ps: The family is derived from the surname, the surname is produced in the primitive clan society, several clans form a primitive tribe, and the clans in the tribe exist again. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 At the same time, there is a close marital connection between the clans, and the surname comes into being as a specific symbol to identify and distinguish the clans. It can be inferred that as early as the matrilineal clan period, the surname has been formed, which is determined by the status of women in the matriarchal society, and its role is to facilitate intermarriage and identify the belonging of future generations.

2. Continue the inheritance

The family is the best form of succession for future generations. In the folk, the inheritance of the family and the continuation of the incense is the most important thing, and this is the continuation of the family and the inheritance of culture.

(3) Culture

1. Surname culture

The family is derived from the surname, the surname is produced in the primitive clan society, several clans form a primitive tribe, and each clan in the tribe exists. At the same time, there are close marital ties between the clans, and the surname came into being as a specific marker to identify and distinguish the clans. It can be inferred that as early as the matrilineal clan period, the surname has been formed, which is determined by the status of women in the matriarchal society, and its role is to facilitate intermarriage and identify the belonging of future generations.

2. Genealogical culture

In many genealogies, there are extremely detailed information on the family system, such as the organizational system of the family, the management of the family's property, and the family's relief methods, which provide us with rich information for studying the status, role, organizational form, and management methods of the family in ancient society. The central part of the family tree is the lineage of the family population, and in the "Fang Pai Map", "Tribal Distribution Map", "Migration Map", "Ancestral Examination", "Lineage Map" and some prefaces of the family tree, the number, migration, distribution, marital status and other information of the family population are recorded. Available for demographic researchers.

In addition, family culture also includes family etiquette, family titles, family customs, etc.

3. Ancient Chinese surnames

(1) The eight surnames of antiquity

Jiang, Ji, Yao, Ying, Ji, Fei, Pregnancy, Concubine.

Surname. Originating from a matrilineal society, the same surname indicates the blood relationship of the same matrilineal. Therefore. The eight surnames of ancient times, all from the side of "female", indicate that this is a group of clans passed down by some different grandmothers.

Another saying is: Ji, Jiang, Fei, Ji, Ying, Yao, Yu, Yao.

Ying originated from Shaohao Jin Tianshi

Jiang originated from the Yandi Shennong clan

Ji and Yao are of the same origin, both of which originated from the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan

The concubine and Yao are of the same origin, both of which originated from Dishun

Hi originated from Dayu

The concubine originated from the Emperor Gaoxin

Ji surname - the Zhou royal family and Lu, Jin, Zheng, Wei, Yan, Yu, Yu, Wu, Sui, Ba and other feudal states

Jiang surname - Qi, Shen, Lü, Xu and other countries

Ying surname - Qin, Xu and other countries

Mi surname - Chu State

The surname of the child - the Song State of the descendants of the Yin people

The surname - the Yue country of the descendants of the Xia people

Concubine surname - Chen Guo, a descendant of the legendary Yu Shun

(2) Gongsun's surname

The surname Gongsun, a Chinese compound surname, is said to have originated in the ancient Chinese era of China 5,000 years ago, and is one of the oldest surnames in China. The total population of mainland China and Taiwan Province is not included in the top 300 of the hundred family surnames, and it is ranked as the 429th gate valve in the Song edition of the "Hundred Family Names". Spring and Autumn period. Princes of all countries, regardless of their titles, like to be called dukes. According to the system of the Zhou Dynasty, the monarch was generally succeeded by the eldest son, who was called the crown prince before the throne, and the other sons were called Gongzi, and the sons of Gongzi were called Gongsun. Many of their descendants took Gongsun as their surname, so Gongsun was not the descendant of one family or one surname. "Tongzhi" contains: 'Gongsun clan, the grandson of the princes in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is also thought that the clan, called the Gongsun clan, is called a nobleman. Or with the Yellow Emperor's surname Gongsun, because he thought it was a clan. ”

headstream

The surname Gongsun (gongsun 公grandson) has a wide origin. Sources are:

Source stream one

Originated from the identity, from the descendants of the princes and royal families of the two weeks, and belonged to the noble title as the clan. Spring and Autumn period. Regardless of the size of the title, many princes of various countries are called "dukes". According to the ceremonial system of the Zhou Dynasty. The monarch is generally succeeded by the eldest son, who is called the crown prince before ascending the throne. The other sons are called Gongzi, and the sons of Gongzi are called Gongsun. Among the descendants of these Gongsun, many of them are called Gongsun by the identity of the person who takes "Gongsun" as their surname, and therefore Gongsun is not the descendant of one family and one surname.

Source stream two

From the surname Ji, the descendants of the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan have the Gongsun family. The first appearance of the Gongsun clan was in antiquity. According to the "History of the Road": "Shennong has the same mother and brother, the heir of the Shaodian monarch, the prince of the world, and later the surname of Gongsun. Emperor Xuanyuan was originally named Gongsun, and later changed to Ji. "Of all his descendants, some of them have the surname Gongsun and are called Gongsun. In the Spring and Autumn Period, most of the princes from various countries like to be called "Gong". Under the system at that time, the monarch would be inherited by the eldest son of the monarch's line. Before officially ascending the throne, he should first be made a prince, and the other sons will be called Gongzi, and the sons of the princes are also Gongzi, and the sons of Gongzi are Gongsun. The descendants of these grandchildren changed their surnames to Gongsun in order to highlight the royal lineage of their ancestors. In this way, Gongsun was widely spread as an honor of a surname. At this time, the origin of its surname is varied, and so on. Therefore, the ancestor of the Gongsun clan was the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan.

This is recorded in the historical book "Guangyun": "After the ancient feudal princes, they all called themselves grandsons, so their surnames are many, and they are not a family. According to the historical book "Tongzhi", it is recorded: "Gongsun clan, the grandson of the princes in the Spring and Autumn Period, also thought that the clan, called Gongsun clan, are all nobles." Or the Yellow Emperor's surname is Gongsun, because he thinks it is a clan. ”

(3) Compound surname

There are three concepts of compound surnames:

1. Last name

It may be derived from the surnames Ying, Jiang, and Zi, such as Fuzhong Weng, the teacher of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty in the Western Han Dynasty.

2. Returning to the Ancestors

A person who changes to another person's surname due to adoption, adoption, or other relationships, and later returns to his or her ancestral line, and requests to restore his or her original surname, is called a reinstatement.

3. A surname consisting of two or more Chinese characters

A compound surname refers to a surname composed of two or more Chinese characters, such as Ouyang, Shangguan, Sima, Gongsun, and Zhuge .

(4) The origin of the surname

1. Originated from the surname Ying

The first origin: from the surname Ying, from the seventh generation of the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan's Bo Peng, belonging to the name of the feudal or the name of the country.

According to historical records, the eighteenth generation of the Shaodian clan and the seventh generation of the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan clan have Bo Peng. Bo Fei can tame birds and beasts, know his words, and do things in summer. At the beginning, it was taken from Yingwei, which was for Ying's, Ying's, and Shan's (Gao Gaiying) family, and received the soap Yuanyu with merit, and his wife was Yao's daughter, and he was sealed in Fei, which was a big fee; gave birth to three children: Dalian, Ruomu, and Encheng. Xia Qi, a big incorruptible matter, was later divided into the Bird Vulgar Clan, the Lu Vulgar Clan, and the descendants had Meng Qi and Zhong Yan. Meng loss can describe Bo Peng's performance, sealed in Xiao, is for Xiao Meng's loss. The Xia Dynasty declined, Xiao Meng lost and Fengdao followed. Zhong Yan was subordinate to Shang Darong, and his descendant was called Rong Xu Xuan, married to the Lishan clan, and gave birth to Zhong Yan. Zhong Wei was born to a virgin father, and his virgin father is good at walking, which is for Fei Lian. The virgin father gave birth to two sons: Yue Ge and Ji Sheng. Revolution is evil, and the king of the matter is killed by King Wu of Zhou. After the surname Ying, it was divided into Tan's, Ning's, Zi's, Pu's, Shen's, Geng's, Tan's, Gu's, Ba's, Fu's, Jiang's, Huang's, Hu's, Xian's, Shi's, Elk's, Bai's, Ge's, and Qi's, all of which were surnamed Ying.

Among the feudal states of the Ying family: Jiang, Huang, Hu, Xian, Shi, Lu, Fu, Bai, and Qi were all destroyed in Chu, Tan, Yue, Xu, Xu, and Xu, and were destroyed in Kui. During the Shang Dynasty, Ji Sheng, the fourth-generation descendant of Bo Peng, was sealed in Fuyang, founded the country as the Hou State, and was located in Huyang Lexiang (now Huyang Township, Anhui Province) during the Han Dynasty. However, Huai water and Lishui have the same origin, the west flow is Li, and the east flow is Huai. The undercurrent underground, thirty miles, east out of the Tongbai of the big complex mountain south, called the Yangkou. Shuinan is Fuyang County. Kan said Fuyang County, Huyang Le Township. Emperor Yuan Yan two years placed, in Tongbai Dafu Mountain Yang, so it is called Fuyang also. "During the Tang Dynasty, Huyang moved to Huyang Town, Tanghe, Henan. The descendants of Ji Sheng after being destroyed by the Chu State have their surnames after their hometowns, called Fu and Yang. Since then, China has had a single surname "Fu". (To be continued.) )

...

...