Wei Ziheng quietly pushed Wang Xu's room open and said, "What are you doing?" ”

Wang Xu opened his eyes, as if he was thinking about something, when he saw Wei Ziheng, he couldn't help but stand up when he arrived, greeted him with a smile and said, "It's just a rest, I don't know, do you have anything to do with me?" ”

"Didn't you say you were going to take part in the controversy between the princes? I'm just interested in discussing this with you, I wonder if you're interested? Wei Ziheng walked into the room, sat down, and directly indicated his intention.

Wang Xu first smiled, and then said in disbelief: "This is not like you!" Haven't you always felt that there are no constructive ideas at my age? ”

Wei Ziheng invited Wang Xu to sit at the table, as if he was about to talk in detail: "I haven't said anything like this, I asked you before, and you didn't answer me." ”

Wang Xu sorted out his clothes and said seriously: "Even so, we might as well discuss it." Tell us what you're going to talk about! ”

Wei Ziheng directly drew a few strokes in the air and said: "You and I are both scholars, and we have understood and read some of the classic philosophies of the ancestors. What is the purpose of its existence? Or how do you understand this world? ”

Wang Xu's eyes changed slightly, and he said, "Do you want to discuss these Great Dao philosophies?" Or are you interested in these issues? Don't say I haven't reminded you of this kind of problem, and don't discuss it lightly, because you and I are both young people. ”

Wei Ziheng said solemnly: "It's not as lofty as I imagined, it's just that I read some things today, I think it's very interesting, I have my own opinions, but I'm not sure if this idea is correct, so I'll discuss it with you."

It's about the sophistication of human feelings, and the norms for people to do things. ”

"I don't know where you want to understand?" Wang Xu asked.

Wei Ziheng waved his hand and said, "Whatever, you might as well tell me your opinion." Although it sounds a bit general. ”

Wang Xu thought for a while, and finally gave such an answer: "Since you have said this, I also need to explain that in my cognition, people do not need too many constraints at all, or rules, such as the kind of lofty ideas mentioned by Taoism and Confucianism, and the spiritual realm that people have reached, after all, it is a minority, for the majority of people, in this society, they should know how to be flexible and adaptable, rather than let themselves be separated from society."

Whether it is human beings or society, after all, people are a part of society, and society is a collection of people. The two are interrelated and mutually influential, and no matter what slight changes occur on either side, it will affect the overall situation, after all, put it in the perspective of us readers, looking at all issues. Everyone will get a different answer. ”

Wei Ziheng said with great interest: "Then what do you think of the Confucian idea of benevolence?" Tell me what you think about it. ”

Wang Xu suddenly seemed to be very interested, paused and said: "This is not a secret, although I don't think much about it, but I always feel that there is something wrong with other people's thoughts."

First of all, in Confucianism, Confucius regarded "benevolence" as the highest moral principle, moral standard and moral realm. He was the first to integrate the overall moral norms into one, forming an ethical ideological structure with "benevolence" as the core, which includes filial piety, loyalty, forgiveness, courtesy, knowledge, courage, courtesy, generosity, faithfulness, sensitivity, and benevolence. Among them, filial piety is the foundation of benevolence and one of the basic pillars of the ideological system of benevolence.

But the ideas are a well-guarded system that seems to require everyone in the world to learn in this direction. In order to standardize and integrally affect people's clothing, food, housing and transportation, I don't quite agree with this kind of approach that seems to be somewhat restrictive.

If we simply talk about Confucius's thoughts, there may not be anything wrong with it, but why was Confucius rejected by the kings of various countries when he traveled around the world in the past? Isn't it really good that this so-called benevolent thinking will touch on their rule, the national policy of small countries and widows?

At the same time, look at Taoism. It arose and grew at the same time as Confucianism, and its influence was also very widespread, and even many people shared some of the doctrines of Confucianism and Taoism. Confucianism attaches great importance to people's moral cultivation, stresses integrity, attaches importance to morality, cares for others, and advocates forbearance, peace, open-mindedness and optimism. Taoism is to rule by doing nothing, "doing nothing and teaching without words", that is, governing the country, everything goes according to nature, adopting a policy of non-interference and less interference with the people, and using non-action as a means to achieve the goal of doing nothing.

At first glance, there is a big difference, but the two do not conflict with each other, and at the same time do not affect each other. A view of people from these two families about people. One should conform to society, and the other should conform to nature. Confucianism, which conforms to society, naturally needs to form a complete system of science and the way of kings and ministers. Taoism that conforms to nature is, of course, to resonate with the sky, to feel the changes of all things, and to prosper from beginning to end. That's why it's called wuwei. ”

After hearing this, Wei Ziheng immediately applauded and said, "In this case, it is true. The two of them are the most special and complete. I'll sum it up.

Confucianism takes self-cultivation and Qi family to govern the country and level the world as its political goal, and Taoism takes the rule of inaction as its political goal; Confucianism is dominated by the doctrines of Confucius and Mencius; Taoism is based on what Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi said; Confucianism is mainly based on WTO accession, and Taoism is mainly born; Confucianism solves practical problems with a positive attitude; There is a slight negativity in Taoist thought; Confucianism regards moderation as the goal of personal morality, and Taoism takes the Tao as the highest criterion.

The fact that there is still no great opposition and conflict between these two extreme attitudes proves that the attitude towards people and society in this world is originally diverse, and it is therefore on this basis that a scene of a hundred schools of thought will be formed. ”

Wang Xu nodded and said, "Actually, as far as my understanding is concerned, everyone is different. Especially in such an era of princely strife, how can you be sure that other people think the same way as you? As the saying goes, those who are clear are self-purifying, and those who are turbid are self-turbid. Those who are close to Zhu are red, and those who are close to ink are black. Gay people can be in groups, such a truth.

You have your reasoning, I have my reasoning, and you look at the problem from a different angle than mine, so there is no good dispute. ”

Wei Ziheng actually suddenly felt that the Wang Xu in front of him was really a person with the potential of a thought master: "I can't think of Brother Wang Xu, I really have some ideas." I can only learn from others, and I don't really have a deep understanding of such a world. I just think that there must be a reason for human life, but this truth is changeable. It is precisely because of this variability that different people are born. The doctrine of Confucianism seems to be a little too rigid, and everyone learns it as if they are carved into a mold. In contrast, I actually admire Taoism, and the feeling of being free from the world and being ethereal is what people should follow.

After all, man was born from nature, and it is natural to understand the philosophical avenue left by nature. Man is actually inherently a contradiction. Just like someone in the family once said that people are good and evil. Who is in charge of this good and evil? It's up to the person to perceive it. ”

Wang Xu became more and more excited as he spoke: "You raised a very serious question, do people go to good or evil? Your answer is up to the person, but I don't think there's really any need to discuss it. First of all, you judge the whole person from the perspective of one person, which is impossible in the first place. No matter which side of your opinion you hold, no amount of examples and facts will actually help, because it is just a personal opinion. Although it has only two answers, it does not put people with the same answers in one category, and if you look at such a question in this way, maybe things can be solved. ”

This sentence suddenly alerted Wei Ziheng, Wei Ziheng frowned slightly, and carefully recalled what Wang Xu said: "You say this, it seems that there is indeed some truth. It is a natural law to say that people are good, and you say that people are evil, this is because of some changes in the social order after there are more people, but it is a general generalization, which is indeed a bit not rigorous. It is inevitable that there will be complexities and contradictions in the society of people. ”

Wang Xu exhaled and said: "It's a bit far-fetched, but in fact, I'm also very good at discussing this kind of problem, after all, sometimes looking at some ancient books and watching some famous masterpieces, I wonder if the philosophy of this world is like this, or is there anything I haven't discovered?"

Society is progressing, people are progressing, and thinking is progressing at the same time. After all, the amount of information about the idea of people and society is too large. In my opinion, I can't give my answer very confidently. At least I have something else in mind. ”

Wei Ziheng finally said this: "I believe you should have heard that according to legend, Gongsun Wu, the former governor of Wu, once wrote a thirteen-part military book, which has been circulated in the world. Now he is respected as a representative of contemporary soldiers, and his thirteen articles, I have also read, and they give me the feeling that they are very magical and mysterious. Although it talks about the art of warfare, it is also linked to people all the time. ”

"The Art of War?" Wang Xu looked at his appearance, and he didn't seem to be very interested: "To put it bluntly, isn't the art of war war?" Now the so-called art of war is actually very clumsy. They only stayed at the side of the two armies against each other, and did not jump out of this limitation at all.

In my opinion, the true art of war is the way to govern the country, and winning or losing a war determines the prosperity of a country. But it's not just war that determines a country's prosperity, it's also rhetoric. Lobby all countries to state their interests and disadvantages, and to be invincible with the momentum of the country. Here's how I see it. ”

Wei Ziheng was also quite curious later, he seemed to have never heard of this way, so he said with great interest: "Lobby all countries, and work together vertically and horizontally." What kind of thing is this? How come I've never heard of it? ”

Wang Xu just looked very proud and said: "This is what I came up with, because I think war is a form of national strife, and it should not be limited to the blood-and-blood battle between soldiers, it should also exist in the court." With a three-inch tongue, he can say shocking remarks, so that he can shock the princes with his words, and make the world frightened.

After all, this is a society of people, and the state is nothing more than a higher form, and he cannot do without everyone. It's like a robber who wants to rob you, and if you tell him that you are old and young, and life is difficult. This robber might just let you go, it's the same thing. ”

"You mean to say, the charm of words. This seems to be somewhat similar to the famous artist. But they don't seem to be talking about national political strategy, and your thinking seems to be a bit mysterious. Wei Ziheng listened carefully and gave his own opinions: "Famous scholars respect logic and delve into the principles of debate logic. Many of the debates of the Hundred Schools of Thought have been launched in this way. Deng Xi, the ancestor of the famous family, is a master of logic, and he is now in Zheng Guo. The people of the Central Plains all know his name. ”