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After the appearance of the Mine rifle, it sparked a series of fixed ammunition and rifled rifles. Pen ~ Fun ~ Pavilion www.biquge.info please search and see the most complete!

However, in the face of another revolutionary design, the corresponding firearm model of the Minne rifle quickly became obsolete.

And this revolutionary design is the appearance of the Delaney rifle as a representative of the real power of breech rifles.

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At the same time, breech guns don't seem to be a crucial secret. Because in the United States, at the same time, a fairly advanced breech rifle appeared, this rifle is the famous Mississippi rifle, and before that, a more systematic Hall type rear-loading rifle system appeared.

Later generations believed that it was a typical representative of the early American long rifle, it had a beautiful shape and perfect proportions, it witnessed the expansion of the United States after independence and the vigorous Civil War, and it was the American Mississippi rifle.

The American Mississippi Strike Rifle is known by many different names, sometimes people call it a Windsor rifle based on the name of the manufacturer, and sometimes a Jaeger rifle based on the origin of its style. Beginning in 1846, the gun was in service with the U.S. Army for more than 30 years, has been improved many times, witnessed the important Mexican-American War and the Civil War in U.S. history, and is a long rifle of extraordinary significance in the history of American weapons.

Long before the United States gained independence, people began to use rifles on the land. Here, the earliest rifles used came from Germany, which recruited a group of light infantry, known as the Jaeger Infantry, which was mainly responsible for troop reconnaissance, skirmishes, and covering heavy troops. The Jaeger infantry used a breech-loading shot-shot rifle, known as the Jaeger rifle, which was shorter in length than earlier hunting rifles and muskets, had no bayonets, was easier to reload, and was more practical in skirmishes. The effective range of the Jaeger rifle can reach 274m, which is 3 times that of the muskets of the same period, and most of the Jaeger rifles are the personal property of the soldiers, and their design and decoration vary greatly depending on personal preference. In addition to Germany, the Jaeger rifle was adopted by other countries, including Switzerland and the United Kingdom, among others.

An immigrant from Germany designed a rifle based on the Jaeger rifle in his hand, which became known as the Pennsylvania Long Rifle because it was designed and manufactured in Pennsylvania, and it became famous at the time. Later this gun was brought to the Kentucky area, so it is also widely known as the Kentucky Long Rifle. The gun is of 0.50-inch caliber, breech-loaded, barrel length approx. and an accessory box on the butt that can be loaded with some commonly used attachments. Its metal parts are made of brass or silver, and the barrel is brown or black. The gun was used by some skilled marksmen in the American Revolutionary War, helping the United States win several key battles, and was later used until the outbreak of the Great American War in 1812.

In 1792, after the independence of the United States, the United States officially began to encourage the development and equipping of army units with rifles. The first rifle born in this case was designed by gunsmiths in Pennsylvania for a rifle regiment created by presidential decree, and its appearance looked very similar to the hunting long rifles of the time. This model of rifle was used by Lewis and Clark on their famous first expedition from west to east across the continental United States.

In 1803, another rifle appeared in the United States, which was a beautiful half-butt rifle with a 0.54-inch caliber and metal parts made of brass and shipped with an expensive gun case. The gun was built in Harpers Ferry City, northeastern West Virginia, with a few years of intermittent production.

Eleven years later, in 1814, another more traditional-looking rifle appeared in the United States, called a rifle. But the production of the gun lasted only 3 years, when it was replaced by 7 rifles. Both rifles and rifles no longer use brass to make metal parts, but iron metal parts instead.

In 1819, John Hall invented the revolutionary flintlock Hall rear-loading gun. The gun has a rear-loading design, a robust and reliable structure, and is produced in large quantities, about 20,000 units. Interestingly, however, most of the existing guns are in their original factory condition, indicating that despite the large quantities produced by the gun, its use on the battlefield was limited.

The Hall rear-loading rifle is a breech-loaded flintlock pistol, and its construction is not very new, but its simple, rugged design has been favored by the United States Department of Ordnance. The bolt mechanism of the gun includes a bolt, a firing mechanism, and a steel block attached to the receiver. To reload, press a trigger-like spring hook under the butt to open the bolt, then lift the bolt upwards so that the muzzle slopes upward. After that, a certain amount of ****** is loaded into the chamber and the projectile is pushed to the deepest part of the chamber with your fingers. When the bolt is locked, the firearm is in a state of readiness. With a little practice, the Hall rear-loading gun could be reloaded several times faster than the standard front-loading smoothbore musket, as well as other guns of the same era.

Early Hall rear-loading guns had a caliber of 0.52 inches and a long rifled barrel. The metal parts on the gun were essentially the same as those on the musket. With the exception of the case-hardened bolt, all metal parts were coated with a layer of brown paint. According to soldiers who used the gun at the time, the gun's biggest flaw was that the gap between the bolt and the barrel would cause too much gunpowder gas to leak out, and there was a safety hazard of gunpowder leaking into the bolt mechanism.

Initially, the U.S. government signed a contract for the purchase of 1,000 Hall rear-loading guns, which were produced by the Franco-Swiss Arsenal, for which the Franco-Swiss Arsenal specially hired Hall as an assistant mechanical engineer to oversee the production of the gun.

In 1833, the United States equipped its cavalry units with the Hall rear-loading carbine, the Hall carbine. The gun was the main long weapon used by the 2nd Dragoon Brigade in the Seminole War.

Later, a new type of carbine, called the Hall Carbine, was produced, which was essentially the same, except that the caliber was changed to 0.64 inches, the strap loop was moved from the rear half of the trigger guard to the middle of the stock, and an offset sighting device like a flintlock pistol was adopted. Although the smoothbore barrel is still used, the inner diameter is gradually reduced from the tail end of the barrel to the muzzle, so that the projectile is gradually clamped as it travels along the barrel, which greatly increases the accuracy of the projectile. Although the gun was produced during the Seminole War, many of them are now quite well preserved, indicating that its use in the war was not as widespread as it was.

Eventually, the Seminoles were defeated and had to relocate, but some of them refused to give in and remained in Florida, setting the stage for the Third Seminole War in 1855. Most of the battles in the Third Seminole War were fought by infantry, so the Hall carbine was not adopted.

However, the Hall carbine was in service for a long time, and several different models were produced before they were finally withdrawn from service, and the biggest differences between these weapons and the original model included the movable connecting pin of the bolt machine.

In addition to the obvious advantages of the Hall breech and carbine, the Hall breech and carbine are so popular in the military that the bolt is removable, and the removed bolt can be used as a pistol on its own. Since the entire firing mechanism is contained in the bolt, although it is not very easy to use, it can still be carried in a pocket and used for self-defense in case of emergency. There is still a lot of documentation that many American soldiers used the bolt of the Hall carbine as a pistol during the Mexican War, but there is no text that anyone used the bolt of the Hall rear loading as a pistol during the Seminole War, but it is certain that the dragoon brigade at that time was at least aware of this feature, and may have tried it.

The bolt of the Hall carbine was easily removed from the receiver by simply removing the attached screws. Despite the strange angle of the bolt when removed and the lack of a grip, it doesn't feel too bad to hold. The trigger is approximately 50.8mm long and allows for at least 3 fingers to be held.

And it is because of this series of factors that in the end, the breech-loading rifle of the Hall model finally lost its original glory - a precedent that can be remembered in history.

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At that time, the conservative military top brass in the United States believed that what was really needed for war was still a traditional front-loading rifle, so the front-loading firing rifle came into being. The gun was very similar in shape to the German and British front-loading guns of the time, but with more graceful lines and proportions. The gun fires a round projectile, which is loaded with strips of cloth in order to seal the gunpowder gas and embed the rifling well. The projectile used in this gun is different from that used in the British Brunswick front-loading firing gun.

While both projectiles need to be wrapped in strips of cloth when loaded, the projectiles used in the Brunswick rifle are lubricated and ready for use, while the projectiles used in the rifle are not lubricated and need to be lubricated with spit in the traditional way before use. The reason for this is presumably due to the fact that officials of the US weapons department believe that the mixture of animal fat and beeswax used to lubricate the projectile will have an effect on the effectiveness of the gunpowder in the projectile.

On the right side of the butt is an accessory box with a hinged lid that can hold a variety of accessories, including a strip of cloth to wrap the projectile, a spare primer socket, and a primer socket wrench. Almost all of the gun's metal parts are made of brass, such as the barrel collar, trigger retainer, stock baseplate, front sights, and the lid on the right side of the butt, and even the flared head of the feed lever. But there are also some exceptions to the part, such as triggers, doors, firing mechanisms, etc. The gun was not equipped with a bayonet, which was also a common situation with rifles at the time.

At that time, Southern California signed a production contract with the BGP Arsenal in Colombia for the production of rifles for the state's troops. But in the end, the BGP arsenal produced only 1,000 guns, and 500 of them were burned during the occupation of Colombia by the Northern army in the Civil War, so the existing rifles produced by the company were rare and highly sought-after. It is also considered the second most important weapon used by the Southern Army in the Civil War, and enjoys great prestige.

On May 13, 1846, the U.S. government declared war on Mexico, and the Mexican-American War officially began.

To defend the train in Oregon, the United States officially created a cavalry regiment, all of whose soldiers were armed with rifles. As fighting between the United States and Mexico intensified, the cavalry regiment was eventually deployed to Texas and absorbed into General Zachary Taylor's forces. At the Battle of Chuluvusko, the cavalry regiment was so heroic that it was so famous for fighting with rifles on horseback that even General Winford Scott took off his hat and bowed to them, calling them "Brave Rifles", a title that is still used by the regiment's direct descendants, the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment of the United States.

The volunteer detachment became familiar with the operation of the rifle and named it the Mississippi rifle - the first time the rifle was referred to as a Mississippi rifle. The detachment was commanded by Jefferson Hamilton Davis, who later served as the first and only president of the Confederate States of America in the Civil War.

They wore distinctive uniforms - red battle shirts, white canvas trousers, and wide-brimmed hats, and were figuratively known as the "Red Shirts". The "Red Shirts" were mostly made up of the descendants of wealthy farmers, and many even brought their own servants with them in battle, which was very impressive. They fought valiantly, and were notorious for their bravery in the Battle of Buena-Vista on February 23, 1847.

In his autobiography, Samuel Chamberlain describes the glorious moment of the "Red Shirts" in that battle: "The horses of the Mexican Cavalry Brigade seemed to be about to soar, and they looked like they were about to step on the plane, and the American riflemen were not even protected by bayonets, but were armed with Mississippi rifles. At this time General Taylor shouted: 'Strong boys, let's fight for the honor of the Mississippi rifle.' The soldiers on horseback in the front row rushed out with Mississippi rifles, and the general shouted, 'Come on Mississippi rifles!' and we all cheered......

As a result of the victory at the Battle of Buena-Westa, while a few people were still accustomed to calling the rifle Windsor or the Jaeger rifle, the majority followed the "Red Shirts" in calling the rifle the Mississippi.

Although the Mississippi rifle gained fame due to its use in the Mexican-American War, the most used weapon in that war was the traditional flintlock smoothbore gun, and the Mississippi rifle was used less often.

After the end of the Mexican-American War, the U.S. government still stockpiled a large number of Mississippi rifles, but because the war was over, some of them were sold to the private sector, many of which were purchased by sailors who went west during the California Gold Rush that arose in 1848.

In addition, Mississippi rifles were also used in temporary operations after the end of the Mexican-American War, such as the Mississippi rifle in 1857 when U.S. Cavalry Company A was issued with a Mississippi rifle during a mission to Northern California to build Fort Crook.

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