Zhu Jinglun believes that since later generations of schools have begun to adopt this method, despite various problems, it still shows that this method is a general trend in the future and has his advantages, so he adopted it. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

Now this method, in the city, in small towns, has been promoted, and the results are not bad, one or two children may not be visible, but tens of thousands of students have an average score statistics, it is already obvious. These schools generally do better each year than the rural schools. And because of the good test results, many actual parents also send their children from the countryside to urban schools, and the enrollment rate of such public schools is very high, and it has been operating at full capacity, with each teacher bringing more than 30 or even more than 40 students. At the same time, the result is that in the past few years, urban schools have absorbed 30% of the number of school-age students.

This is a huge step forward, but it is still too far from the universal education that Zhu Jinglun wants, and if rural education is not solved, compulsory education will inevitably not be completed.

Therefore, he began to advocate the large-scale promotion of the follow-up system in rural schools, and encountered two difficulties, one was the problem of teachers, and the other was the problem of funding.

In the past, in the rural schools, the traditional squires were mainly teachers, especially the Confucian Temple school model promoted by Zeng Guofan, which encouraged a large number of old masters.

If it had been ten years ago, Zhu Jinglun really couldn't replace these old masters, which is why he had been troubled by the problem that universal education could not be promoted.

But now, after ten years of support for education, although the popularization rate has always been maintained at 30 percent, the number of talents cultivated is still calculated in 100,000, and now the examination is not as easy as it was at the beginning, and it is basically impossible to pass the examination without a good foundation in mathematics and Chinese.

Those scholars who failed to pass the imperial examination, but still placed all their hopes on studying, were selected to enter the next level of school in batches, and from the rural school, about one-tenth of them could enter the county school, and about one-tenth of the county school could enter the government school, and one-tenth of the school could enter the highest level of the Guangfu School Palace.

To be honest, these students who have entered the Guangfu School Palace, they still pin their hopes on the entrance examination, but the education they have received has been quite comprehensive, in fact, at the level of the school, they have begun to contact with more advanced natural science knowledge education, chemistry, physics, biology and so on. Therefore, the students of these academic palaces, in the field of natural sciences, are actually clearer than those who were admitted to the low-level yamen as junior officials early.

The reason why these people have failed again and again on the road to the imperial examination, but they have persevered again and again, the support in their hearts is that every time they are higher, they can take the higher imperial examination, such as the village school, students who have only studied mathematics and classics, they can take the county government at most; county school students can be admitted to the prefectural level officials; Those who have learned from the government can be admitted to the first-level officials of the province; The students who arrived at the Guangfu Academy already had the qualifications to directly take the six ministry officials.

What they take is highly consistent with what they are learning, so these students' enthusiasm for learning natural science is also very high, and they even think that this is another opportunity for them, because the reason why many students repeatedly fail the exam is mainly because there are some subjects that they are really not good at, but every time they are promoted to a higher level, they are exposed to more subjects, so the proportion of disadvantaged subjects is reduced, so they have more hope of being able to pass the exam.

But that's just a balancing act. They still can't compare with those students who have already passed the imperial examination, because for those students who have officially entered the government, although they can only be a official at the beginning, and they can only take the official position after three years, these three years can not only familiarize them with the officialdom, but also allow them to accumulate contacts. When they began to take the official position three years later, as long as they were not people with particularly low emotional intelligence, they often already had their own networks, supported by officials with various teacher titles, and had countless classmates to take care of, and their official career was obviously smoother.

But for Zhu Jinglun, the purpose of the imperial examination is not the only way to select officials, and what he attaches more importance to is the mobilization of the enthusiasm of the vast number of scholars for the imperial examination. It can be said that if he had not always firmly grasped the content of the imperial examination, he would not have been able to popularize natural science among scholars so quickly, let alone have such a large number of teachers who understand natural science.

Now this group of students studying in the official school palace, they are the best teacher candidates, in terms of national studies, they have received traditional education, the four books and five classics are no problem at all, scientifically, can be killed from the village school, county school and government school three-level school, everyone is one in a thousand talents, without more than 90 points in each homework, it is impossible to enter the school palace.

After the most important problem of teachers is solved, the remaining funding problem is not a big problem. It just so happens that in the past two years, the government's financial control has been relatively good, and the deficit has been reduced to 30 million taels.

Therefore, under the operation of the government, suddenly the Guangfu Academy began to recruit teachers. In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of students, teachers are given official status and are under the direct jurisdiction of the Department of Education of the Ministry of Rites. The lowest level of rural teachers is from the ninth grade, which is the same as the rank of the official who has just entered the officialdom. At the same time, they were also told that after three years as teachers, if there was a vacancy in the official position, they would also be eligible to directly apply for the official position. Therefore, in terms of identity, they are exactly the same as the officials who passed the imperial examination. This obviously greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of those students who had not been able to take the imperial examination for a long time.

Zhu Jinglun originally thought that according to this method, the Ming government could complete the popularization of compulsory education within a year, at least in terms of hardware, and the next thing was to encourage students to enroll and actively increase the enrollment rate.

As for the difficulties, he didn't think there was much of an obstacle, because this was an area that the squire class itself had given up, as if they were unwilling to cooperate and a large number of people refused to be officials for the new Ming Dynasty, which happened to allow Zhu Jinglun to promote a new group of bureaucrats. Now due to Zeng Guofan's discredit, a large number of squires who came out to run education in response to Zeng Guofan suddenly quit, so it is logical for the government to take over.

But unexpectedly, the gentry class actually rebounded strongly, and at the end of 1872, there was a sudden large number of villagers surrounding the schools, and the police and even soldiers sent by the county town were surrounded in the schools, especially in the economically developed Pearl River Delta region of Nanhai, Panyu and Shunde three counties were the most serious, and similar incidents occurred in almost every township.

Because education has led to violent confrontation, this kind of ridiculous thing has suddenly alarmed all strata from top to bottom.

It also attracted a large number of newspapers, the Chinese newspapers, which had always supported universal education and were critics of the rural cultural monopoly, which they saw as a rebellious move by the rural cultural monopoly.

Foreign-language newspapers ridiculed this, saying that some newspapers run by foreigners in Hong Kong, especially some with racial tendencies, use this to explain the inferiority of Chinese culture and refuse to educate as an uncivilized behavior.

In addition, some of the squire's voices began to appear, and some of the enlightened gentry who had also begun to enter the media in recent years, began to make their voices heard, and they thought that it was not all the fault of the village gentry, and they began to report the misdeeds of the soldiers and policemen sent by the government in various places.

In short, no one is completely clean, and dressing one side as a completely pure angel and the other as a complete bastard is engaging in political movement, not reform.

Therefore, when Chen Zhiting reported the matter to Zhu Jinglun and asked Zhu Jinglun to make a decision, Zhu Jinglun's attitude was that he could not distinguish between any party.

Neither can forcibly suppress the squire class, nor can it hit the board of the government, especially in this incident, there was a split in the government, and the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of Rites began to oppose each other, and Zhu Jinglun did not intend to fight the board of the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of Rites, but with the help of this incident, it was not only very necessary to make a formal adjustment to this side, but also an opportunity.

An opportunity to regulate civil self-government.

Zhu Jinglun has maintained a certain degree of appreciation for China's traditional rural autonomy, but he has often been a little apprehensive about it.

This tradition of self-government, which is very simple to say, is that the common people spontaneously manage themselves, which is actually similar to the representative system spontaneously formed in the West, and it is said that it is a way to cooperate with the government to manage society, and if it is promoted, it is possible to push it into modern society.

In China's long ancient society, especially in the Ming and Qing dynasties, due to the population expansion, far beyond the Tang and Song dynasties, resulting in the traditional unified management system, has approached the limit, the management of rural society has become powerless, at this time rural autonomy is a good supplement and help for the government, so most of the time the government not only acquiesce, but even actively promote this autonomy.

But there is also a tendency of rural autonomy, that is, it is more resistant to the government, the first is the natural resistance of power to the invasion of itself, and the second is that the ancient government did have some bastards, once they went to the countryside, it was inevitable to disturb the people, so the gentry class simply stood up and managed themselves, helping the government to collect grain and taxes, in exchange for the government not going to the countryside.

When it comes to Zhu Jinglun, this kind of resistance still exists, so it is always difficult for his education reform to penetrate into the countryside, which is what he is most worried about.

There was no opportunity before, but now there is an irrational rebellion in the countryside and has violated the law, so it is a good opportunity to infiltrate into the structure of rural self-government.

So when Chen Zhiting brought the Ministry of Rites and the Servants of the Criminal Department to ask to see him, Zhu Jinglun advocated that it should be handled in accordance with the law.