After Nurhachi's death, Yuan Chonghuan sent a Dusi and a lama surnamed Li to Shengjing (Shenyang) under the name of Mourning, which was actually to explore the reality of the Jin Kingdom. Huang Taiji was furious and wanted to kill the envoy, and his ministers said: "It is better to take this opportunity to send two representatives to negotiate peace, and we need to attach a letter to show our sincerity." Huang Taiji took the opinion.

In the second year, from the first month of the first year of Tiancong (the seventh year of Tomorrow Qi) to April, Huang Taiji and Yuan Chonghuan had two temptations and competitions for peace. What Huang Taiji demanded was that the Ming Dynasty government should officially list the status of Jin Khan (himself) above any courtier of the Ming Dynasty, recognize that the land of Liaodong belonged to Jin, destroy the defensive castles of Liaoxi, and give Jin a huge amount of annual coins every year (this article is very similar to the Shaoxing Collegiate Conference, Longxing Peace Conference, and Jiading Peace Conference in the Southern Song Dynasty).

The counter-condition given by Yuan Chonghuan was that Jin Guo would return the occupied Liaodong land and the captured Liaodong population at its discretion, withdraw Jin's troops in Korea, and promise not to invade Korea again.

Huang Taiji really couldn't accept the conditions given by Yuan, he did have the will for peace, but unfortunately the conditions given by Yuan were too harsh. Yuan Chonghuan's side, although he is already the governor of Liaodong, although he is high, he does not have the power to negotiate peace with Huang Taiji, and the purpose of communicating with Huang Taiji is only to buy time and quickly build the fortresses and cities needed for the battle.

The two sides fought once in the first year of Tiancong, but Huang Taiji was never able to capture Jinzhou, the Jin army attacked for seven days in a row, and the casualties were extremely tragic.

On the side of the Ming court, after hearing the news of the victory, the whole of Beijing almost boiled, calling this victory "the victory of Ningjin". The reward of Yuan's subordinates, the reward of the official, but Yuan himself was accused by Wei Zhongxian in the court of "too heavy twilight!" Yuan, a military general, was already angry, and resigned angrily. Wei Zhongxian asked Xizong to agree to his request to resign. responded to the sentence "There are traitors in the court, and generals cannot make meritorious contributions to the outside."

Fortunately, Wei Zhongxian, who invaded the government and the opposition in such a way, even had someone build a shrine for him alive, and Xizong, who was supported by him, died soon after. The enthronement was Emperor Zhuang Lie (Emperor Chongzhen), the younger brother of Xizong, who soon after ascending the throne demoted Wei Zhongxian, and he also died on the road. Yuan Chonghuan was appointed as the "right attendant of the military department". Soon after, he was promoted to "the secretary of the military department, and the right deputy capital of the imperial history, the capital of Ji Liao, and the governor of Tianjin Denglai military affairs".

After Huang Taiji returned, in order to deal with the Ming Dynasty, he went west to Chahar. Then successively sent the commander into the Great Wall twice, the purpose is not to attack the Ming Dynasty and change the dynasty, just to get the recognition of the Ming Dynasty, after the purpose failed, in the tenth year of Tiancong (Chongzhen nine years) April called the emperor, changed the name of the country to the Qing Dynasty, changed the name of the year to Chongde.

The act of becoming the emperor is more of a sign that he is no longer willing to be the Khan of the Jin State and no longer want to be a vassal of the Ming Dynasty. As for changing the name of the country to the Qing Dynasty, it also clearly expressed the willingness to replace the Ming Dynasty, if it is said that when the ambition of Huang Taiji expanded to this, it is this time. In the Book of Poetry, it is written that "Wei Qing Ji Xi", and the literal meaning of "Xi" here is "Ming". The most wonderful thing is the year name, the word "Chongde", you "Chongzhen" and I "Chongde", you advocate Zhenxiang and I advocate morality, it can be seen that I am higher than you, occupy a high place with the year name, and do a very good job here.

Since then, Huang Taiji has changed his identity, and his previous name must also be changed: after that, he slandered the Jurchens and changed his clan name to Manchuria; There are only Manchurian, Manchurian, and Manchurian characters. What's even more ridiculous is that he changed the name of his ancestor, and he doesn't know if it's inferiority or something else, for fear that others will find out the origin and roots of the Qing Dynasty royal family.

After Huang Taiji became emperor, he then attacked Ming twice, but at this time, he no longer drove the expedition in person, but sent generals to it, such as Azig, Dolgon, and Abatai. It occupied Jinzhou and Songshan successively, and also obtained Zu Dashou and Hong Chengchou.

Huang Taiji's experience of obtaining the ancestral life is indeed admirable, whether it is measurement, knowledge, and strategy, it can be called "the British master". Zu Dashou once used a cannon to run away when Nurhachi attacked Ningyuan, and when Huang Taiji attacked Ningyuan, he asked him to take 4,000 elite soldiers to raid around the rear, so that Huang Taiji had no choice but to retreat. Zu Dashou was ordered to build the river city, just halfway through, Huang Taiji sent people to attack, surrounded him, and the Ming army came to the rescue of people let Huang Taiji beat away wave by wave, Tiancong five years (Chongzhen four years) October, Huang Taiji sent people into the city to say surrender, Zu Dashou saw helpless, asked Huang Taiji to swear not to slaughter the military and civilian soldiers, Huang Taiji immediately agreed. Zu Dashou went out of the city and made the first surrender to Huang Taiji.

The next day, Huang Taiji prepared to capture Jinzhou, but unfortunately, the fog rose that day, and the Jin army could not advance. Zu Dashou applied to Huang Taiji for a willingness to lead more than 20 attachés, and the current entry into Jinzhou as an internal response, Huang Taiji was overjoyed and readily agreed.

As soon as Zu Dashou arrived in Jinzhou, he immediately closed the city gate and defended Jinzhou, Huang Taiji was helpless at the moment, and he had to lose face once on the side of the minister of the Jin Army, and the ministers laughed at him for being too naïve. Huang Taiji wrote several letters and brought them to Zu Dashou, but Zu Dashou did not reply.

Chongzhen's side, when he saw that Zu Dashou was guarding Jinzhou again, he ordered him to go back to Beijing to talk, and shouted three times, but Zu Dashou couldn't shirk it, because the incident of Yuan Chonghuan's arrest made him tremble, and now Yuan Chonghuan has been Ling Chi, and he was watching Yuan arrest at that time, he was too impressed, and he was also very afraid of Chongzhen. Fear is fear, but he is still loyal to Chongzhen.

In the next three or four years, Huang Taiji ordered people to attack Jinzhou many times, but they could not do anything. Seeing that the hard fight could not work, he changed a method, in the first year of Chongde, the six parts of the previous imitation lighting system and the Metropolitan Inspection Yuan, all used the old department of Zu Dashou as the Han Shangshu. But Zu Dashou didn't seem to understand Huang Taiji's good intentions and didn't react.

Huang Taiji told Zu Dashou: "Since the last time we met, I haven't seen you for six or seven years, I don't mind if you are loyal to the Ming Dynasty, because you are a general of the Ming Dynasty, which is understandable, but the ministers on my side say that I am ignorant of people, I hope you can meet with me, let me also have an explanation for them." If you are afraid that the Ming Dynasty, especially Chongzhen, will be suspicious of you, you might as well call a few people to accompany you. Zu Dashou still ignored it.

In March of the sixth year of Chongde, Huang Taiji ordered Jierharang to besiege Jinzhou, and there were Mongols in the besieged defenders, and there were also Mongols in the attacking army. The Mongols defending the city said to the Mongols besieging the city: "We now have three years' rations, and we are not afraid of your siege." The besieger said, "It will be no problem for us to besiege for four or five years, but what will you eat then?" The defenders of the city panicked, accepted the persuasion to surrender, and agreed with the besieging Mongols on a date to meet with the outside world.

But on that day, Zu Dashou retreated to the "sub-city" of Jinzhou City and guarded the "sub-city" for a long time. The Qing army continued to besiege, but the turning point came, and in March of the seventh year of Chongde (the fifteenth year of Chongzhen), Hong Chengchou was arrested, and Zu Dashou's younger brothers Zu Dale, Zu Daming, and Zu Dacheng were also arrested. Huang Taiji sent back Zu Daming and Zu Dacheng, and sent people to persuade them to surrender. Zu Dashou said: "I want to know that Zu Dashou is still alive before I can descend." Huang Taiji then let Zu Dale go. On the 10th day of the third month of the seventh year of Chongde, Zu Dashou went out of the city and made the second surrender to Huang Taiji, and when he arrived in Shengjing to see Huang Taiji, Huang Taiji said: "I told people that I will never kill you." The past is over, and you can do things for me with all your heart in the future. ”