Nurhachi had many wives and concubines, but there were at least ten of them, and he gave birth to sixteen sons, the eldest son and the second son were both born to Tong Jia's family.

The eldest son, Chu Ying, was very heroic, and was named "Alhatu Tumen" by Nurhachi, which was translated as "Guangluo". During the Liaoyang War, I didn't know if I was dizzy or what, but I missed the fighter because of greed for cups, and was relieved of military power by Nurhachi in anger, and the original position of the prince was also abolished and he was placed under house arrest. It is not surprising to say that Nurha is ruthless, and in the forty-third year of Wanli, he directly executed his own son, who was only thirty-six years old.

The second son, Dai Shan, as mentioned earlier, is the head of the four major Baylors, whose status is higher than that of the rest of the sons, who is sleek and old-fashioned, and because of his outstanding military achievements, he was given the name "Guying Baturu", and led the two red flags of Manchuria (the red flag and the red flag). The rest will be discussed later.

The other two noteworthy are that Mang Gurtai and Huang Taiji, who are the third and fourth beylers, are also the sons of Nurhachi, and the second bel Amin also has a large status and sits with the Khan.

After Nurhachi's death, Dai Shan could have succeeded to the throne, but he didn't think so in his heart, he himself had the two flags of Zhenghong and Red, and he also had his own political and interest groups. At a critical time, he considered the overall situation and his own ability, he knew that the current political environment was not suitable for him to sweat, and he might not have a full grasp of the political situation, so it was better to be Zhou Gong: Although Amin ranked second, his ambition was not small; Manggultai was unruly, and sometimes even argued about his status as the Great Belle; Huang Taiji has great ambitions and the idea of an emperor; Azig (son of Nurhachi) was strong and aggressive; Dolgon was young and vigorous, and he was even more reluctant to be subordinate. Dai Shan knew very well in his heart that he had only one choice: to propose to other princes, county kings, Baylor, and Beizi to support the Emperor Taiji as Khan as the Great Baylor, and to support the Great Khan in the form of the joint recommendation of the Eight and Shuo (Great) Baylor.

On September 1, the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (the 11th year of the Mandate of Heaven), Huang Taiji was in the Dazheng Palace, that is, the Khan throne, burned incense to tell the sky, and set the next year as the first year of Tiancong.

On the first day of Huang Taiji's ascension to the throne, he began to show the depth of his sinicization, and ordered the three Baylors before him to act "in the right way, in accordance with etiquette and righteousness, in friendship, and in public loyalty". The law on fugitives from the 11th year of Nurhachi's mandate has also been changed, stipulating that any act of intent to flee but not put into action is not necessarily guilty, and can be observed first; Wait until the act of escaping is complete, that is, after you have really escaped, and then start to seize, and deal with it strictly!

Two days later, it was decided that the Han people should pay the same taxes as the Jurchens, changing the previous situation in which the tax amounts of the Han and the Jurchens were different, and the Han people should also be dealt with the same as the Jurchens when they committed crimes, and they should not be biased just because they were Jurchens. In terms of taxes and justice, which are of most interest to the people, improvements have not only eased the national contradictions, but also indeed consolidated the unstable situation that they had just ascended to the throne, so that Amin, Mang Gurtai, Azig, Dolgon and others coveted the khanate in their hearts but did nothing.

In the past, during the Nurhachi period, every Han captured was in principle a slave of the Jurchens, and there was no freedom at all. The Han people engaged in farming were given a "village" for every 12 people, and the Jurchens were treated as property. This kind of practice, in the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, especially the period of the Sixteen Northern Kingdoms, has provoked an unknown number of Han uprisings that led to the weakening of the ruling foundation and even the destruction of the country, Huang Taiji in this point or the Jurchens in this point, compared with the previous minority regimes are much better, such as the Yuan Dynasty, more of the Central Plains or the Chinese territory as a colony rather than a territory, this is a huge difference in the concept of the rulers, but also will lead to a difference in the operation of the subsequent regime; The state apparatus operates very differently.

Nurhachi We know that the degree of sinicization is very high, and we can't even find too much of his Jurchen shadow in the practice of Huang Taiji, and his enthroner Shunzhi, in the follow-up policies and actions, looks like the emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty, and even when arguing about who is the best emperor, he is red-faced and red-eared when arguing with the emperor, the emperor said that it was Tang Taizong, he said it was Ming Taizu, and what is more noteworthy is that he worshiped Ming Taizu and did not slaughter the founding heroes like Zhu Yuanzhang, and made a case of the four major cases in the early Qing Dynasty, that is, he used his politics to abandon his nature.

There is another important reason why Huang Taiji treats the Han people like this, after his father Nurhachi conquered Liaoyang, Shenyang and several towns and villages in the entire Liao River Valley, the number of Han people in the conquered and controlled areas can no longer be controlled by the previous methods, and the number of Han people has become dozens of times that of the Jurchens, so he has to select Han officials, just like the northern and southern official system of the Liao State back then, saying that these millions of Han people are dealt with separately, It is no longer possible to divide the Jurchens into slavery as before.

The policy of sinicization also includes: referring to the imperial examination system of the Central Plains Dynasty, quite agreeing, as long as the Han, Mongolian and Jurchen tribes are exempted from conscription and military service, and they can also be rewarded with satin and cotton; In the follow-up, the museum was expanded into "three inner courtyards": Hongwen Academy, National History Academy, and Secretariat Academy. And from then on, those who like to use the "three-body problem", that is, Chinese, Jurchen, and Mongolian, and those who are fluent in both languages have been appointed as scholars of the "National Academy of History".

But there are still some limitations.,There are also unacceptable things in Huang Taiji, who is obsessed with sinicization.,That is, clothing and national clothing.,Among them, there is the most critical problem of braids:In the three years of Chongde, I saw that some Jurchens have changed their clothes.,Even men cut their braids.,Women wrapped their feet.,Angry: "Those who effectively dress in other countries, tie their hair and wrap their feet, punish serious crimes." ”