Ruzhou is the hometown of Ru porcelain, Ru porcelain shape is simple and generous, its glaze such as "rain over the sky and clear clouds", "thousands of peaks and blue waves and emerald color", the soil is fine, the body is like the Dong body its glaze is thick and the sound is like Qing, bright but not dazzling, with the characteristics of "pear skin, crab claws, sesame flowers", it is called "like jade, non-jade, and winning jade" by the world.

Ru porcelain with precious agate as the glaze, the color is unique, there is "agate for the glaze of the ancient" praise. With the change of light, look at its glaze color, just like the beauty of "rain after the sky and clear clouds", warm and simple.

The surface of the vessel is a small opening piece with cicada wing pattern, and it is called "pear skin crab claw sesame flower". During the Northern Song Dynasty, Ru porcelain tables were often engraved with the word "Fenghua", and Cai Jing, the minister of Gyeonggi, once engraved the surname "Caizi" as a sign of honor.

Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the court Ru porcelain utensils, the inner library is hidden, regarded as a treasure, and Shang Yi Zhou Ding is more expensive. It is called "even if you have a lot of money, it is not as good as a piece of porcelain". In 1952, Prime Minister *** instructed to "develop the cultural heritage of the motherland and restore the production of Ru kiln".

After hundreds of experiments and research, in 1958, the first batch of experts from Ruzhou Ru Porcelain Factory in Ruzhou Porcelain Township, the first batch of firing of the first batch of bean green glaze imitation Ru utensils, in August 1983, the sky blue glaze of Ru kiln was successfully tested by experts of Ru porcelain factory and identified by ceramic experts, all reached and exceeded the level of Ru kiln in the Song Dynasty.

Since then, Ru porcelain has become a business card of Ruzhou people. The typical characteristics of Ru porcelain are: "blue as the sky, the face as jade, the cicada wing pattern, the morning star is scarce, and the sesame nail glaze is satisfied." ”

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the center of celadon firing in the north was in Ruzhou (then Zhili Prefecture, which is now Ruzhou City), and at that time (1102-1127 AD), Ruzhou governed Jiaxian, Longxing County (now Baofeng County), Lushan County, Ruyang County (Yiyang), Ye County, Xiangxian County and other places (according to the records of "Chinese Art History").

There are many ancient kiln ruins of firing celadon ware in Ruzhou Sifang, forming a prosperous scene of "a hundred miles of landscape on both sides of the Ru River, and fires everywhere". two major porcelain areas in the north and south; The North District is from Zhanggong Lane and Confucian Temple in Ruzhou City on the north bank of the Beiru River, Donggou and Chenjiazhuang in Dayu Township to Huangyao to Pochi in Linru Town;

The second is to extend from Yanhedian on the south bank of the Ru River in the north to Luoquan, Taomugou and Qingliangsi and Liangwa in the southeast direction, until Duandian, with a radius of more than 300 square kilometers and thousands of kilns.

At its peak, there were more than 300 kilns, and its influence spread to Neixiang, Yiyang, Xin'an and the north of the Yellow River, which was a prosperous period in the history of Ru kiln production.

The northeast of Ruzhou is a slightly patterned celadon with a glaze that is extremely moist and green, which is an early product; Fired in the south, there are many printed or engraved decorations, faintly floating under the transparent mugwort glaze.

Feng Xianming, the former president of the Chinese Ancient Ceramics Research Association, said: "The glaze color of Ru kiln is the most difficult to imitate, and it is more difficult than Ding, Jun, Yao and other kilns, and it is not easy to imitate, so there is no real work of heirloom products." ”

Just as in the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, the superintendent Sun Hao Shiyun: "There is no carving on the celadon selection, not the first Bo of the Yuan family." The famous king made a tribute to Shaoxing year, and the bottle furnace ball moved the color. The official brother is matched with Ru Fei Ru, and the price is pressed in Dingzhou at that time. The dish insect is the beetle of the cup, and it is difficult to stay for a long time.

The golden plate and jade bowl are known as treasures in the world, and it is good to turn over from the soil for refinement. The kiln is empty and the smoke is cold, and the wild coal grows ancient grass in spring. The poet spoke highly of Ru porcelain, but also expressed his emotion about the loss of Ru porcelain.

When it comes to ceramic design and production, the simpler it is, the more difficult it is. How to use the simplest modeling, not only to fully show its practical function, but also to have a rich connotation, is the problem of ceramic design and production since ancient times, as far as the classic type of Ru porcelain "plum bottle", "jade pot spring bottle" is concerned, since the Song Dynasty, the historical kiln is these two shapes, but it has changed back and forth, in addition to the difference between tall and short, fat and thin, with the characteristics of the times and regional characteristics, there is not much change, it can be seen that it is difficult to innovate.

The simplicity of Ru porcelain is a kind of transformation environment. The highest state of Chinese painting and calligraphy lies in the blank space, and the highest state of Chinese poetry lies in the full artistic conception and imagination space. The monochrome glaze of Ru porcelain is not only an advantage, but also a challenge, the advantage lies in the simplicity of its tone, and the challenge lies in the difficulty of monochrome expression.

The beauty of Ru porcelain's works lies in a kind of resonance that goes straight to the depths of the heart, but it seems that it is difficult to find the appropriate language and way of expression. Some people say that the emergence of Ru porcelain has changed people's appreciation habits and established a model of art ceramic aesthetics.

Some people also say that a family has a collection of pastel, bucket color and other colorful porcelain, indicating that the family loves porcelain. And there is Ru porcelain in the house, which shows that this family understands porcelain. Leaving aside the rights and wrongs of this assertion, this is enough to show that what Ru porcelain conveys to people is not the beauty of the surface, but the beauty of the rich inside.

As a Ru porcelain artist, without natural inspiration, deep artistic attainments, without decades of persistence, without the experience of being superb, it is impossible to achieve the beauty of Ru porcelain.

Ru porcelain is a kind of wisdom of life, life is a kind of profound and wisdom, but also in the simple and peaceful life, Ru porcelain gives people the impression must be focused on mental life, spiritual life, look down on material desires, good at solitude, taste loneliness, the truth, goodness and beauty and the plain life of life into one, not shocking, and shocking the world.

The Ruyao kiln site is located in Ruzhou, Henan Province. Ru porcelain shape is simple and generous, with precious agate as the glaze, the color is unique, there is "agate for the glaze ancient legend" praise.

With the change of light, look at its glaze color, as if "the rain after the sky clear clouds**", "thousands of peaks and blue waves and emerald color" wonderful, the soil is fine, the body is like the Dong body, its glaze is thick and the sound is like Qing, bright but not dazzling.

The surface of the vessel is a small opening piece of cicada wing pattern, which has the characteristics of "pear skin, crab claw, sesame flower", and is called "like jade, non-jade, and better than jade" by the world.

In 2012, Song Ru kiln azure glazed sunflower wash was sold for 230 million.

Ru porcelain fetal quality is delicate, the fetal soil contains a trace amount of copper, welcome the light, slightly see red, the tire color gray is slightly yellow, commonly known as "fragrant gray tire", see Ruzhou Python Chuan Yanhedian, Dayu Donggou, Ruzhou Confucian Temple, Qingliang Temple and other kiln sites; Ruzhou Zhanggong Lane Ru kiln, the tire is gray-white, slightly whiter than the tire color of other kilns, is the main feature of the Northern Song Dynasty official kiln.

Ru porcelain for the court monopoly, regardless of the cost, agate glaze, glaze azure, pink blue, sky blue, there are also bean green, green, moon white, orange peel pattern and other glaze colors, the glaze is moist and soft, pure as jade, there is an obvious feeling of ghee, the glaze is slightly translucent, mostly milky or crystalline.

Observe with a magnifying glass, you can see the sparse bubbles under the glaze like the morning star, the glaze caresses it like silk, warm and simple, bright and moist, the glaze is like a pile of grease, quiet and elegant, the color is moist and pure, and the grain is crystal clear and the main characteristics.

It is regarded as the emerald color of the blue peak, and it has the beauty of jade and non-jade. The glaze is more than red halo, some are like the morning sun out of the sea, some are like the sunset, some are like the rain and the sky is clear, some are like the rainbow hanging in the air, the world is called "the azure is precious, the pink blue is still the sky, the sky blue is precious." ”

Ruzhou Zhanggong Lane Ru porcelain, glaze azure, pink green, glaze moist, feel like jade. It has the typical characteristics of blue as the sky, the face as jade, and the morning star as scarce.

In order to avoid the pollution of impurities in the kiln, it is necessary to pack the sagger well, and the utensils are padded with gaskets and nails to prevent adhesion with the sagger. Gao Lian's "Zunsheng Eight Notes" said that Ru kiln "has sesame seeds at the bottom and a small needle".

At the bottom of the utensils, you can see three, five, and seven nail marks as thin as sesame seeds, and there are very few six nails, and the traces are very shallow, and the size is like corn. The utensils in Zhanggong Lane are round nails. Python River Yanhedian, Dayu Donggou area Ru kiln ware has no nail marks, individual bowls, boxes, concave bowls, washing, covers, etc. with cushion cake firing process.

Ru kiln ware has bottles, respect, trays, bowls, plates, washing, Xi, narcissus basins and other daily utensils, a few also pile flowers, printing and other decorations, the bottom of the blue and white year model, mostly with a knife and pen to depict, and printing, stencil printing and other processes.

Such as: azure grass pattern gooseneck bottle, pink green lotus tray, azure lotus petal deep belly bowl, azure peony flower dragon pattern bowl, lotus pattern bowl, radial pattern lotus leaf base, radiation pattern mouth flower bowl (Tibetan Henan), dark flower double fish porcelain plate (Tibetan Britain).

In addition, there are also words on individual artifacts that have been handed down. For example, the word "Fenghua" is mostly seen in respects, bottles, and plates. "Cai Bing" and "Ning" are seen on small dishes and washes. Although the text is not decorative, it still improves the appreciation of utensils, among which "Fenghua" should be the special object of Fenghua Palace in the Song Dynasty.

The shape of the instrument is divided into wrapping feet, flat bottoms, three-legged, concave feet, sunflower mouths, narrow plate edges and wide plate edges. There are several kinds of plates: wrapped feet, concave feet, flat bottoms, straight mouths and lotus mouths. There are also three-legged wash, string pattern Zun (奁), set of boxes, respect, square pots, round pots, etc., as well as a few lotus seats, lotus leaf seats, perforated wares, birds, dragons and other porcelain handicrafts. It is also decorated with flowers, birds, insects, and fish to satisfy the leisure and leisure of the royal family and nobles.

As an important heritage of traditional Chinese handicrafts, Ru porcelain embodies the wisdom and sweat of Chinese working people for thousands of years, and inherits the continuous spirit of craftsmen.

In Ruzhou City, Henan Province, Zhu Wenli, a representative inheritor of Ru porcelain firing techniques, placed glazed blanks on shelves for secondary firing (photo taken on April 24).

As an important heritage of traditional Chinese handicrafts, Ru porcelain embodies the wisdom and sweat of the Chinese working people for thousands of years, inherits the continuous spirit of craftsmen, and is about to be full of vitality and vitality again in the context of the new era.

When it comes to Ru porcelain, Li Xiaojuan, the head of Yusong Ru porcelain in Ruzhou City, Henan Province, has endless topics to talk about, from the inheritance of Ru porcelain, the innovation of craftsmanship to the current market, change and policy background.

"Made in China 2025" once again mentions the 'craftsman spirit', reconstructs the value orientation of the manufacturing industry, and returns to the artistic realm of 'technology is close to the Tao', which has laid the ideological foundation for the inheritance of traditional Chinese handicrafts."

At the same time, with the further improvement of China's economic strength, the original concept of "foreign culture" as beauty is undergoing visible changes to the naked eye, the cultural self-confidence of the Chinese people is gradually germinating, traditional culture has begun to enter the campus, into our lives, and the "Chinese culture" major in the university has also become a prominent science. Whether it is material culture or spiritual culture, Chinese people are reinterpreting the definition of tradition

Ru porcelain is not only a practical item, which also contains the crystallization of spiritual culture, is a kind of handicraft that combines practicality and ornamentality.

Under the general trend of consumption upgrading, the yearning for a better life, the pursuit of exquisite items, and the cultivation of self-sentiment have become the goals of people's pursuit.

Ru porcelain flourished in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty, known as "the crown of Song porcelain", the glaze contains agate, beautiful as jasper, the color is like the blue sky, there is "the family has thousands of wealth, not as good as Ru porcelain" praise.

For a long time, the real Ru porcelain is the best product of "the famous mountain of Tibet, passed on to future generations", and the collection value is extremely amazing. Nowadays, Ru porcelain has also begun to enter the "ordinary people's homes", but there are still many problems in the production and supply side, market sales and other aspects.

According to Li Xiaojuan, the head of Yusong Ru porcelain, "there are fewer and fewer old porcelain craftsmen, and the new generation is unwilling to take over, thinking that this craft makes little money and is very torturous to learn." ”

"Some old craftsmen would rather their children do something else than follow their old path." The inheritance of Ru porcelain craftsmanship has become an important shackle restricting the development of the industry.

"Without the market, there would be no inheritance of Ru porcelain," Li Xiaojuan said. "Although the state has some protective measures for some traditional handicrafts, such as subsidies for well-known craftsmen, etc., to a certain extent, will protect the survival of traditional handicrafts, but the improvement of Ru porcelain handicrafts and market development is still facing problems.

In the context of today's times, "only when it enters daily life and is accepted and used by the public, this is the best inheritance for Ru porcelain."

So, as a spiritual aesthetics, will Ru porcelain conflict with the needs of the public? In Li Xiaojuan's view, "the reason why Ru porcelain is called Ru porcelain is because it uses some unique local raw materials, a unique firing method, and some unique skills in it, but the specific forms of the final firing can be varied."

It can be a saucer, a bowl, a washer, an incense vessel, and a set of tea sets, which can be fired according to the different needs of consumers. ”

From this point of view, Ru porcelain is a high-end commodity by nature, and each piece of Ru porcelain is actually unique, on the one hand, because of the difference in shape, and on the other hand, because of other uncertain factors such as furnace temperature during the firing process.

Therefore, in today's era of "bumping shirts" and "bumping faces", Ru porcelain ware is more in line with the individual needs of consumers, and the market prospect is very optimistic. The premise, of course, is - "separate from the shoddy industrial, assembly-line porcelain firing".

With the boom of the traditional handicraft market such as Ru porcelain, some people or enterprises will not meet the standards of origin of the skills into the production of Ru porcelain, resulting in a large number of so-called "Ru kiln" and "Ru porcelain" into the market, to the real Ru porcelain craftsmen brought a serious impact.

The "Ru kiln" and "Ru porcelain" sold by street vendors "five pieces" and "ten pieces" not only make the Ru porcelain made by real traditional craftsmen no market, but also have an adverse impact on the traditional handicraft of Ru porcelain itself, further reducing people's awareness of the style of Ru porcelain, and also making consumers have doubts about today's Ru porcelain market environment.

Li Xiaojuan, the head of Yusong Ru porcelain, believes that "Ru porcelain must rely on geographical advantages, shape a brand, develop and innovate, and take the road of high-quality products, only in this way can the real Ru porcelain handicraft be inherited." ”

Traditional handicraft brands such as Yusong Ru porcelain are based on the concept of "giving soul to creation", and infuse traditional skills and process design into the production process of Ru porcelain, so as to distinguish them from other industrial products.

Of course, the shaping of traditional handicraft brands is a long process, which requires enterprises to have unique product standards, patience and confidence, as well as help and support from all walks of life.

"Yusong Ru porcelain can go to today, on the one hand, it is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the older generation of Meng Yusong and other teachers, which has revived the traditional Ru porcelain technology, and on the other hand, it is also because of the product polishing for decades, which has finally been recognized by people from all walks of life at home and abroad."

Nowadays, in this era of gradual "pollution" by industrial products, people need some "meaningful" objects to fill their inner anxiety, and give traditional handicrafts such as Ru porcelain a good opportunity for rapid development. But only by doing a good job of the brand and returning to ingenuity can traditional handicrafts such as Ru porcelain be better inherited.

Ru porcelain was first burned in the Tang Dynasty and created in the Song Dynasty, which was the imperial porcelain for the court. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, Ru kiln was monopolized by the royal family to burn porcelain for the court, which reached its peak with the love of Huizong of the Song Dynasty, but also disappeared with the decline of the Song Dynasty.

"The production of objects for the royal family is a very special and secret thing, and the porcelain that is fired and not selected has to be smashed, destroyed, and buried. And the Ru kiln itself has the saying that 'ten kilns and nine are not successful', and there are very few finished vessels.

In addition, it was burned for the royal family for a total of 20 years, and Ru porcelain was already a treasure at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, and became more and more precious in the future. Take a look at the latest chapters of "Dream Claw Book House in the Great Era" and read it for free for the first time.