Chapter 045 The Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee

Time flies, and it is late autumn in a blink of an eye. With the approach of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, the capital is once again lively.

In the autumn rain, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese People's Republic of China was held in Beijing from September 16 to 19, 2004.

Present at the plenary session were 194 members of the Central Committee and 152 alternate members of the Central Committee. Members of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and responsible comrades of relevant departments attended the meeting as observers.

Xiao Chen, then a 32-year-old deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, attended the National Party Congress for the first time as a member of the Central Committee.

The plenary session was presided over by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Gu Banglan, general secretary of the Central Committee, made an important speech.

The plenary session listened to and discussed Gu Banglan's work report commissioned by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and deliberated and adopted the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Strengthening the Party's Ability to Govern." Jia Lehong explained the "Decision (Discussion Draft)" to the plenary session.

The plenary session fully affirmed the work of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee since the Third Plenary Session of the 16 th CPC Central Committee. It was unanimously agreed that the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee united and led the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in the whole country, adhered to the guidance of Zheng Nanxun Theory and the important thinking of "three represents", comprehensively implemented the spirit of the party's first class and the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, conscientiously implemented the people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable scientific outlook on development, strengthened and improved the state's macroeconomic regulation and control of the economy, continued to promote reforms in all aspects, and made efforts to solve outstanding contradictions and problems in economic operation, thus maintaining the good momentum of economic and social development, and building democracy and the legal system. New progress has been made in the building of spiritual civilization and party building, and a new situation has been opened up in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

The plenary session made a comprehensive analysis of the current situation and tasks, and focused on studying a number of major issues concerning strengthening the party's ability to govern the country. They unanimously agreed that strengthening the party's ability to govern is the demand of the times and the people. In the new century and new stage, under the domestic and international conditions in which opportunities and challenges coexist, our party must vigorously strengthen its ability to govern in order to lead the people of all nationalities throughout the country to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and to fulfill the three major historical tasks of continuing to promote modernization, accomplishing the reunification of the motherland, and safeguarding world peace and promoting common development. This is a major strategic topic that has a bearing on the success or failure of the cause of socialism in China, on the future and destiny of the Chinese nation, on the life and death of the party, and on the long-term peace and stability of the country. Only by constantly resolving this issue can we ensure that our party will always become a strong core of leadership in the historical process of building socialism with special characteristics in China.

The plenary session reviewed the party's ruling history and unanimously held that over the past 55 years since the party came to power, it has united and led the people of all ethnic groups across the country to overcome all kinds of risks and challenges, and built the old China, which was fragmented, poor and backward, into a new China in which the people's living standards have generally reached a moderately prosperous level and is flourishing, and has made achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. Through arduous exploration and practice, the party has accumulated successful experience in ruling the country, mainly as follows: It is necessary to persist in keeping pace with the times in the party's guiding ideology and use the developing Marxism to guide new practice; We must persist in promoting the self-improvement of socialism and enhance the vitality and vitality of socialism; We must persist in grasping development as the party's primary task in governing and rejuvenating the country, and regard development as the key to solving all problems in China. We must persist in building the party for the public and governing for the people, and always maintain the blood ties between the party and the people; We must adhere to scientific governance, democratic governance, and law-based governance, and constantly improve the party's leadership and governance methods; We must persistently strengthen party building in the spirit of reform and constantly enhance the party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness. These main experiences are also important guiding principles for strengthening the party's ability to govern, and we must adhere to it for a long time in practice and continue to enrich and improve it.

The plenum stressed that in order to strengthen the party's ability to govern, it is necessary to adhere to the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Máo Zedong Thought, Zheng Nanxun Theory, and the important thinking of the "three represents," comprehensively implement the party's basic line, basic program, and basic experience, take maintaining the party's bloody ties with the masses of the people as the core, build a contingent of high-quality cadres as the key, focus on reforming and perfecting the party's leadership system and work mechanism, and strive to embody the spirit of the times and grasp the law on the basis of strengthening the party's grassroots organizations and the building of the ranks of party membersCreative. The overall goal is to make the party always a ruling party that builds the party to serve the public and governs for the people, a ruling party that governs scientifically, democratically, and according to law, a ruling party that seeks truth and is pragmatic, pioneering and innovative, diligent and efficient, and honest and honest, and in the final analysis, a Marxist ruling party that always fulfills the "three represents," always maintains its advanced nature, and can withstand the tests of all kinds of winds, and leads the people of all nationalities throughout the country to realize national prosperity and strength, national rejuvenation, social harmony, and people's happiness.

The plenary session defined the main tasks and various arrangements for strengthening the party's ability to govern at present and for a period of time to come. It is necessary to persistently regard development as the party's most important task in governing and rejuvenating the country, constantly improve its ability to control the socialist market economy, unswervingly grasp the central task of economic construction, adhere to the scientific outlook on development, adhere to the direction of reform of the socialist market economy, comprehensively raise the level of opening up to the outside world, and improve the system, mechanism, and mode of the party's leadership over economic work. It is necessary to uphold the organic unity of the party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to law, constantly improve the ability to develop socialist democratic politics, promote the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of socialist democracy, implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law, promote scientific and democratic decision-making, strengthen restraint and supervision over the exercise of power, and reform and improve the party's leadership mode. It is necessary to uphold the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, constantly enhance the ability to build an advanced socialist culture, strengthen the study and construction of Marxist theory, deepen the reform of the cultural system, firmly grasp the guidance of public opinion, strengthen and improve ideological and political work, and give priority to the development of education and scientific undertakings. It is necessary to persist in mobilizing all positive factors in the broadest and fullest way, constantly enhance the ability to build a harmonious socialist society, constantly enhance the creative vitality of the whole society, properly coordinate the interests of all quarters, promote the innovation of the social management system, strengthen and improve the mass work under the new situation, and maintain social stability. It is necessary to adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace, constantly enhance the ability to deal with the international situation and handle international affairs, raise the level of scientific judgment of the international situation and strategic thinking, grasp the initiative in handling international affairs, enhance the ability to interact with the international community, and resolutely safeguard national security. Closely centering on the above-mentioned tasks, the whole party should constantly study new situations, solve new problems, create new mechanisms, and increase new skills, comprehensively strengthen and improve party building, so that the party's ruling strategy will be more perfect, the ruling system will be more sophisticated, the ruling methods will be more scientific, and the ruling foundation will be more consolidated.

The plenum stressed that upholding the coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction and building a modern and regularized revolutionary army is a major strategic task of the party's governance. It is necessary to uphold the party's absolute leadership over the armed forces, and in accordance with the general requirements of being politically qualified, militarily competent, having a fine work style, maintaining strict discipline, and providing effective support, and closely centering on the two historical topics of winning wars and eradicating degeneration, we should actively promote the special military reform and preparations for military struggles in China, and strengthen the comprehensive building of the armed forces.

The plenum pointed out that maintaining the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao is a brand-new task facing the party in governing the country under the new situation. It is necessary to adhere to the principles of "one country, two systems," "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong," "Macao people governing Macao," and a high degree of autonomy, act in strict accordance with the Basic Law of the Special Administrative Region, and constantly open up a new situation in the cause of "one country, two systems." Resolving the issue of treasure islands and realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the sacred mission shouldered by the party. It is necessary to implement the basic principle of "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems" and the eight-point proposal for developing cross-strait relations and promoting the process of peaceful reunification of the motherland at the present stage, so as to advance the great cause of the motherland's reunification. We will resolutely oppose and contain the "island independence" separatist forces and unswervingly defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity.

The plenum stressed that the key to enhancing the party's ruling ability lies in strengthening party building. It is necessary to focus on strengthening the party's ability to govern and comprehensively push forward the new great project of party building. We should persist in arming the whole party with Zheng Nanxun Theory and the important thinking of the "three represents," build a contingent of high-quality cadres who are good at governing the country, build the leading bodies at all levels into strong leading collectives, and enable the party's grassroots organizations to truly become organizers, promoters, and practitioners of the important thinking of the "three represents," so as to enhance the party's unity and vitality. We should further strengthen the building of a clean and honest party style and carry out the anti-corruption struggle in depth.

The plenary session deliberated and adopted the "Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Agreeing to Comrade Jiang Enguo's Resignation from the Post of Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China" and the "Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Adjusting and Enriching the Personnel of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China."

The plenary session spoke highly of Comrade Jiang Enguo's outstanding contributions to the party, the country, and the people. Comrade Jiang Enguo is the core of the third generation of the central leadership collective in China. In the 13 years from the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th CPC Central Committee to the Party's leading position, under the very complicated international and domestic situation, the third generation of the Party's central leadership collective with Comrade Jiang Enguo as the core has held high the great banner of Zheng Nanxun's theory, adhered to the Party's basic line unswervingly, united and led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to seize the opportunity, deepen reform, expand opening up, promote development, maintain stability, and promote the cause of socialism in Huaxia to make new progress that has attracted worldwide attention. Over the past 15 years since he became chairman of the Central Military Commission, Comrade Jiang Enguo has profoundly observed and grasped the development trend of the world's new military transformation, put forward a series of new theses and new measures for strengthening the modernization of national defense and the armed forces, enriched and developed Máo Zedong Military Thought and Zheng Nanxun's thinking on army building in the new period, founded Jiang Enguo's thinking on national defense and army building, and led the modernization of national defense and the armed forces to great achievements. Comrade Jiang Enguo adhered to the Marxist ideological line, respected practice and the masses, and pooled the wisdom of the whole party to create the important thinking of the "three represents," thus realizing that our party has once again advanced with the times in its guiding ideology. The important thinking of the "three represents" is the latest achievement of the Chinese-style Marxism and the fundamental guideline for realizing the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.

The plenum decided that Gu Banglan would be appointed chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China. The plenum unanimously held that this is conducive to upholding the fundamental principle and system of the party's absolute leadership over the armed forces and to strengthening the revolutionization, modernization, and regularization of the armed forces.

The plenum decided to appoint Xu Ren as vice chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and to add Wang Wenbin, Chen Xiaoqing, Zhang Dingyuan, and Ji Anbang as members of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China.

In accordance with the provisions of the Party Constitution, the Plenum decided to replace the alternate member of the Central Committee. Mubaikeri and Wang Zhengwei are members of the Central Committee.

The plenary session deliberated and adopted the "Report of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China on the Examination of Zhu Weijun's Issue" and decided to dismiss Zhu Weijun from his post as a member of the Central Committee and expel him from the party.

The plenum called on all comrades of the party to unite more closely around the party Central Committee with Comrade Gu Banglan as the general secretary, hold high the great banner of Marxism-Leninism, Máo Zedong Thought, Zheng Nanxun Theory and the important thought of "three represents", fully implement the party's spirit, work hard with one heart and one mind, work hard, forge ahead, and lead the people of all ethnic groups across the country to make unremitting efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!

After Zhu Weijun was transferred from the post of governor of Xianglin Province to the post of secretary of the leading party group and director of the Religious Affairs Bureau of the Government Council, he has been under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and the problem was finally ascertained before the current party congress. According to inside information, during his tenure as governor of Xianglin Province, Zhu Weijun took advantage of his position to seek benefits for others, or took advantage of the convenience formed by his authority and position to seek improper benefits for others through the conduct of other state functionaries in his position, and illegally accepted property from others totaling more than 500 yuan on many occasions.

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From the 16th to the 19th, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. This high-profile meeting set a high-profile agenda -- the review of the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Strengthening the Party's Ability to Govern the Party." For the first time in the party's 83-year history, a decision was made on the capacity building of the ruling party in the form of a plenary session of the Central Committee.

Observers have pointed out that this not only shows that in the new historical period, the party's ability to govern has entered a new stage and realm, but also shows that against the background of the drastic changes in the domestic and international situation and the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way has entered a critical juncture, the issue of the ruling party's capacity building has become prominent to a point where it must be planned from a strategic height, systematically explained from the theoretical level, and comprehensively promoted from a tactical angle.

Two years ago, the Central Committee put forward the proposition of strengthening the ability to govern under the new situation, and demanded that the whole party continuously improve its ability to scientifically judge the situation, control the market economy, cope with complex situations, govern according to law, and control the overall situation. This plenary session made a more profound, more systematic and more comprehensive exposition of this proposition.

The Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee is an important political system for the Party to gather the wisdom of the whole Party on major theoretical and practical issues, unify the will and action of the whole Party, and is the ideological and political mobilization of the Chinese People's Republic of China to govern the country. Without exception, the decisions made at the plenary session of the CPC Central Committee, which bear witness to the party's history, which had a profound impact on the development and progress of China, and brought about tremendous changes in contemporary China. The reason why this plenum will take the improvement of the party's governing ability as the main agenda is because in the open environment of globalization, the ruling party's own construction must conform to the flow and law of modern political civilization, its governing method must not only meet the requirements of modern political parties, but also conform to the general laws of modern national governance, and its governing ability must meet the higher and stricter requirements of the people.

Before the convening of this plenary session, many observers held that after entering the new period, although China's comprehensive national strength has risen rapidly and the people's living standards have improved day by day, the internal and external situations it is facing are still very complicated, reform and development are extremely difficult, social contradictions are increasing, and the international environment is treacherous and changeable. All this has set higher demands on the ability of the ruling party.

Judging from the international environment, although peace and development are still the main themes in the world today, the world is still far from peaceful, and some new situations and trends worthy of attention have emerged in the international political and economic pattern. The pattern of "one superpower and many powers" has basically taken shape and will be maintained for a long time; Terrorism is still rampant, and international counter-terrorism has reached a deadlock of "the more anti-terrorism, the more terrorist"; The world economic environment is in turmoil, international oil prices are fluctuating, and the energy competition is becoming increasingly fierce. The world's science and technology are still developing rapidly, and the competition for talent is intensifying,......。 China's development is faced with the challenge and test of how to scientifically judge the international situation and make scientific decisions on its own development path.

Judging from the domestic situation, in the course of China's reform and opening up in depth, some rigid and dogmatic theories and some outdated ideological concepts are still seriously shackling people's hands and feet. How to keep pace with the times ideologically and theoretically, guide the innovative practice of all the people with innovative theories, and constantly open up a new situation in the cause of socialism in China is an arduous task facing the comrades of the whole party.

In the process of China's reform and opening up to a deeper and broader field, new deep-seated contradictions and problems have emerged one after another, and even in a concentrated manner, they have become entangled with the old contradictions and problems that have not yet been resolved, forming one big ditch and biggest obstacle in the construction of China's market economy, which has put forward new tests and challenges for the party to control the socialist market economy.

China's socialist democracy still needs to be further developed and perfected, and the party's consciousness of ruling according to law needs to be further enhanced, and how to correctly handle the relationship between the party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to law, and how to reform and improve the party's leadership and ruling methods in accordance with the party's principle of controlling the overall situation and coordinating all parties, is an urgent task.

In the ideological and cultural field, there has been a massive influx of various ideologies and cultures from abroad, and the mainstream ideology has been severely challenged. The profound changes in the social and economic structure and the pattern of interests brought about by the reform have made satisfying the spiritual and cultural needs of various social groups a topic of the times. The development of the socialist market economy has had a multifaceted impact on the allocation, utilization, and social effects of ideological and cultural resources, and people's right to enjoy cultural resources has begun to be linked with the operation of the market economy, and they have become more autonomous. The existing cultural system is not compatible with the needs of cultural development, and the cultural industry is backward. This brand-new environment of time and space has posed unprecedented challenges and tests to the party on how to grasp the direction of progress of advanced culture.

At the same time, in the work of land contracting, land requisition, urban demolition and relocation, resettlement of laid-off and unemployed workers from enterprises, and protection of the rights and interests of peasant workers, the problem of safeguarding the interests of the masses is very conspicuous; the work style of some party and government functional departments and law enforcement organs is simple and rude, and there are a large number of negative factors that affect the political situation of stability and unity and the harmonious and stable social atmosphere. The task of building a harmonious socialist society is very arduous.

The decision made at this plenary session is very rich in connotation, and it comprehensively expounds our party's governing philosophy, ruling foundation, governing strategy, governing system, governing methods, governing resources, and governing environment. Reflecting the practice of China's reform and development, there are many observations worth noting:

The decision of this plenary session is another important achievement of the party in theoretical innovation. Theoretical innovation is precisely the proper meaning of comprehensively strengthening the ability to govern. Theory and program are the guiding principles for the ruling party's actions and the banner for rallying the party's heart and winning the hearts of the people. The conservatism of theory will inevitably lead to stagnation in practice. In order for the party to always maintain the mental state of advancing with the times, it is necessary to continuously promote theoretical innovation in accordance with the requirements of practice. Only when all the party's work embodies the spirit of the times, grasps the law, and is full of creativity can we ensure that the party always marches in the forefront of the times and consolidate and strengthen the ideological foundation for the party's governance.

The plenary session scientifically summed up how to control the socialist market economy. Combining socialism with the market economy and establishing a socialist market economic system with Chinese characteristics is a major initiative of the Chinese people. Although the market economy is the only way toward economic prosperity, it is "full of thorns and traps," and integrating it with the socialist system in China requires tremendous theoretical courage and innovation ability, and to control it scientifically, it is necessary to correctly handle a series of complex relationships and solve many deep-seated problems in practice. This requires a high degree of political wisdom and skillful cào skill.

Developing socialist democracy and persisting in ruling according to law is an important aspect of testing the party's ability to govern. Analysts have pointed out that at present and in the future, the focus of efforts in developing socialist democracy is to promote the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of socialist democracy. And in formulating and implementing such systems, norms, and procedures, can we really follow Zheng Nanxun's requirements, and not change because of the change of leaders, and not because of the change of leaders' views and attention? It remains to be tested by practice and time. Ruling according to law is not only a universal law for the development of party politics in modern countries, but also the basic way for China to govern under the new historical conditions. Whether or not leading cadres at all levels can enhance their ability to handle affairs according to law and take the lead in safeguarding the authority of the Constitution and laws. How the party's activities can enter the orbit of the state's legal system, how the improvement of the party's ruling ability can be carried out on the track of the legal system, whether it can broaden and improve the channels of supervision, consciously accept the restraint and supervision of the exercise of power, including intra-party supervision, administrative supervision, mass supervision, and public opinion supervision, vigorously refrain from using large-scale political campaigns and political mobilization to implement government decrees and measures, and avoid disorderly and húnluàn in the exercise of power; these are not only the requirements of the times, but also one of the themes of the party's ability to govern.

Consistently grasping the direction of progress of advanced socialist culture is a brand-new task for strengthening the party's ability to govern. Culture is the deep support of a country's comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness. At present, in the global and information age, Chinese and foreign cultures are undergoing unprecedented exchanges and collisions, and the traditional culture of China has undergone a huge impact on Western culture in a strong position. Inheriting the tradition, carrying forward the past and forging ahead into the future, and developing the new socialist culture of Huaxia are in a worrisome predicament. Under such a complicated situation, how the party can grasp the direction of the advance of the advanced culture and lead the people of the whole country to vigorously develop a national, scientific, and popular socialist culture that is oriented to modernization, the world, and the future is a concrete test of the party's ruling ability.

Integrating society and building a harmonious socialist society is a new requirement for the party's ability to govern in the development of Chinese society during the transition period. With the development of the market economy and the deepening of economic and social transformation, the original pattern of interests in China is undergoing profound adjustment and differentiation, and some new social strata and increasingly diversified interests have emerged. There have been some intricate conflicts of interests between different interest subjects, and as a result, some new contradictions and problems have emerged, and some prominent contradictions and potential hidden dangers that affect social harmony and political stability have emerged. How to coordinate social interests, integrate social resources, maintain social stability, take into account the interests of all social strata, expand the mass base of the ruling party as much as possible, and form a society in which all the people can do their best and get what they want, and live in harmony has naturally become one of the important contents of this plenary session.

When the National Bureau of Statistics released its 2004 annual statistical report, Xiao Chen, the youngest member of the Central Committee in the history of the Chinese People's Republic after the founding of the People's Republic of China, was blocked by a large number of reporters at the gate of the National Development and Reform Commission because he was in charge of development planning and participated in the formulation of macroeconomic control policies in 2004. Subsequently, Xiao Chen simply accepted the interview calmly.

The reporter who came out first asked: "Looking back on China's economy in 2004, what people have heard the most and talked about the most is "macroeconomic regulation and control". ”

Xiao Chen: "Under the conditions of market economy, the main role of macroeconomic regulation and control is to make up for market defects and iron out the economic fluctuations. To measure the success of macroeconomic regulation and control, we should look at two aspects at the same time: first, whether the unstable and unhealthy factors in economic development have been inhibited and whether major economic ups and downs have been avoided; Second, we should see whether the economic fundamentals have been hurt and whether the economy has maintained rapid and sound development. It now appears that the results on both fronts have been clear. ”

Another reporter asked: "Judging from the relevant figures released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the growth of the national economy in 2004 is encouraging: GDP grew by 9.5 percent; fiscal revenue increased by 21.4 percent; the profits of industrial enterprises above designated size exceeded 1 trillion yuan, an increase of 38.1 percent; foreign trade imports and exports exceeded $1 trillion, an increase of 35.7 percent; and the income of urban and rural residents increased by a large margin, especially the per capita net income of peasants increased by 6.8 percent, the fastest growth since 1997, which is all the more encouraging. Can you summarize in numbers the effectiveness of macroeconomic regulation in curbing unstable and unhealthy factors? ”

Xiao Chen smiled slightly: "If you talk about numbers, you can summarize them from the following aspects: First, there has been an important turning point in grain production. In 2004, the sown area of grain increased by about 2 percent over the previous year, reversing the trend of declining for five consecutive years. The total grain output increased by 38.75 billion kilograms over the previous year, which was the largest increase in output since the founding of New China. Second, the momentum of excessively rapid growth in fixed asset investment has been curbed. In 2004, the total investment in fixed assets was 7,007.3 billion yuan, an increase of 25.8 percent, down 17.2 percentage points from the first quarter. Third, the growth of money and credit has slowed down. In 2004, broad money M2 and narrow money M1 grew by 14.6 percent and 13.6 percent respectively, five and 5.1 percentage points lower than the previous year, respectively, and RMB loans increased by 2.26 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of more than 480 billion yuan. While controlling the total amount of credit, the credit structure has also improved in accordance with the principle of maintaining pressure while maintaining pressure.

In 2004, the national economy continued to maintain a good momentum of relatively rapid growth, relatively good economic returns, and relatively strong vitality, and the conspicuous contradictions and problems in economic operation were also alleviated. ”

A Hong Kong reporter took the microphone and asked: "Now that the conspicuous contradictions and problems in economic life have been alleviated and the national economy has maintained relatively rapid growth, has macroeconomic regulation and control fulfilled its historical mission?" ”

Xiao Chen laughed: "'The revolution has not yet succeeded, and comrades still need to work hard. The results achieved in macroeconomic regulation and control are still preliminary and phased, and we should not be blindly optimistic.

In 2005, China's economic development still faced many difficulties and challenges. From an international point of view, there are three issues that have a great impact on the stable development of the world economy and also increase the uncertainty of the external environment for China's economic development: First, local wars and regional conflicts occur frequently; second, the high level of international oil prices; Third, the US dollar exchange rate continued to fall. In addition, international trade protectionism has been further strengthened, and restrictive measures against China's export commodities have increased, making it more difficult for China to expand its exports.

Domestically, the contradictions and problems existing in economic life are still very conspicuous: First, it is more difficult to further increase grain output and peasants' income; Second, the scale of fixed asset investment under construction is still large, there are many new projects, and the expansion of investment demand is likely to rebound; Third, the contradiction between resource and environmental constraints is becoming increasingly prominent, and coal, power and oil transportation are still quite tense; Fourth, the prices of means of production continued to rise, and the overall price level increased under great pressure; Fifth, social contradictions such as high employment pressure and unfair income distribution cannot be ignored; Sixth, deep-seated problems in economic and social development, such as imperfect systems, irrational structures, and extensive growth patterns, have not been fundamentally resolved. At present, macroeconomic regulation and control is still in a critical period, and a slight relaxation may lead to repetition, or even the abandonment of previous achievements. ”

The Xinhua News Agency reporter's questions were all pertinent, or they were suspected of being professionally praised: "The Central Economic Work Conference has already proposed that we should continue to strengthen and improve macroeconomic regulation and control this year. ”

Of course, Xiao Chen couldn't say badly, so he continued to smile and said: "The most important thing is to implement a prudent fiscal policy and monetary policy, control the 'two gates' of credit and land, continue to do a good job in the coordination and cooperation of credit policy, land policy and industrial policy, focus on controlling the excessive growth of fixed asset investment, and effectively prevent the rebound of investment in some blindly expanding industries." We should pay more attention to adhering to the principle of differential treatment and maintaining pressure while there is pressure, and grasp the intensity and focus of regulation and control in light of changes in the economic situation. In accordance with the requirements of promoting structural adjustment and realizing the 'five overall plans,' we should make good arrangements for budgetary funds and long-term construction of treasury bonds, and strengthen the weak links in economic and social development.

In 2005, although China's economic development faced many difficulties and challenges, the domestic and foreign environment was generally favorable. So long as we conscientiously implement the principles and policies set by the central authorities, comprehensively implement the scientific outlook on development, and further consolidate and develop the achievements of macroeconomic regulation and control, the national economy will certainly continue to maintain a momentum of steady and relatively rapid growth this year. ”

Another Hong Kong reporter: "Looking back, the controversy has always accompanied this macroeconomic regulation and control, and it can be said that the understanding of this macroeconomic regulation and control is greater than that of previous macroeconomic regulation and control debates. Although there is a gradual convergence of understanding, there are still many divergent views. What do you think is the reason for this? ”

Xiao Chen was a little more serious and said: "Objectively speaking, the main thing is that the object of people's understanding, that is, the economic operation itself, is much more complex than in the past; At the same time, this macroeconomic regulation and control was put forward at a time when unhealthy and unstable factors were still in the early stages of economic operation, and this was relatively difficult than unifying the understanding after the contradictions had fully erupted. Subjectively, it is related to the different amount of information people have, the different thinking frameworks for analyzing problems, and the different positions and angles they are in. ”

The reporter refused to hand over the microphone and continued to ask: "The biggest issue in debate is the understanding of the necessity of this macroeconomic regulation and control. There is a viewpoint that now that the degree of marketization is relatively high, and some problems arise in economic life, the market will automatically adjust and there is no need for the government to take the initiative to regulate and control. Therefore, what do you think of the fact that this macroeconomic control is an overreaction of the government? ”

Xiao Chen replied: "The question of whether this macroeconomic regulation and control is necessary should be analyzed from both theoretical and practical aspects.

From a theoretical point of view, strengthening and improving macroeconomic regulation and control is an inherent part of the topic of developing the socialist market economy. 'The basic role of the market in the allocation of resources' and 'the state's macroeconomic regulation and control' are intrinsically unified and mutually reinforcing, and together constitute the essential content of the socialist market economic system.

From a practical point of view, some contradictions and problems that have gradually become apparent in economic operation show that the time has come when it is imperative to strengthen macroeconomic regulation and control. Since 2003, there have been some unstable and unhealthy factors in the rapid growth of China's economy, the most prominent of which are two problems: First, the food problem. The sown area of grain has been decreasing for five consecutive years, and grain output has continued to decline. The second is the issue of investment. Investment in fixed assets has grown too sharply, and investment in some industries and regions has been over-expanded. What is more serious is that the total volume has not improved at the same time as the total volume has expanded. Not only have the closed small steel mills resumed production, but also a number of new projects with high resource consumption, low technical level and serious pollution have been launched.

Historical experience has proven many times that when a sharp decline in grain output and an expansion in investment demand meet, economic operation will be 'bōlan'. This time was no exception. Investment inflation is a chronic disease of China's economic development. Due to the excessive growth of investment, some contradictions and problems in economic operation have been further highlighted, which has contributed to the excessive expansion of credit scale, which in turn has promoted faster growth of investment. It has exacerbated the tension of coal, electricity and oil transportation, and made the economic operation more tight; This has boosted the price of basic products and increased the pressure on the overall price level. If we do not take targeted regulation and control measures in a timely manner, and allow these unstable and unhealthy factors to develop, they will eventually lead to great economic ups and downs, and the long-awaited and hard-won good situation may be reversed. If this happens, it will take longer for the economy to recover and pay a greater price. ”

This reporter seems to have been hooked, and he will continue to ask: "Some people say that the handling of 'iron capital' in this macroeconomic regulation and control is 'suppressing the private economy', what do you think?" ”

The wording of this kind of question must be accurate, so Xiao Chen sank slightly, and then replied: "This macroeconomic regulation and control is not based on ownership, but insists on treating everyone equally and acting in accordance with the law. The investigation and punishment of 'Tieben' is not because it is a private enterprise, but because it has seriously violated laws and regulations in land management, environmental assessment, bank credit and tax payment. In this round of macroeconomic regulation and control, we have unswervingly adhered to the principle of encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector of the economy, and the private economy has maintained a relatively rapid development. For example, in 2004, the investment of SĪ-operated enterprises increased by 47.9 percent, 22.1 percentage points higher than the national average, and the proportion of total investment increased by 1.3 percentage points over the previous year, and the foreign trade exports of SĪ enterprises increased by 68.6 percent, 33.2 percentage points higher than the national average, and the proportion increased by 3.3 percentage points. In the course of this macroeconomic regulation and control, many private entrepreneurs have further clarified their development ideas and chosen the key points of development. For example, Lu Guanqiu of Jiangnan Wanxiang Group said with deep feelings: "Macro-control guides us to accelerate the establishment of a scientific outlook on development, so that the enterprise can develop quickly and steadily." I think that's kind of a representative idea. ”

Another reporter who seemed to be more concerned about Xiao Chen grabbed the microphone and asked: "Another issue that has been debated a lot is about the method of macroeconomic regulation and control. You have said that this macro control is a 'combination boxing', please give a detailed introduction to the various 'tricks' of the 'combination boxing'. ”

Xiao Chen laughed: "For this macroeconomic regulation and control, the central government has been very clear from the beginning, mainly using economic and legal means, supplemented by necessary administrative means, and playing a 'combination of punches'. For example, in order to reverse the trend of declining grain production, the state has not resumed the directive plan for grain planting and purchase, and has forced peasants to grow and sell grain, but has implemented such financial means as direct subsidies to grain and peasants, subsidies for improved seeds, and subsidies for agricultural machinery, and in particular, the policy of minimum purchase prices for some grain varieties has been implemented, and price signals have been used to guide peasants to increase grain production. In order to control the excessively rapid growth of fixed asset investment, it did not mainly rely on strengthening project approvals, but mainly relied on the 'two gates' of credit and land. In terms of credit, China has used a variety of monetary policy tools to rationally control the total scale of credit, adjusted the reserve requirement ratio twice, raised the interest rates on deposits and loans, and expanded the floating range of interest rates. In the area of land, it is mainly by legal means to carry out the clean-up and rectification of development zones and land markets in accordance with the provisions of the "Land Law" and to investigate and deal with violations of law and discipline. For some industries with blind investment and excessive expansion, strict market access standards have increased the capital ratio of construction projects.

Of course, while mainly economic and legal means are used, some necessary administrative means are also adopted. In adopting the necessary administrative means, great attention should be paid to administering according to law, and close coordination with economic means. ”

This reporter not only pays attention to Xiao Chen, but also seems to be relatively protective of Xiao Chen, he continued Xiao Chen's words: "It seems that it is the power of 'combination boxing' that has lowered the temperature of fixed asset investment?" ”

Xiao Chen said with a smile: "In fact, what is more fruitful and far-reaching than the decline in the growth rate of fixed asset investment by a few percentage points is that the strengthening and improvement of macroeconomic regulation and control this time is a major practice of implementing the scientific outlook on development that is people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable, which not only maintains steady and rapid economic development and avoids a major ups and downs in economic development, but also deepens the understanding of the whole party comrades on the scientific outlook on development." This kind of ideological harvest will have a far-reaching impact on us to clarify our development ideas and use the scientific outlook on development to guide our future practice. ”

What should be through lù is all through lù, and what should be shown is also indicated, Xiao Chen glanced at Zhou Lin slightly, Zhou Lin immediately ordered the staff around him, began to separate reporters, and explained to the reporters: Director Xiao still has a meeting to attend, and today's interview is here......

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