the Dayu Group controls more and more land and population, and produces more and more grain, livestock and materials, which not only meet the needs of the Dayu Group, but also pay taxes to the Chinese court.

After the successful development of Chu and a complete set of experience, Dayu Group continued to concoct the same law, they governed and developed the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Jianghuai and Jiangnan region, at this time the strength of Dayu Group has far surpassed the Chinese court!

Strong branches and weak trunks will inevitably cause the tree to overturn, in order to avoid the split and war between the Chinese court and the Yu group, Di Shun will be the Chinese emperor Zen to Dayu, that is, Emperor Yu.

Di Yu was kind and kind, although Di Shun was his father's killer, but Dayu let Di Shun go and let him go to the south. Emperor Shun crossed the Yangtze River south with his cronies and guards, crossed Dongting Lake, went south along the Xiangjiang River, went to Guilin, went south along the Li River, and went south to Cangwu, the confluence of the Li River and the Yu River, and died in the wilderness. After the death of Emperor Shun, his entourage returned him and buried him in the Jiangnan Nine Doubts, that is, Lingling.

Di Shun is the eighth generation descendant of the Huaxia people to Shudi, he has heard and witnessed the folk customs of Shu and the strong ancient Yue culture since he was a child, so he has fully identified with the ancient Yue culture, and thinks that he is the ancient Yue people, because he has at least half of the pure ancient Yue blood, and he went to the south to find the roots of the Chinese nation. Perhaps he has gotten his wish, and he has left this world full of strife and cruelty peacefully and contentedly!

After Dayu took over the country of China, he continued to control the water, expand the region, develop production, and improve the country's rule. Ten years after Dayu took over the world, he patrolled the Jiangnan region to the east and died in present-day Huiji Mountain, Zhejiang.

After the death of Dayu, Dayu's son Qi, was recommended by the princes as the emperor, because Dayu's surname is Xiahou, therefore, the history called it the Xia Hou Emperor Qi, the country name is Xia, and the history is called the Xia Dynasty. Since then, the patriarchal succession system of the emperor in China's "family world" model has been opened.

After Qi became emperor, some princes rebelled, and Qi led the troops to fight in person to quell the rebellion. Subsequently, Emperor Qi inherited his father's business and continued to expand to the north, annexing other ethnic groups, including the Hexi Corridor, the Qinchuan region, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the North China Plain into the Xia Dynasty's rule.

From the very beginning, the patriarchal system of the family model determined its fate, that is, the emperors of the first dynasty won the world through hard struggle, so the previous generations of emperors knew to cherish the country, and the foundation of the country, that is, the people. However, at the end of the dynasty, the emperors of the dynasties often lived extravagantly, were corrupt and incompetent, squandered financial resources, and brutalized the people, which led to the collapse of the dynasty!

More than 3,600 years ago, due to the tyranny of Emperor Hou Xia, the princes of Kunwu rebelled against rebellion. Yin Qi's descendant Tang, Xingshi led the princes' coalition army to crusade against Kunwu. After quelling the rebellion, Tang led his army to defeat Xia Wei. After the fall of the Xia Dynasty, the princes of the world elected Tang as emperor. Because Sichuan and the Yangtze River basin area were the base of the Xia Dynasty, the Chinese culture has a strong foundation, so in order to reduce the influence of Chinese culture and establish their own ruling base, Tang led his subordinates and his own people to move to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and set the capital of Qi County, Puyang City, Henan Province, the country name Shang Yin, known as the Shang Dynasty in history.

Since the main areas of activity of the Xia Dynasty were in Sichuan and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it is certainly impossible for archaeologists to find historical evidence of the Xia Dynasty in the Yellow River Basin according to the traditional geographical concept of the Xia Dynasty.

The Shang Dynasty was the first Chinese empire to have the Central Plains of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River as its ruling center. The people of the Shang Dynasty mainly consisted of the Dongyi people, a fishing and hunting people, as well as the ancient Yue and Huaxia peoples who migrated north from the Jianghuai and Jiangnan regions.

After five or six hundred years of reform of the matrilineal clan society and religious system in the Xia Dynasty, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups have developed an attitude of conforming to nature, accepting fate, being open-minded, pragmatic, positive, and optimistic, and established the spiritual religious concept of "God will be good, the devil will be evil, the gods and demons will not tolerate, and God and people will be respected, and the devil will not be respected", and the outlook on life and values of positive life such as "life is there and death is nothing", "as long as you are happy for a while, you do not seek eternal peace", and "this life is gloomy and hard, it is better than the hell and eternal sleep". They are essentially freed from the control of mind and spirit by religious theocracy.

Historians know by reading the decipherment of the oracle bone inscriptions in Yinxu that the Shang Dynasty people were keen on human sacrifice when praying for the gifts of nature, as well as holding major sacrifices such as wars and princely funerals, and the number of human sacrifices involved in these sacrifices exceeded 10,000! This shows that the original religion of the Shang Dynasty, namely shamanism, was seriously restored, and the matriarchal social theocracy still ruled the spiritual world of the Shang Dynasty.

In the Shang Dynasty, the system and customs of the matrilineal clan society gradually transitioned to the system and customs of the patrilineal clan society, and the phenomenon of "theocracy interfering in politics" was completely eliminated in the state system, the exclusive patent system for women's rights was completely abolished, the ruler method was abolished, and the feudal hierarchical ruling system and system of emperor, king, marquis, duke, monarch, and secretary were implemented in the male way

"G" is to look, to look at wa

g means, so the original meaning of "king" is procursor and governor; In the ancient Vietnamese language, "Jun Ju."

"With" Kim Ji

The pronunciation is synonymous, so the original meaning of Jun is "noble enforcer". These significant social changes have laid a good foundation for the formation of Chinese civilization.

In 1027 B.C., the last emperor of the Shang Dynasty was corrupt and corrupt, cruel to Zhongliang, causing chaos in the world, Ji Fa, the leader of the Huaxia tribe living in the Weijing area of Qinchuan and Weijing, led the tribal army, united the princes of the world, captured the capital of Yin Shang Chaoge, and eliminated the king of Zhou and his court, at this time the Zhou Dynasty ran for 573 years.

After the fall of Shang Yin, the princes of the world embraced Ji Fa as the Son of Heaven, and then Ji Fa was proclaimed king in Qinchuan Fenghao, and divided the national land outside Gyeonggi and the royal land to the princes of the royal family surnamed Ji, as well as the nobles with different surnames, establishing the first feudal empire in Chinese history.

During the Zhou Dynasty, the imperial court attached great importance to the cultural construction of the Chinese nation, but because the intellectual elite of the Zhou Dynasty knew little about the early history of the Chinese nation, coupled with the serious differentiation of various ethnic groups in China at that time, the lack of mutual recognition, and the frequent conflicts and hatred between ethnic groups, the national concept of the Zhou Dynasty became very narrow, and they regarded the Qinchuan region and the Central Plains region as the ancestral land of the Chinese nation, which must be enjoyed and adhered to exclusively. The outside of the ancestral land are all foreign races, and the one who lives in the north of the ancestral land of China is Beidi; In the southern part of the ancestral land of China is the Nanban; In the western part of the ancestral land of China is Xirong; In the eastern part of the ancestral land of China is Dongyi. The ethnic policy of the Zhou Dynasty was to assimilate the alien race and let the alien convert to the Huaxia ethnic group, otherwise it would be an offense and challenge to the Chinese, and it must be crusaded and conquered. This kind of concept and practice inevitably led to deep contradictions and constant conflicts among all strata in the Zhou Dynasty, and the society was in a high-risk state of falling apart, acting separately, and hating each other for a long time.

According to the "Historical Records" and other historical records, the Zhou Dynasty had very limited influence on the nationalities, tribes, vassal states, and fang states in the Central Plains and its surrounding areas, and the Zhou Dynasty's rule over the Central Plains and its surrounding areas was very weak, and eventually became a puppet controlled by powerful vassal states, and the imperial court was in a state of existence in name only for a long time. Historical records record that the aristocracy and Huaxia people of the Zhou Dynasty produced agriculture and nomadism, they sometimes cultivated the land in the river area, and sometimes lived a nomadic life in the desert grassland, which shows that the middle and lower class people of the Zhou Dynasty did not care about the imperial court, they just wanted to live a good life.

In the middle and late Zhou Dynasty, the land of China entered the Warring States Period, when the Zhou Dynasty completely lost control of the country and its influence on society, and the land of China fell into the great chaos and catastrophe of the princes attacking each other.

At this time, countless vassal states and small local states appeared in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River such as the Central Plains, and in the Yangtze River basin, there were also large southern powers such as Shu, Chu, Wu and Yue that challenged the royal power of the Central Plains.

On the eve of the great chaos of the Chinese Empire, the first real sage appeared in China - Confucius!

Confucius (551 B.C. - April 11, 479 B.C.), surnamed Kong, Mingqiu, Zizhongni, was a native of Lu State (now Qufu City, Shandong Province) during the Spring and Autumn Period, and his ancestral home was Liyi of the Song Kingdom (now Xiayi County, Henan Province), a great thinker, politician and educator in ancient China, the founder of Confucianism, and the "Most Holy Teacher of Dacheng".

Confucius believed that social strife and chaos were due to the lack of moral education and norms to "abandon evil and promote good", and the lack of rules and laws that regulate all social strata and fields. Confucius's ideas were very kind and correct, but the country at that time was already like rotten wood, how could it withstand the elaborate carvings of Confucius?! Therefore, Confucius suffered setbacks and exiles all his life, although he was a Confucian all his life, but he could only live in poverty and make a miserable living!

Throughout his life, Confucius thought about etiquette and ethics, practiced morality all his life, and practiced his own ideas. He was modest, diligent and kind-hearted, he once traveled a long way to the state of Chu to visit Lao Tzu, who had served as a historian of the Zhou Dynasty, and asked him for Zhou etiquette, Lao Tzu said: "The person and the bones of the son are rotten, and his words are in his ears." Lao Tzu means that due to the age and the loss of documents, the spirit, content and form of the Zhou rites can no longer be verified, and we know that the Zhou rites have been passed down orally. Lao Tzu's deep meaning is to let Confucius think and practice etiquette and education according to the real needs of society and the country, and not be confused by the ancient law.

In his later years, Confucius devoted himself to writing books and sayings, leaving behind valuable spiritual wealth for the Chinese nation and the people of the world.

Confucius's great contribution lies in his unequivocal and comprehensive rejection of the matriarchal patriarchal system, Confucius's advocacy of benevolence and righteousness, and the moral concept of equality and human rights of "do unto others as you would have them do unto you", and Confucius was the founder of Chinese people-oriented thought; Confucius established the patriarchal system, established the superiority of male power over female power, the coordination of men and women, and the establishment of an imperial ruling system based on the principles of love for the people and the legal system, so as to fully liberate the productive forces and creativity of society; He preached and practiced moral concepts and social systems such as benevolence, honesty, loyalty, filial piety, ethics, order, and fraternity, which provided a guarantee for the stability, unity, and effective operation of society. He advocated the development of education for all, emphasizing "education without class", breaking the comprehensive monopoly of the ruling class and aristocracy on knowledge, ideology and culture, and making indelible contributions to the prosperity and development of Chinese culture. He founded the people-oriented thought that has a far-reaching impact on Chinese society, the core of the people-oriented thought is "the people are precious, the monarch is light", emphasizing that the people are the only foundation and force for the country's economic and social development, and the country must meet the basic needs of the people in terms of survival, security, participation and freedom, etc., and the people-oriented thought provides the ideological foundation for the rulers of Chinese dynasties to govern the country; Advocating peaceful development and opposing war and plunder have provided the ideological strength for the Chinese nation to avoid and reduce war.

At the same time, Confucius was the first sage to dilute and deny the concept of ghosts and gods, Confucius emphasized and practiced the correct outlook on life of "things are man-made, God rewards diligence, the way is more help, and the unrighteous is less help", opposes asking God for blessings and gifts, opposes passive waiting, slackness and laziness, and gains for nothing, and encourages people to stick to their hearts, dare to be the first, dare to take responsibility, be diligent and hardworking, work more and get more, do not ask for people, do not seek heaven.

In the era when Confucius lived, social contradictions were fierce, impetuous, and chaotic everywhere, but the harsh living environment and severe life pressure inspired people to think deeply about the causes of social disasters and work hard to save the world. Therefore, in the era, not only great thinkers and social reformers such as Confucius were produced, but also great thinkers, philosophers, jurists and military strategists such as Laozi, Mozi, Han Feizi, and Sun Tzu were born. Together, they laid the foundation of Chinese civilization and made it the first great human civilization in the world to completely break away from the mother of human primitive civilization, that is, the ancient Southeast Asian civilization. In the following chapters devoted to human thought and civilization, we will continue to discuss Chinese civilization.

In 222 B.C., the state of Qin, which was founded on the banks of the Weishui River in the Qinchuan region, established the first highly unified centralized empire in Chinese history, known as the Qin Dynasty, on the basis of conquering the Central Plains powers such as Han, Zhao, Wei, Yan, and Qi, as well as the powers in the Yangtze River basin such as Chu, Wu, and Yue.

The Qin Dynasty abolished the feudal system of princes and princes based on the patriarchal system implemented by the state since the Shang Dynasty, and established a centralized imperial system of patriarchal rule, with the emperor as the supreme ruler of the country, and the emperor under the emperor to manage national affairs and local affairs. The implementation of the county system, according to the situation of mountains and rivers and terrain barriers, as well as cultural attributes and characteristics, the country is divided into a number of counties, that is, local administrative areas, counties have a number of counties, county magistrates are appointed, evaluated, appointed and dismissed by the imperial court. In order to improve the efficiency of the country's operation and implement the national standardization system, first, "burning books and pit Confucianism", forcibly implementing cultural reforms, completely abolishing and banning books, ideas, cultures and customs that contradict national values, ideas, culture and laws, and establishing the ideological and cultural system of the Qin Dynasty; second, unify the script and abolish the vulgar characters and vulgar characters in various places; Unify the standards for the construction and operation of roads and post stations to ensure the efficient flow of information, materials and personnel within the empire; Establish operating standards and production procedures for production departments such as agriculture, animal husbandry, and handicrafts, and comprehensively improve the efficiency and quality of production departments; Establish a legal ruling system with clear rewards and punishments, strict laws, and systematic and rigorous rules, establish operational mechanisms and systems for the imperial court and local yamen, and standardize the operation, evaluation, appointment, dismissal, and rewards and punishments of the imperial court and the yamen.

The state system and ruling culture established by the Qin Dynasty have become the cultural foundation and important model for the establishment of the state system and the ruling of the country in all dynasties of China.

The Qin state was the foundation of the Qin dynasty, which arose in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, that is, around 1027 BC, and the Qin state unified China in 246 BC to establish the Qin dynasty, which was a great unification. Before the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, the Qin State had been developed for 781 years in Qinchuan, Hexi Corridor, Songpan Plateau and Sichuan, these areas were multi-ethnic mixed areas such as Huaxia, Ba, Di, Qiang, etc., from the analysis of Qin's production mode and people's living habits, the main ethnic group of Qin's State was the Di people, followed by the Huaxia and Qiang people. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Qin State was the most powerful country in terms of comprehensive strength among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, and had great influence in the Western Regions, Central Asia, the Middle East and other Western worlds

、chi

、chi

a、zhi

a, etc., these pronunciations are all their names for the state of Qin. Moreover, many northern nomads in China also call themselves Qin Qi

For example, in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the country established by Fu Jian, the leader of the Di people, was called the Qin State, that is, the former Qin, because the Di people used to be the main ethnic group of the Qin State, and in their hearts the Qin State was their motherland, and the Qiang people established the country after Fu Jian, also known as the Qin State and the Qin Dynasty, and the Qiang and Di people had deep feelings for the Qin Dynasty, but the country established by the Huaxia people would never be called Qin, because the Huaxia people believed that the Qin people were not pure Huaxia; Khitan qida during the Tang and Song dynasties

(branch of the Xianbei tribe), qida

Quick reading is qi

。 According to many factors, Qin Qi

It should be from the ancient Yue army official special service teqi

That is, the name of "Saber Prince General" evolved, and the nobles of the Qin State completely retained the culture and customs of the ancient Yue people like the Di people. Due to the characteristics of the Qin state in terms of ethnicity, culture and customs, the Qin state was able to rule the region steadily and freely for hundreds of years, and accumulated the strength to unify China.

In 206 BC, after only 16 years of rule, the Qin dynasty was shattered in a ferocious peasant revolt war.

From 206 BC to 202 BC, the leaders of the peasant uprising, Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, and Liu Bang, the king of Han, fought a large-scale war for state power. In the end, Liu Bang's group defeated Xiang Yu's group and gained the right to rule the Yellow River valley and the Yangtze River basin, and Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty with reference to the Qin Dynasty's system and legal system, creating China's second highly unified centralized empire.

The Han Dynasty was the first to establish Confucius's Confucianism as the national orthodoxy, and according to the spirit and essence of Confucianism, it established the country's cultural foundation, etiquette system, education system, moral norms, folk conventions, etc., laying the foundation for China to become a world state of etiquette.

The Han Dynasty went through the reign of the Western Han Dynasty, the New Dynasty, and the Eastern Han Dynasty, during which it lasted for 426 years. In 220 AD, the Han Dynasty perished in the midst of a great social scuffle and division in a peasant uprising.

After 426 years of turbulent and long national governance and cultural construction, China has completed the first great ethnic integration, and a new ethnic group based on the Chinese nationality and integrated the Dongyi, Guyue, Qiang, Di, Miao, Yao and other ancient ethnic groups - the Han nationality, after which the Han nationality has always been the solid foundation of the Chinese nation. Although the Han Dynasty fell, the Han Dynasty was the first court to give Chinese a sense of national awareness, pride, a sense of gain and happiness, so after the Han Dynasty, Chinese called themselves Han, of course, ethnic groups other than Han also called Chinese Han or Han.

The Han Dynasty was the first great empire in the world with a strong sense of state and nationality in all its citizens, and it was also the first civilized country to implement moral education and rule of law. The Han Dynasty cultivated the elite and backbone of the country and the nation, and the elites not only possessed the excellent virtues of "asking for the people's life", "sacrificing their lives for the country", "serving the public in the world", and "self-denial and serving the public", but also had the knowledge, skills, and ability to manage the country and defend against foreign enemies. The Han Dynasty's system and operating system for cultivating, reserving, enabling and reusing talents, as well as the legal system of the Han Dynasty, became the blueprint and basis for the imperial courts after the Han Dynasty to manage the country.

At the same time, the Han Dynasty was the first country in the world to use the national legal system to implement the patrilineal social system, the Han Dynasty law on the right of patrilineal inheritance, clan genealogy surname system, since then the Chinese have Chinese character names, with genealogy and family ancestral halls and other unique cultural marks of the patrilineal society, the Han Dynasty has played a great role in the Chinese civilization to carry on the past and the future.