Let's take a look at this landscape garden painting:

The cranes in the secluded swamp are singing, and the sound of the four fields is really bright and clear. Fish dive in the deep abyssal pool, and sometimes float to the edge of the Nagisa to stop. What a joy it was in that garden, where the sandalwood trees were high and had thick shade, and the evil leaves withered below. There are good stones on the other mountain, which can be used to grind jade.

The cranes in the secluded swamp are chirping, and the sound is very neat in the sky. Fish float in the shallow Zhu Beach, and sometimes dive into the abyssal pool. It was a great joy in that garden, where the sandalwood trees were tall and densely foliaged, and the trees below were short and thin. There are good stones on the other mountain, which can be used to cut jade.

"Praying for the Father": The helplessness of the guards of the capital

Sima is an official name in ancient China, with a lower status than the three dukes, and Situ, Sikong, Sishi, and Sikou are called the five officials, mastering military politics and military endowments, and continued to be used in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

According to the original military and political system, the samurai who defended the royal family and the capital were only responsible for the defense and security of the capital, and under normal circumstances, they were not transferred to fight wars. But here, Sima, who was in charge of the dynasty's military, made an exception and dispatched the royal capital guards to fight, causing the guards to be dissatisfied. However, we can see from another angle that there was a constant war at that time, there was a serious shortage of soldiers, and the people were full of complaints.

After King Xuan of the Western Zhou Dynasty ascended the throne, he appointed virtuous ministers politically, and at the same time used the power of the princes militarily, he also had a group of fierce generals who could fight well, which slowly made the national strength of the Zhou Dynasty recover for a short time, and there was a situation of Zhongxing. However, when King Xuan of Zhou reached his old age, he suffered one defeat after another in the use of foreign troops, especially in the Battle of Thousand Mu, he was defeated by Jiang's Rong tribe, and the army of the southern kingdom was completely annihilated. Later, with the addition of King Xuan's arbitrariness, lack of loyalty, and indiscriminate killing of ministers, King Xuan's Zhongxing became a flash in the pan, and at the same time laid the groundwork for the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty in the period of King Youwang of Zhou.

King Xuan of Zhou used troops to foreign countries many times, which made the Zhou Dynasty once present a situation of peace in all directions and stability of the kingdom. However, the successive years of conquest consumed a lot of national strength, and at the same time exacerbated the social crisis of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

In the spring of the eleventh year of King Xuan of Zhou, the monarch of Lu State, Lu Wugong, his eldest son Kuo, and the younger son played to see King Xuan of Zhou. King Zhou Xuan personally likes Gongzi opera, so he wants to make Gongzi opera the prince of Lu State. King Zhou Xuan's doctor, Fan Zhongfu, dissuaded King Zhou Xuan, saying: It is not polite to abolish the eldest son and establish a young son; If you are not polite, you will inevitably violate the king's command; If you transgress the king's command, the people will turn their backs on him. In the following matters, it is a polite practice to do less and to do more; Now the Son of Heaven has appointed young sons to the princes, which is to teach the people to commit crimes; If the king of Lu obeys your orders, and the princes follow your example, then the order of the first king will be blocked; If the king of Lu does not obey your orders, and you go to crusade against Lu because of this, then you are crusading against the order of the previous king! In such a thing, your crusade is also a mistake, and if you don't crusade, it is also a mistake, Son of God, you should think carefully!

King Xuan of Zhou didn't listen, and insisted on making Gongzi the prince of Lu. In the summer of this year, Lu Wugong died after returning to China, and Gongzi Xi ascended the throne as Lu Yigong. Later, in the twenty-first year of King Xuan of Zhou, Gongzi Kuo's son Boyu and the people of Lu attacked and killed Lu Yigong, and Boyu was established as Lu Jun and called Lu Waste Gong.

In the thirty-first year of King Xuan of Zhou, King Xuan of Zhou attacked the state of Lu and killed the prince of Lu abolished, and King Xuan of Zhou asked the minister who among the sons of the state of Lu could be qualified for the position of king of the state of Lu. Someone recommended Lu Yigong's younger brother Gongzi to say that he was solemn and respectful, respected the elderly, and would definitely follow the etiquette of the previous dynasty when dealing with law enforcement. King Xuan of Zhou then set up a prince called Lu Jun and called Lu Xiaogong. However, after such an incident, Zhou Tianzi's prestige was greatly reduced, and the princes appeared to disobey the king's orders. In the later Lu State, there were also several incidents of abolishing the elder and the young, and killing the heirs, and the initiator was probably King Zhou Xuan.

In his later years, King Xuan of Zhou repeatedly used troops against the surrounding tribes, but most of them ended in failure. In the thirty-first year of King Xuan of Zhou, King Xuan of Zhou sent an army to attack the Rong people in Taiyuan, but without success. In the thirty-sixth year of King Xuan of Zhou, King Xuan of Zhou sent an army to conquer the two Rong tribes, Tiaorong and Benrong, and was defeated. In the thirty-ninth year of King Xuan of Zhou, King Xuan of Zhou sent an army to conquer Shen Rong and won the victory. But in this year, the Zhou army was defeated by Jiang Rong in the Battle of Thousand Mu, and the southern army was annihilated, and King Xuan of Zhou was able to break out of the encirclement with the help of his subordinates.

In the forty-sixth year of King Xuan of Zhou, King Xuan of Zhou died, and King You of Zhou ascended the throne; In the eleventh year of King You of Zhou, the Western Zhou Dynasty perished.

Today's poem is the Zhou Dynasty's royal capital guards expressing their inner dissatisfaction, and this poem was probably composed when King Xuan of Zhou was frustrated by Jiang Rong in the battle of Qianmu.

The samurai were outspoken and outspoken, and they used a questioning tone to express their resentment directly. When they were treated unfairly, they did not be gentle and subtle, and they came up with a loud shout: Sima! Then he asked sharply: Why did you put me in a dangerous situation, causing me to leave my homeland and suffer from the pain of war? The samurai went on to say: Since ancient times, there has been a military administration, and there are no guards to go to the border. But you, Sima, didn't follow the rules and sent me to the front line of distress and danger to fight!

As a soldier, he should not be afraid to retreat, and when the national crisis is at hand, he should drink the border and wait for the day. Although the samurai behaved roughly, it did not mean that they did not have a mind. The warrior rebuked again: "Why are you so confused, you Sima, just like you are deaf and can't hear our voices, and I still have the old mother who has lost her devotion at home!" This is the samurai's rebuke to Sima for not being able to understand the situation, and also to explain the reason for his resentment, as well as the bitterness of not being able to resolutely join the expedition.

Fierce and straightforward, fast talking, is also a characteristic:

Sima! I am the king's guard. Why did you let me go to the war? There is no instability in the shelter.

Sima! I am the king's warrior. Why did you let me go to the war? Running around endlessly.

Sima! It's really hard to use your brain. Why did you let me go to the war? The old mother at home has nothing to eat.

"White Horse": The host's friendship with guests

In ancient times, there were many ways to keep guests, such as when the guests were about to leave, the host pulled out the small iron rod on the axle of the guest's carriage and threw it into the well, so that the car could not walk, and kept the guests in this way. Another way is that today's host tries to tie the horse that the guest is riding, and let the white horse go to his vegetable garden to eat the tender green bean seedlings. The purpose of staying is to keep people, and I hope that the guests can spend a while in his house to prolong the happy time. It can be seen how hospitable and warm the host is.