What is Epiphany?

Literally, epiphany actually means sudden realization.

Zeng Minxing's "Duxing Magazine" Volume 2: "(Yellow Valley) Shaoshengzhong, living in Fuling, first saw "Huaisu's Self-Description" in Shiyang's house. Because of borrowing it, it is close to the end of the day, and almost all the food is wasted. Since then, I have had an epiphany of the grass method, and the pen is flying. ”

Zhang Junyi had to admire the sages who created Chinese characters in ancient China, and the simple splicing of two Chinese characters together can have such a profound meaning.

Legend has it that Cangjie made Chinese characters. "Shuowen Jie Zi" records that Cangjie saw the footprints of birds and beasts and was inspired, divided into different categories, collected, sorted and used, played an important role in the process of creating Chinese characters, and was respected as a "sage of character making".

In the Shang Dynasty, the earliest known mature Chinese character oracle bone inscription appeared, and although the number of characters in the Zhong Ding inscription that appeared later increased, there was no major change in the form.

In the Zhou Dynasty, due to the vast territory and the long-term separation of the princes, the Chinese characters obviously appeared in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and the situation of the text was even more serious in the Warring States Period. After the unification of Qin, in order to consolidate the rule, Qin Shi Huang ordered Prime Minister Li Si, Zhongche Fu Ling Zhao Gao, Taishi Ling Hu Wujing, etc., to sort out the text, and formulated a small seal based on the Great Seal of Qin, which was used as a standard font and was used throughout the country. Later, according to the popular fonts of the people at that time, a simpler font was sorted out, and it was widely circulated throughout the country as a daily script.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, regular script appeared, and the evolution of Chinese characters has been perfected. Not only that, the first calligraphy monograph "Cursive Script" appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In the past, it was often said that Chinese characters began with the oracle bone inscription of the Shang Dynasty, but in fact, the oracle bone script was already a mature script, and before that, there should have been a period of development of Chinese characters from generation to maturity. Guo Moruo pointed out in "The Dialectical Development of Ancient Characters": "When did the origin of Chinese characters begin? I think this can be used as an indicator from the ancient age of the Banpo Village site in Xi'an. "The Banpo site is about 6,000 years old. "The Banpo site is a typical example of the Yangshao culture in the Neolithic Age", "There are always some simple carvings similar to words on the Banpo painted pottery, which are different from the patterns on the vessel. "Although the meaning of the inscription has not yet been clarified, it is undoubtedly a symbol of a literal nature. "It is safe to say that it is the origin of the Chinese script, or the remnant of the original Chinese script.

If this is the case, the Chinese civilization should be counted as nearly 6,000 years. When exactly did the origin of the Chinese script, when did the oldest script originate, and what meaning did they represent? There is still no consensus on the origins of the Chinese script, and it remains to be explained by a large number of materials.

Chinese characters are a combination of "form, sound, and meaning", and most Chinese characters are composed of form and sound.

The Six Books are the basic principles of Chinese character construction. The Six Books are mentioned in the "Zhou Li", but the specific content is not explained. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen elaborated on the construction principles of the "Six Books" in "Shuowen Jie Zi" [2]: pictograms, signifiers, understandings, shapes, sounds, transfers, and pretenses.

A morpheme is the smallest unit of Chinese ideology, analogous to the general term of "vocabulary" and "phrase" in English. The vast majority of Chinese characters can form morphemes on their own, such as "I", analogous to single-letter words in English, such as "I".

Nowadays, most words in the vernacular are composed of more than two Chinese characters, but unlike the relationship between "words" and "letters" in English, the meaning of morphemes is often related to the meaning of each of the Chinese characters when they form morphemes independently, so it simplifies memorization to a considerable extent. Words include morphemes and phrases formed by several morphemes.

The high efficiency of Chinese characters is reflected in the fact that hundreds of basic pictographs can be synthesized into tens of thousands of Chinese characters representing various things in the heavens and on the earth, and thousands of commonly used words can be easily combined into hundreds of thousands of words.

In ancient China, it was called "Zishu", and it was not called "Dictionary" until the advent of the "Kangxi Dictionary". The earliest Chinese dictionary is Shuowen Jie Zi compiled by Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty]. In modern times, it can be roughly divided into two categories, one is comprehensive, such as the Xinhua Dictionary, and the other is specialized, such as the Dictionary of Variant Characters. In 1915, the Chung Hwa Book Company published the Great Dictionary of China.

The three major Chinese dictionaries in the world are the "Great Chinese Dictionary" of the Chinese mainland, the "Great Chinese Dictionary" of Huaxia Taidao, and the "Great Hanhe Dictionary" of the island country. Chinese characters are the written language that records the Chinese language, which has a history of about 6,000 years and is one of the oldest written languages in the world.

The Chinese archaeological community has released a series of excavated materials related to the origin of writing earlier than the Yinxu oracle bone inscription. Jiahu carved symbols by carbon 14 physical determination, about 7762 years ago, as well as 7,000 years ago Shuangdun inscriptions, 6,000 years ago Banpo pottery symbols, more than 5,000 years ago Qingdun ruins inscriptions, Zhuangqiao tomb ruins text with words into sentences, Dawenkou pottery symbols, Yaoshun era Tao Temple ruins Zhu Wen, Xia Xu Shui Shui.

The early bone inscriptions are rich writing systems, and the later ones belong to the initial maturity stage. These archaeological discoveries may be important clues to the origin of Chinese characters, or they may be different sources of the development of various scripts.

It was not until the pottery excavated at the Dengfeng Xia cultural site in Henan Province that a more complete text was discovered. This is the earliest written language that has been confirmed by scholars to have an exact age in Japan so far.

From the ancient legend of Cangjie to the discovery of oracle bone inscriptions more than 100 years ago, generations of Chinese scholars have been working to unravel the mystery of the origin of Chinese characters.

There are five old theories about the origin of Chinese characters, namely the knotted rope theory, the Bagua theory, the Hetuluo book theory, the Cangjie character making theory, and the picture theory.

The knotted rope said: "Northern History: Wei Benji" said: The ancestors of the Northern Dynasty Wei "shooting and hunting are the industry, simplicity is the custom, simplicity is the transformation; not for the text, just carved wooden knotted rope." "Some primitive social tribes recorded large and small events such as wars, hunting, alliances, elections, celebrations, marriages, births, diseases and disasters in the form of knotted ropes before the advent of writing.

In the past, there were also scholars who ruled according to the "Zhou Yi Department of Resignation": "The ancients ruled by knotting ropes, and the saints of later generations changed it to a book deed, a hundred officials to govern, and all the people to observe." It is inferred that "writing originated from knotted ropes".

Gossip said: In the preface of Kong Anguo's "Shangshu" (which is a forgery, but the age is very ancient), it is said: "The ancients were the king of the Ku Xi clan, and they began to draw gossip and make book deeds to replace the government of the rope. ”

Hetu said: "Yi Zhi Ci Shang": The river is out of the map, Luo is out of the book, and the sage is the same. "Hetu Jade Edition": Cangjie is the emperor, the southern patrol hunting, the mountain of Yang Void, the water of Yuanhuluo, the spirit turtle negative book, Danjia Qingwen, to give it.

Unveiling the mystery of this statement, it is not difficult to find that its real core is arithmetic, which can be compared with the "Nine Palaces" algorithm. The so-called "Nine Palaces", in the case of the Wei family, is the eight trigrams plus the center, which is combined into nine, and in the eyes of the number of mathicidalists, the number of horizontal, vertical, oblique deviation, and the sum of the number is always 15.

Cangjie characters: Legend has it that Cangjie is the historian of the Yellow Emperor, the Yellow Emperor is the leader of the tribal alliance in the ancient Central Plains, because the society has entered the stage of large-scale tribal alliance, and the diplomatic affairs between the alliances are becoming more and more frequent, so it is urgent to establish a set of communication symbols shared by the alliances, so the work of collecting and sorting out the shared words is handed over to the historian Cangjie.

"Cangjie Character Theory" was popular during the Warring States period. "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period: Jun Shou" said: "Cangjie is a book, and Houji is a crop." In the Qin and Han dynasties, this legend became even more prevalent. Xu Shen's "Narrative of Saying Texts and Interpreting Words": "At the beginning of Cangjie's writing, the cover was like a pictogram. ”

Modern scholars believe that a systematic writing tool cannot be created entirely by a single person, and that Cangjie, if there is one, should be the compiler or promulgator of the text.

Picture theory: Modern scholars believe that Chinese characters really originated from primitive pictures. The graphics carved on some unearthed cultural relics are likely to be related to the text.

Some famous scholars in the previous life believe that the earliest carved symbols in China appeared at the Jiahu site in Wuyang, Henan, which has a history of more than 8,000 years.

To make a comprehensive arrangement of these original materials, so as to comb and compare some clues about the occurrence and development of Chinese characters before the Shang Dynasty writing. However, the situation is not so simple, except for the small materials of the existing Zhengzhou Mall site and the Xiaoshuangqiao site that can be directly compared with the Yinxu script, other pre-Shang symbols are scattered and scattered, and there are many missing links to each other, and most of the symbols are inconsistent with the Shang Dynasty script configuration. There are also some symbols with heavy regional colors and complex backgrounds.

The formal formation of the Chinese character system should be in the Central Plains. Chinese characters are a kind of writing system of independent origin, not dependent on any kind of foreign script and exist, but its origin is not single, after a pluralistic and long-term running-in, probably in the summer period, the ancestors in the extensive absorption, use of early symbols on the basis of experience, creatively invented the text symbol system used to record the language, in that era, the Chinese character system matured quickly.

It is reported that from the unearthed text data of archaeological excavations, Huaxia has at least in the Yuxia period has a formal text, such as archaeologists once in Shanxi Xiangfen Tao Temple site out of a flat pottery pot, found a brush Zhu Shu "Wen" character. These symbols are all basic configurations of the early writing system, but unfortunately such excavated written information is still scarce to this day.

About 6,000 years ago, the outer wall of the pottery of Yangshao cultural sites such as the Banpo site has appeared carved symbols, a total of more than 50 kinds. They are neatly planned and have a certain regularity, and have the characteristics of simple characters, which may be the germ of Chinese characters.

On the pottery of the late Dawenkou cultural site and the Liangzhu cultural site about four or five thousand years ago, it was found that there were more neat and regular graphic carvings, which were early graphic characters.

The earliest mature script found in China was once thought to be an oracle bone inscription. As far as the Yin Shang written materials are concerned, there are many types of text carriers. At that time, in addition to writing with a brush on the pamphlet, the other main means of writing were carved on tortoiseshell bones, pottery, jade, and pottery cast on bronze.

The Shang Dynasty written materials are mainly based on oracle bones and bronze ritual vessels used in Yinxu Bu, with more than 1,000 characters, but only part of the Shang Dynasty text is retained, the name is oracle bone inscription, and the unique discipline is oracle bone science.

Although the island nation has an ancient culture, the creation of its own script is quite late. For a long time, its people have used Chinese characters as a carrier for them to spread their thoughts and express their feelings, and they have called Chinese characters "real names". At the beginning of the 5th century, phonetic characters borrowed from Chinese characters called "kana" appeared in the island nation.

In the eighth century, the use of kanji to mark the Chinese pronunciation of the island was more fixed, and it was marked by the compilation of the "Manyoshu", so it was called "Manyokana". It is the basis for purely Japanese phonetic text. The final creation of the island script was done by Kibi Shinbei and Kobo Daishi.

Both of them had lived in the Tang Dynasty for a long time and had a deep study of Chinese characters. The former creates the Japanese "katakana" based on the phonetic Chinese character italics, and the latter uses the Chinese character cursive script to create the Japanese "hiragana". Although kana writing has been prevalent in the island nation since the 10th century, the use of kanji has not been abolished. To this day, there are more than 1,000 simplified Chinese characters in the island language, which has occupied an important position in the world.

So now, even if Zhang Junyi is reborn in the body of a Xiangjiang person, he has always been deeply proud of the abyss of his motherland's history, after all, what does this represent, this represents the heritage of his country.

With a deep historical and cultural heritage a few years ago, Zhang Junyi would not believe that his motherland would always be pressed by those shameless small countries.

As the saying goes, it's just a lion snort.

Well, when there is a flaw in his soul, Zhang Junyi can still think of so many words because of the word epiphany, and it is estimated that there is no one.

But this can't be blamed on Zhang Junyi, after all, no one except himself will never be until on the other side of the river, his motherland will have such a great rapid development in the next few decades, which is also the place that I am most proud of as a pure Chinese soul.

In this world, there is no one who does not want his motherland to be strong, as the saying goes, the family and the country are all over the world, where is the home without a country?

Those who want to be clear and virtuous in the world in ancient times should rule their country first, those who want to rule their country should first gather their families, those who want to gather their families should first cultivate their bodies, and those who want to cultivate their bodies should first correct their hearts...... The heart is right and then the body is cultivated, the body is cultivated and then the family is united, the family is united and then the country is governed, and the country is governed and then the world is peaceful. Abbreviated as: "Righteous self-cultivation, Qi family, ruling the country and leveling the world."

In his previous life, in fact, Zhang Junyi, as a poor dick at the bottom, did not have any understanding of the phrase 'family and country first', after all, the sky has fallen and there is a high top, and the people at the bottom of a society cannot understand the importance of the country to themselves at all.

It was not until this life that Zhang Junyi discovered the importance of the country to a Chinese people, only when the country is strong, as a businessman, he will stand up when facing different businessmen from all over the world.

In other words, in the 21st century, how could the World Cup have such a huge appeal? In addition to the charm of football itself, what is greater than that?

In his previous life, Zhang Junyi actually watched football to follow the crowd, in order to join in the fun.

It is only now in retrospect that Zhang Junyi realizes that it is due to a supreme and lofty spiritual emotion - a sense of national honor