(1) Jumping Ball Rules.

1. Opening and overtime, starting with a jump ball.

2. In the second and third quarters, the team that loses the ball at the beginning will send the backcourt baseline ball (throw-in at the end of the backcourt).

3. In the fourth single quarter, the team that gets the ball at the beginning will serve the baseline ball in the backcourt.

(2) Scrum rules.

Scrums occur when one or more players from each team are holding the basketball tightly with one or both hands at the same time, or at any time a defender touches the ball and causes the attacking player to fall to the ground with the ball. If neither player has used a rough move and neither player has been able to claim the ball, the ball may be awarded a scrum.

If a player is lying down or sitting on the floor of the pitch and possession of the ball, that player has the opportunity to pass the ball and may not award a scrum, except that in the event of danger or injury, the referee shall award a scrum.

Scrum balls can be awarded in the following situations:

1. Both sides hold the ball at the same time, equal chances, and it is difficult for either side to gain possession of the ball in a short period of time;

2. Both sides work at the same time to knock the ball out of bounds, such as when competing for rebounds;

3. In the event that all referees cannot make a decision, it shall be judged as a scrum. (However, this is a rare case, and it can now be judged by video, but it is still used in ordinary competitions.)

(3) When the following situations occur, the ball becomes a dead ball and cannot be contested.

1. Scrum.

2. The ball stays on the basket or gets stuck between the hoop and the rebound.

3. The end of any single session.

4. Free throws for technical fouls.

5. Offensive fouls (boxing fouls, non-race fouls).

6. The first free throw in multiple free throws.

7. Violations on the field (dribble away, 3 seconds, 10 seconds, 24 seconds, etc.).

8. When there is a fight foul.

9. Whistle of omission.

10. After a successful shot or free throw.

11, before the player takes possession of the out-of-bounds.

(4) In the following cases, the ball becomes a live ball, and the ball cannot be grabbed.

1. In any jump ball, when the referee throws the ball.

2. When the throw-in player can handle the ball.

3. When the penalty player can handle the ball.

(5) In the following cases, the ball becomes a vitality ball and can be grabbed.

1. When the ball is legally slapped by a jumping player.

2. When the ball leaves the hand of the throw-in player.

3. When the ball leaves the penalty player's hand.

(6) NBA violations.

1. Walking violation: Walking more than three steps with the ball is walking.

2. Interference ball: When the ball thrown by the opponent reaches the highest point and begins to fall, the defender touches the ball and is blown as an interference ball, and the attacking side is blown to score directly, and the ball is handed over to the defender.

3. Attacking for three seconds: If the attacking player stays in the three-second area for more than three seconds without the ball or with offensive action or intention, it will be regarded as attacking for three seconds and will be punished for exchanging the ball.

4. Five-second violation of serve: When the throw-in is served, it should be issued within five seconds, otherwise it will be whistled for a violation and the ball will be handed over to the opponent.

5. Eight-second half-court violation: that is, when an attack starts, after taking the ball from the backcourt, the ball must be dribbled across the half-court to the frontcourt within 8 seconds, otherwise it will occur with the ball for 8 seconds

6. Two dribbling violations: that is, after the first dribble, hold the ball, and then start dribbling again, then it will be blown for the violation, and the ball will be called to the opponent.

7. Wrist flip: Now the NBA blows very tightly for a violation, when dribbling, it is not allowed to put the vertical angle between the palm and the ground more than 90 degrees, which is collectively referred to as the wrist flip, which is actually similar to the blowing penalty of two dribbles. When dribbling, hold the ball with one hand and prohibit another dribble.

8. Defending three-second violations: It means that the defenders stand in the three-second zone and there is no offensive player at a distance of about 1 meter from the start, and they stay in the three-second zone for more than three seconds, if they stay in the three-second zone for more than three seconds, they will be regarded as defending for three seconds, and if they violate the rules twice in three seconds, they will also be punished with one penalty and one execution.

(7) Penalty Penalty Rules.

1. Be in position within the semicircle behind the free throw line (free throw circle).

2. He can shoot in any way, but he must throw the ball into the basket from the basket or shoot the basket to the hoop before it is touched by another player.

3. When the referee puts the ball in his hands, throw the ball out of his hand within 5 seconds.

4. Do not touch the free throw line or the ground in front of the free throw line until the ball touches the hoop.

5. Do not make feints and free throws.

6. When the ball is on its way to the basket, it must not be touched.

7. During free throws, the ball shall not touch the basket or rebound when it is in contact with the hoop.

8. In any free throw before the last free throw, he must not touch the ball or the basket as long as the ball has a chance to go into the basket.

(8) Rules for referees blowing penalties.

1. If the foul ball is not scored when shooting, the shooting player will make free throws, shoot 3 times outside the three-point line, and 2 penalties inside the three-point line; Shooting a basketball and scoring a foul only once is a free throw, and the shot is still scored. 2. Defend 1 penalty for a violation of the penalty.

3. 2 technical foul free throws. 2 unsportsmanlike foul free throws.

4. When the attacking team is attacking, the defending team violates the opposing team, and the fouling team has committed more than four fouls to make free throws, and the throw-in is made 4 times or less.

(9) Suspension rules.

In the case of the NBA, there are two types of timeouts: 20-second timeouts and 100-second timeouts.

The number of 20-second timeouts is two per team, and this number of timeouts does not only exist in the regular 48 minutes, and there are no additional timeouts in overtime.

This 20-second time-out is divided between two halves and only two situations in which a team can request a short timeout on the pitch, one is when the ball is dead, and the second is when the team has the ball and the player with the ball faces the referee to make a "20-second short timeout".

There is no limit to the number of court substitutions in the case of a short timeout due to a dead ball, and only one court substitution is allowed in the case of a short timeout requested because of possession of the ball.

The number of 100-second timeouts, a total of 7 times for each team,

This means that both sides can request a total of 14 long timeouts in the 48 minutes of the game. A long time-out can be requested when the ball is dead or when the player with the ball makes a "timeout" in front of the referee.

Long tentatives are mandatory, with at least two 100-second timeouts per session.

Assuming that neither side of the game is tentatively called, the match recorder will signal the referee to force a 100-second timeout during the formation of the first dead ball after the sixth minute of the first quarter. This long time-out is recorded in the home team's provisional number of times, while the mandatory long time-out caused by the first dead ball in the ninth minute of the game will be recorded in the away team's provisional number.

In the fourth quarter, each team shall apply for no more than 4 long timeouts, and once the final two minutes of the fourth quarter are reached, in order to ensure the continuity of the game, each team shall request no more than 3 times.

It is worth mentioning that requesting a second 20-second timeout at half-time or a 20-second timeout during overtime is allowed, but will be counted as a 100-second timeout.

In overtime, although the team will not receive a new number of short timeouts, it will regain three long timeouts per overtime, and this long timeout is also not allowed to reach three times in the last two minutes of overtime.

Tentative use is usually rhythmic and cautious, with teams calling for a timeout if their team has a tactical problem or if the opponent scores a small storm in a row. The team's own recorder also keeps a suspension.

When the seven timeouts are used, the team can still apply for a long provisional, and from the eighth 100-second timeout, each technical foul will be called for and the opposing team will be awarded a free throw.

In addition, if a team requests a time-out and is ready to make another consecutive time-out, a player must return to the pitch and touch the ball to signal the tentative intention to the referee again.

In addition to adjusting tactics and boosting morale, time-outs show the coach's ability to control the game and command on the spot, and seizing the time-out opportunity is a compulsory course for coaches, and the coach who uses the time-out reasonably is usually also very strong in the rhythm of the overall team tactics.