Taoism was a school of thought in pre-Qin China. Representative figures include Laozi, Liezi, Zhuangzi, Shendao, Yang Zhu, etc. Taoism takes Tao, nothingness, nature, and nature as the core concepts, and believes that the way of heaven is inaction, and the Tao is natural, and accordingly proposes political and military strategies such as ruling by non-action, guarding male with female, and overcoming rigidity with softness, which have had a huge impact on the culture of China and even the world.

Taoism, a school of thought born in the pre-Qin period of China, is mainly represented by Laozi, Zhuangzi, Yang Zhu, and Shendao. He advocates that "only the Tao is followed, the Tao is natural, the Tao is self-transformed, and the Tao is born of the law". The influence on Chinese culture is second only to Confucianism.

Derivation. In the "Historical Records", "On the Essence of the Six Schools": Taoism makes people single-minded, moving and invisible, and supporting all things. It is also a technique, because of the great shun of yin and yang, the goodness of Confucianism and ink, the key to the naming law, the migration of time, the change of things, the establishment of customs, everything is appropriate, the appointment is easy to operate, and there are few things and more work. Taoism does nothing, and it is said that there is nothing to do, in fact, it is easy to do, and its words are difficult to know. Its technique is based on nothingness and is used according to the law. There is no form, there is no permanent form, so it can investigate the feelings of all things. Not for things first, not for things after, so can be the master of all things. "Hanshu Art and Literature Chronicles": Taoist flow, cover from the historian, record the success and failure, survival and misfortune, blessing and blessing of the ancient and modern ways, and then know that Bing should be the book, clear the void to self-control, humble to self-control, this gentleman in the south of the art also. It is in Yao's restraint, easy to be humble, one humble and four beneficial, which is also its strength. And those who let it go, they want to abandon etiquette, abandon benevolence and righteousness, and say that the sole purity can be cured. "Encyclopedia of China: Philosophy": One of the main philosophical schools in ancient China, it is named Taoism because of Taoism as the most profound origin in the world. Founder Lao Tzu. Its main representatives are also related to Yin, Zhuangzi, Peng Meng, Tian Piao, etc. In addition to "Laozi" and "Zhuangzi", the main works also include "Huainanzi", "Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor", "Liezi" and "Guanzi", "Neiye", "White Heart", "Xinshu Up and Down" and so on. Taoism takes the Tao as the origin of the world, and takes the role of weakness and following the Tao, and advocates the rule of non-action in politics, because the understanding of the Tao and Wuwei is different, so there are Lao Zhuang factions and Huang Lao factions internally, Lao Zhuang faction is represented by Lao Tzu, Zhuangzi, Liezi, and Huang Lao faction is represented by Peng Meng, Tian Piao, Shen Dao, Liu An, etc. Wikipedia: Taoism and Taoism are philosophical and religious traditions that emphasize living in harmony and Tao. "Dao" refers to "method", "path", or "principle", and this concept can also be found in Chinese philosophy and its ideas and religions outside of Taoism. But in Taoism and Taoism. The Tao refers to the origin and omnipresent driving force of all things. At the same time, it is subtle and difficult to understand, and the so-called "Tao is Tao, very Tao" is also.

Taoism is named after the core concept of "Tao", which was first seen in the Western Han Dynasty historian Sima Tan's "On the Essence of the Six Schools". Originally, it was also called moralist. Broadly speaking. There are six famous schools of Taoism: the Yang Zhu School, the Huang Lao School, the Peng Meng Tian Luo Shen School, the Song Yin School, the Lao Tzu Guan Yin Wenzi School, and the Lao Zhuang School. Except for the Lao Zhuang school. The Yang Zhu School, the Huang Lao School, the Peng Mengtian Luo Shen School, the Lao Tzu Guan Yin Wenzi School, and the Song Yin School all flourished for a while. The Lao Zhuang school takes the avenue as the root, nature as the company, heaven and earth as the teacher, nature as the respect, and nothing as the foundation. It advocates self-discipline, self-reliance, the unity of all things, the way of nature, away from politics, and leisure, which embodies the characteristics of "separation from use as the body", so it has become the spiritual home of literati and scholars in the past dynasties who are far away from the cruel reality. Its representative figures are Laozi, Zhuangzi, Liezi and so on. The old Huang school is based on nothingness, uses the law, adopts the goodness of Confucianism and ink, and names the essence of the law, advocates simple etiquette, inclusiveness, migration with the times, changes in things, and the law of Taoism, governing the country according to the law, deleting the complicated and simplifying, and recuperating, which embodies the characteristics of "leaving the body for use", and has become the first aid kit for the government to govern the world after the previous chaos, and it is also closely related to the prosperity of ancient China. Its representative figures are Shen Dao, Tian Piao, Huanyuan and so on. The Laozi Guan Yin Wenzi School mainly expounded the words of Lao Tzu, expounded Lao Tzu's thoughts, expounded the laws of the universe and nature, and inherited and developed the Taoist doctrine of "Tao". He advocates that those who have attained enlightenment can attain a state of non-right and wrong, and that they can transcend all relative things in their lives, thus attaining a kind of transcendent freedom. Experience the truth in nothingness. Representative figures Lao Tzu, Guan Yizi, Wenzi. The Song Yin school inherited the ideas of Lao Tzu's natural way, blended legalism and Confucianism, and took the law in the Tao as the basis for benevolence, righteousness, etiquette and pleasure, and changed the natural law into a social law linked to the law. The representative figures are Song Yu and Yin Wen. The Yang Zhu faction advocates the whole life to avoid harm, to honor oneself, to attach importance to the preservation of one's life, and to oppose the encroachment of others on oneself and against one's own encroachment on others. After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, because it was not allowed to be allowed in the world, it was annihilated. However, his idea of preserving one's life was inherited by Taoism.

Development history 1, origin: "Hanshu Yiwen Zhi" has recorded that Taoist books include "The Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor", "Yellow Emperor Ming", "Yellow Emperor Junchen", "Miscellaneous Yellow Emperor", "Li Mu", "Yiyin", "Taigong", "Xinjia", "Manzi", "Guanzi", etc., implying that Taoist thought is related to the governance of Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong, Yellow Emperor, Yiyin, Xu You, Chaofu, Yiyin, Jiang Taigong, Xinjia, Manzi, Guanzi and others. In addition, unlike Confucian culture, which originated from the Zhou culture, Daoist scholars are mostly from the Song, Chu, Qin, and Qi states, suggesting that Taoist thought is closely related to Yin Shang culture. 2. Formation: In the late Spring and Autumn Period, marked by the advent of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching, Taoist thought has been fully formed. 3. Prosperity: After Lao Tzu, during the Warring States Period, Taoism was divided into different factions, and there were six famous factions, in addition to the Lao Zhuang School, the Yang Zhu School, the Huang Lao School, the Peng Mengtian Luo Shen School, the Lao Tzu Guan Yin Wenzi School and the Song Yin School were all prosperous for a while, among which the Huang Lao School was the most prosperous. At that time, Huang Lao's thought not only became Tian Qi's governing thought, and had a huge impact on the sons through the contention of a hundred schools, but also played a certain role in the Chu State and Qin during the reign of Lü Buwei, so that at the end of the Warring States Period, a situation was formed in which Mr. Meng Wentong said that "Huang Lao alone overwhelmed a hundred schools". 4. Frustration: Before the unification of China by Qin, Lü Buwei organized people to compile the "Lü Shi Chunqiu", which was based on Taoist thought and integrated various theories. However, Qin Shi Huang, who later ruled the country, chose Legalism and burned books to pit Confucianism shortly after the unification of China, which frustrated all the schools, including Taoism. 5. Brilliant: After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, due to the destruction of long-term wars, on the basis of reflecting on the ruling thought of Qin, it began to choose Taoism as the governing thought, and created a prosperous era called "the rule of Wenjing". 6. Suppression: After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came to power, he adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion to "advocate Confucianism", and the development of Taoism was temporarily suppressed. 7. Resurrection: During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the wind of talking about Xuan rose, and Taoist thought was resurrected, but this time the focus was not on Huang Lao, but on the reinterpretation of Lao Zhuang, and formed a far-reaching Wei and Jin metaphysics. Since then, Lao Zhuang has become Taoist orthodoxy and has continued to this day. 8. Latent: After the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, although Taoist thought has repeatedly become a first-aid kit for governing the country after the chaos, and it is also the spiritual sustenance of some scholars after they are frustrated, it is in a marginal state most of the time and can only continue to play a role in literature, art, science and technology. In addition, Taoism was combined with Buddhism to form a Chinese-style Buddhism, Zen Buddhism, and Taoism played an important role in the formation of Confucianism, Song and Ming Theory and Yang Ming Psychology. 9. Revival: In the late Qing Dynasty, with the impact of the West, the Confucian ruling order was strongly impacted, and there were many similarities between Taoism and Western concepts such as freedom and democracy, so Taoism was revived again. In 1991, Mr. Dong Guangbi first put forward the concept of contemporary neo-Taoism, which was enthusiastically responded to by Chen Guying and others, and since then, new theories such as Taoism, Taoism, Heavenly Taoism, and Automatism have emerged, among which theories like Taoism have been applied and promoted in practical life. (To be continued......)